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A Possible Harappan Astronomical Observatory at Dholavira

Dholavira: a Harappan City — 2013 — WHE4990F3606E

Research suggests that Dholavira, a significant Harappan port city located on the Rann of Kutch, may have housed an astronomical observatory. The study focuses on two circular rooms within the site's structures, proposing that strategically placed holes in their ceilings could have facilitated the internal movement of sunlight, indicating advanced astronomical knowledge. By analyzing these architectural features, the authors argue that such dedicated structures likely existed across major Harappan cities, reflecting a sophisticated understanding of astronomy during this ancient civilization.

A Preliminary Checklist of Epilithic Algaeof Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Kahuzi-Biega National Park — 2013 — WHE1A74171FB6

A diverse and balanced algal community, comprising at least 170 species from six major groups, was identified for the first time in Kahuzi-Biega National Park. The study, conducted during the dry season (July-August 2007) across ten streams ranging from 1900 to 2400 meters above sea level, revealed that Bacillariophyceae dominated with 61 species, followed by Cyanophyceae (47), Chlorophyceae (30), Desmidiaceae (17), Euglenophyceae (10), and Dinophyceae (5). Key species such as Frustulia rhomboides, Navicula cuspidata, and Microcystis aeruginosa were consistently present. Species diversity varied significantly, with the highest recorded at Mushuva River (114 species) and the lowest at Mugaba River (91 species), indicating spatial heterogeneity in algal distribution within the park.

A retrospective study on acute health effects due to volcanic ash exposure during the eruption of Mount Etna (Sicily) in 2002

Mount Etna — 2013 — WHE0EE635C5AB

A significant increase in emergency department visits for acute respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as ocular disturbances, was observed during the 2002 eruption of Mount Etna. This retrospective study, analyzing data from public hospitals in the Province of Catania, found a clear association between volcanic ash exposure and adverse health effects among local residents. By comparing ED visits during the ash fall period in 2002 with the same timeframe in 2001, researchers documented notable spikes in respiratory and cardiovascular cases, highlighting the immediate health risks posed by volcanic ash. The findings underscore the critical need for public health preparedness to mitigate potential health impacts from future eruptions of this active European volcano.

A revision of Cousinia sections Alpinae (syn. Carduncellus), Subappendiculatae and Tianschanicae (Asteraceae) in the Kirghizian Tian-Shan and the neighbouring territories

Western Tien-Shan — 2013 — WHE45453F83D0

A taxonomic revision of Cousinia sections Alpinae (syn. Carduncellus), Subappendiculatae, and Tianschanicae in the Kirghizian Tian-Shan reveals species-specific traits in anther appendages that enable precise identification and reclassification. Two new species from Kirghizia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan were previously misclassified under Cousinia tianschanica. The study splits section Carduncellus into two distinct sections—Alpinae (restoring its older name) and Tianschanicae—and corrects species distributions, including the first report of C. fetissowii in Uzbekistan. A comprehensive taxonomic treatment with identification keys, descriptions, maps, and typifications is provided, clarifying species boundaries and distribution patterns across mountain ranges.

A Royal Star: On the 'Miracle of the Star' in Thutmoses III's Gebel Barkal Stela and a Note on the King as a Star in Personal Names

Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region — 2013 — WHEC95CE42649

This research reveals that the 'Miracle of the Star' episode on Thutmoses III's Gebel Barkal stela likely depicts a celestial event, possibly a meteor or comet, interpreted as divine intervention. The study re-examines the timing and significance of this astronomical phenomenon, suggesting it was not a random occurrence but rather a carefully documented event with religious and political implications for ancient Egypt. By analyzing the stela's inscriptions and historical context, the author provides new insights into how such events were perceived and recorded in royal propaganda.

A Sacred Ground for Peace: Violence, Tourism and Sanctification in Hiroshima 1960—1970

Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome) — 2013 — WHE71732B49EC

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Genbaku Dome), once a focal point of radical antinuclear activism, has transitioned into a predominantly peaceful memorial site. A study analyzing the period 1960–1970 reveals that despite its initial role as a hub for global antinuclear movements—marked by factionalism and violence, such as the Zengakuren protest in 1963—the park's function shifted toward sanctification and tourism. The research employs historical analysis of political discourse, activist dynamics, and archival records to trace this transformation, highlighting how the decline of unified oppositional movements led to the park's reconfiguration into a more orderly, educational space.

A Serious Game for 3D cultural heritage

Amiens Cathedral — 2013 — WHEF3A2B2B358

A novel approach to preserving and engaging with UNESCO World Heritage Sites, such as Amiens Cathedral, has emerged through the development of 3D serious games. This research introduces a prototype Tangible User Interface (TUI) designed to immerse users in an interactive exploration of the Gothic cathedral's architectural details and historical significance. By leveraging game-based learning principles, the study demonstrates how digital tools can enhance cultural heritage education while addressing preservation challenges. The e-cathedral program, underpinning this work, bridges traditional conservation efforts with innovative technology, offering a scalable model for other heritage sites.

