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Celebrating Sainthood, Government, and Seville: TheFiestasfor the Canonization of King Ferdinand III

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2010 — WHE7E94982328

Recent research highlights the remarkable collaborative effort behind the 1671 fiestas celebrating the canonization of King Ferdinand III in Seville, revealing a fusion of artistic brilliance and ecclesiastical ingenuity. The event, described in detail by Fernando de la Torre Farfán with stunning etchings, showcased ephemeral architecture and decoration that united Seville's leading artists—including Juan de Valdés Leal, Bernardo Simón de Pineda, Bartolomé Murillo, Pedro Roldán, and Matías de Arteaga—with the cathedral canons. This study underscores the significance of the occasion as a cultural and artistic milestone in 17th-century Spain, offering insights into the creative synergy between religious authority and artistic innovation.

Centenary paper: A brief history of Italian town planning after 1945

Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura — 2010 — WHE8BAD68ECCB

Italian town planning after 1945 reflects significant shifts in social and economic contexts, marked by post-war reconstruction, urbanization pressures, and evolving political ideologies. The study highlights how planners from the left grappled with land speculation and real estate markets, particularly in cities like Assisi, Rome, and Bologna. The 1970s saw a center-left realignment and innovation in planning practices, though challenges arose with industrial growth and development pressures on historic urban fabric. From the 1990s onward, EU-linked programs and administrative reforms began to reshape traditional master plan concepts, introducing complexity that tested local governance. The research approach combines historical analysis with case studies, offering insights into how Italian town planning adapted to these dynamic forces.

Changes in Venice Lagoon dynamics due to construction of mobile barriers

Venice and its Lagoon — 2010 — WHE604108F100

The construction of mobile barriers (MoSE project) in the Venice Lagoon has significantly altered its hydrodynamics, with notable shifts in sub-basin dynamics. The Lido sub-basin expanded southward at the expense of the Chioggia sub-basin, while the Malamocco sub-basin's relative position changed without altering its size. These changes were driven by modifications to current velocities and sea-lagoon interactions, including increased outflow jet speeds (up to 1 m/s) and altered micro-circulation patterns near breakwaters. While the Lido sub-basin may benefit from improved water renewal times, these changes pose risks to habitat conservation and infrastructure due to intensified currents. Additionally, the new structures could trap pollutants or suspended sediment in Chioggia and Malamocco inlets.

Chapter Five. New World Mintage: México, Santo Domingo, Lima, And Potosí

Colonial City of Santo Domingo — 2010 — WHE5145A507C2

Colonial mintage in Spanish America, including Santo Domingo, followed a structured process from ore extraction to coin production. Research reveals that while Mexico City and Lima mints typically produced more coins than the silver output they processed, Potosí's mintage pattern differed significantly, often lagging behind its silver output. The study highlights the role of private empresarios and royal supervision in colonial mint operations, with Santo Domingo's mint established in 1535 under Charles V. The approach combines historical analysis of mint records with comparative examination of silver production and coinage across key colonial mints.

Chapters for Later Parts of “Our Fathers”

Abbey of St Gall — 2010 — WHE5236A77BD5

This publication provides a detailed bibliographical and textual analysis of two chapters by John Ruskin, originally intended for the Sixth Part of 'Our Fathers have Told Us.' The first chapter, 'Candida Casa,' was set in type years before its 1893 publication in 'Verona and other Lectures,' while the second, 'Mending the Sieve,' stemmed from a lecture on Cistercian architecture delivered in 1882. The text also includes an appendix on Saxon money, later published separately. Key insights include Ruskin's early composition of these works, their subsequent publication history, and the inclusion of previously unpublished fragments from his 1883 lecture in footnotes. The study offers a comprehensive examination of Ruskin's literary process, blending archival research with textual analysis to reconstruct the evolution of these chapters.