A Short History of the Butrint Foundation’s Conservation Programme at Butrint, Albania: 1994–2012

Butrint — 2013 — WHEF0AD2B9DF0

From 1994 to 2012, the Butrint Foundation successfully navigated the challenges of conserving Albania's UNESCO World Heritage Site, Butrint, during a period marked by political instability following the fall of communism. The foundation's efforts not only stabilized and preserved the site but also fostered collaboration with local authorities, particularly the Institute of Monuments, and trained Albanian conservators to independently manage the site's upkeep. This case study highlights the importance of international cooperation and capacity building in the long-term conservation of culturally significant sites.

A Study of Expectation and Satisfaction with Yakushima Tourism among Tourists and Travel Trade Title

Yakushima — 2013 — WHEA53D9DEFF8

Tourists visiting Yakushima place high value on its natural attractions and eco-tourism experiences, often exceeding the expectations of travel trade professionals. A study involving 492 tourists and 70 travel traders revealed that while tourists expected rich natural beauty and sustainable tourism experiences, their actual satisfaction with these aspects was even greater than anticipated by the travel industry. This discrepancy suggests that Yakushima's unique ecological and cultural appeal is strongly recognized by visitors, which could inform future tourism strategies to benefit local communities. The findings emphasize the importance of preserving Yakushima's high-value natural environment to sustain its tourism potential.

A study of the relict fish fauna of northern Chad, with the first records of a polypterid and a poeciliid in the Sahara desert

Lakes of Ounianga — 2013 — WHE8900382A8F

A groundbreaking discovery reveals the presence of two previously unrecorded fish species in the Sahara Desert: Polypterus senegalus (Polypteridae) and Poropanchax normani (Poeciliidae). These relict populations, along with Tilapia zilli (Cichlidae), were found in Lake Boukou near Ounianga Serir, Chad, significantly expanding the known relict fish fauna of the region to six species. The study also clarified the specific status of Barbus macrops in Bachikere guelta within the Ennedi Mountains and documented the toad Amietophrynus regularis in Ounianga Kebir. This research sheds light on the unique biodiversity of Saharan water bodies, challenging assumptions about the distribution of aquatic species in extreme desert environments.

A Study on Evaluation of the Ancient Historic District for the Preservation and Development of Ancient Capital - Focus on the Pilot Project Districts in Ancient Capital Gyoengju -

Gyeongju Historic Areas — 2013 — WHE2DB54D6A46

A comprehensive evaluation of Gyeongju's historic districts identified Daereungwon and Gyo-dong as the most valuable areas for preservation, with scores of 78.34 and 76.14 respectively. This study utilized the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to establish a value assessment system for ancient capital preservation, focusing on 10 pilot project districts in Gyeongju's 'Ancient Capital Preservation Plan.' The research proposed efficient preservation and development strategies tailored to each district type, building upon the revised 'Historic City Preservative and Development Law' of 2012. This approach aims to balance cultural heritage conservation with sustainable urban development.

A Study on the Damage of the Three Storied Stone Pagoda of Bulguksa Temple in GyeongJu

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple — 2013 — WHE3F46D2017B

A comprehensive analysis of the three-storied stone pagoda at Bulguksa Temple reveals that its structural damage stems from multiple interacting factors, including compressive stress, shear stress, bending stress, and lateral pressure. While the stereobate stones exhibit sufficient strength to support upper structures, other critical contributors include construction flaws, the inherent weakness of soft rock materials, environmental soil changes (such as subsidence and degradation), and natural disasters like earthquakes, lightning, and heavy rainfall. Ultrasonic examinations provided key data on stone material integrity, highlighting that while compressive stress leads to cracks and exfoliation, shear, bending, and lateral pressures primarily drive the shearing of stereobate stones. This study underscores the complex interplay between material properties, construction techniques, environmental conditions, and natural forces in the degradation of historic structures.

A Study on the Vineyard Landscape Conservation in France

Jurisdiction of Saint-Emilion — 2013 — WHE8423AF9CB4

The designation of the Jurisdiction of Saint-Emilion as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999 has significantly advanced vineyard landscape conservation in France. This recognition, combined with the rise of wine tourism, has prompted the integration of cultural property protection measures, urban planning, and the controlled designation of origin (AOC) system to safeguard heritage landscapes. The study highlights how the National AOC Institute (INAO) and local wine syndicates collaborate with architects from the Bureau des Architectes des Bâtiments de France (ABF) to ensure effective heritage management. This multidisciplinary approach underscores the importance of combining regulatory frameworks, architectural expertise, and local governance in preserving culturally significant landscapes.

A theoretical framework for investigating ecological problems associated with biodiversity conservation in national parks: A case of the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda

Rwenzori Mountains National Park — 2013 — WHEDA49539F80

A theoretical framework was developed to address the complex ecological problems associated with biodiversity conservation in the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda. This framework integrates multiple interlinked variables to guide research questions, design, and data interpretation, enabling reasoned predictions or exploratory directions. The study highlights the importance of such frameworks in understanding the 'when, how, and why' of ecological phenomena, particularly in complex situations involving human behavior and conservation challenges.

A thoroughly modern park: Mapungubwe, UNESCO and Indigenous Heritage

Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape — 2013 — WHE2A0F81EB31

Mapungubwe National Park in South Africa exemplifies the tensions between modernist heritage frameworks and Indigenous perspectives, challenging traditional classifications of 'nature' and 'culture.' The study highlights how UNESCO's Cultural Landscape designation reflects a broader shift away from rigid categorizations, influenced by Indigenous communities and other non-state actors. It explores the limitations of nation-state-driven heritage models, particularly in the context of global agencies like UNESCO, while acknowledging the persistent struggle for meaning within these structures. The research approach combines critical analysis of modernist narratives with an examination of Indigenous heritage practices, revealing the dynamic interplay between classical frameworks and emerging perspectives.

A Visit to the Old City of Hebron

Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town — 2013 — WHE132F0FE731

A stark contrast emerges between the past and present access to Hebron's Old City, highlighting systemic barriers that have worsened over time. While weekly trips were feasible in the 1980s, current Palestinian movement is severely restricted by Israeli-imposed measures, including tunnels exclusively for Israelis and prolonged delays at military checkpoints like the Container Checkpoint, located along a dangerous route known as Wadi Al Nar. This narrative account underscores the growing isolation of Hebron's Palestinian community due to infrastructure and security policies that disproportionately affect civilians.

A Walking Guide to the Heart of a City

Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town — 2013 — WHECC69333B4C

Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town exemplifies the complex interplay of urban history, cultural identity, and conflict. The study highlights how layers of history—from ancient streets to modern political divisions—shape the city's fabric. Excavations in Silwan reveal potential remnants of King David's capital, while Hebron's 'Zone C' demonstrates the militarization of urban space, with segregated sidewalks and restricted movement for Palestinian residents. The guide's account underscores the tension between historical reverence and contemporary violence, such as the disturbance of a Muslim graveyard for a proposed museum or the forced eviction of Arab families. Meanwhile, Nablus' resilience is evident in its hip-hop culture, emerging from the destruction of historic soap factories. The research approach combines ethnographic observation with historical analysis to illustrate how cities are both physical and symbolic battlegrounds.

About this title ‐ The Aeolian Islands Volcanoes

Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) — 2013 — WHE54D28881DD

The Aeolian Islands represent one of the most active volcanic systems in the Mediterranean, featuring both active (Stromboli and Vulcano) and dormant (Panarea and Lipari) volcanoes. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of their geological features, stratigraphy, structural evolution, and magmatic history, while also examining the geodynamic setting that influences magma origin and evolution. A key focus is on natural hazards associated with these active and dormant volcanoes. The research incorporates new 1:10,000-scale geological maps of the islands and bathymetric maps of sectors of the archipelago, along with an extensive dataset of rock compositions. These findings offer critical insights into the volcanic processes shaping this unique region.

Abraham Ortelius’s Library Reconstructed

Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex — 2013 — WHEDDC4C5C256

Abraham Ortelius's library, one of the largest private collections of books and maps in sixteenth-century Europe, is estimated to have contained approximately 5,965 maps and 3,514 books by around 2,892 authors at the time of his death in 1598. This reconstruction leverages Ortelius's meticulous records, including his Catalogus auctorum, texts on the verso of maps in his Theatrum orbis terrarum, Synonymia and Thesauri, correspondence, and ledgers from the Plantin Moretus Museum. Surviving books bearing his signature further corroborate these findings, providing unprecedented insight into the scope and diversity of Ortelius's scholarly pursuits.

Abundance and density estimates for common leopard Panthera pardus and clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa in Manas National Park, Assam, India

Manas Wildlife Sanctuary — 2013 — WHE66667280A4

A groundbreaking study provides the first reliable abundance and density estimates for common leopards (Panthera pardus) and clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa) in Manas National Park, India. Using camera traps and capture-recapture analysis over 57 days, researchers identified 27 common leopards and 16 clouded leopards, yielding abundance estimates of 47.0 and 35.6 for the former, and 21.0 and 25.0 for the latter, depending on the model used. Density estimates were calculated as 3.4 ± SE 0.82 per 100 km² for common leopards and 4.73 ± SE 1.43 per 100 km² for clouded leopards, with spatially-explicit capture-recapture methods proving more accurate than conventional approaches. The study highlights the efficacy of camera trapping in monitoring elusive carnivores and establishes a baseline for long-term conservation efforts in Manas National Park.