Characteristics and Sources of Carbonaceous, Ionic, and Isotopic Species of Wintertime Atmospheric Aerosols in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Kathmandu Valley — 2010 — WHE3F0C0B3C85

Aerosol pollution in Kathmandu Valley during winter is dominated by local emissions, with secondary organic carbon (SOC) contributing 31% to organic carbon (OC). The study, using bulk aerosol samples collected from 2007–2008, found that elemental carbon (EC) and OC were correlated, suggesting common sources. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) accounted for half of OC, with SOC strongly correlating with WSOC, indicating water solubility in both primary and secondary forms. Carbon isotope analysis confirmed anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion as a consistent source, while nitrogen isotopes suggested limited biomass burning influence. Principal component analysis identified four major particle sources: local/vehicular emissions (39%), secondary gas-to-particle conversion (23%), aqueous processing (11%), and dust transport (9%).

Characterizing the Sedimentary History of Cave Deposits, Using Archaeomagnetism and Rock Magnetism, Atapuerca (Northern Spain)

Archaeological Site of Atapuerca — 2010 — WHED64E99E1E6

A combination of rock magnetism and magnetic polarity analysis reveals that cave deposits at the Atapuerca archaeological site exhibit a primary, depositional sedimentary fabric. The study found that autochthonous deposits show a higher degree of anisotropy compared to allochthonous deposits, suggesting a more dynamic hydrodynamic regime in the former. Furthermore, magnetic lineation (Kmax) defines clusters antipodal to palaeocurrent direction at two localities, enabling the retrieval of palaeoflow directions even in deposits lacking other sedimentary structures. These findings highlight the potential of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) as a powerful tool for understanding the hydrodynamic character of depositional environments in cave sediments, contributing to the reconstruction of karst evolution and human-environment interaction.

Chariton of Aphrodisias

Aphrodisias — 2010 — WHE66203702CA

Chariton of Aphrodisias, a pivotal figure in the invention of the Greek love novel, is dated to the Julio-Claudian era (19 BC–AD 62) through literary and epigraphic evidence. His work, influenced by Virgil's Aeneid and local cults of Aphrodite, reflects Aphrodisias' urban development under Augustus and its connections to Miletus. The study identifies Athenagoras as Chariton's employer via Aphrodisian inscriptions, reinforcing his significance as a paradigmatic author whose impact extended beyond novelistic traditions.

Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Essential Oil ofRosmarinus officinalisCultivated in Djerba

Djerba: Testimony to a settlement pattern in an island territory — 2010 — WHE980891D8FA

A novel chemotype of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis, characterized by the presence of 1,8-cineole/camphor/α-pinene/verbenone/borneol, was identified in Djerba, Tunisia. This discovery expands the known chemical diversity of Tunisian rosemary oils and demonstrates that cultivated plants exhibit similar antioxidant and antibacterial properties to wild-growing species. The study employed GC-MS analysis for chemical profiling, DPPH assay for antioxidant activity assessment, and agar-well diffusion method for antibacterial testing against six bacterial strains. Results revealed moderate antioxidant activity (IC50: 4.186–7.298 mg/mL) and strong to moderate antibacterial efficacy (MIC: 0.156–5 mg/mL), underscoring the potential of Djerba's rosemary oils for therapeutic applications.

China : Shandong Culture Heritage Sector Review

Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu — 2010 — WHE836327FAD2

Qufu and Zoucheng, two neighboring cities in Shandong Province's Jining Municipality, are home to significant cultural heritage assets, including the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion. This region, part of China's early civilizations, boasts over 100 national-level cultural heritage sites. The review highlights the area's rich historical and cultural significance, emphasizing its role in preserving and promoting Confucian traditions and heritage. The study likely employed a comprehensive assessment approach to catalog and analyze these assets, providing insights into their conservation challenges and potential for sustainable development.

Chitinozoan biostratigraphy of a new Upper Ordovician stratigraphic framework for Anticosti Island, Canada

Anticosti — 2010 — WHE54D8E05358

A new Upper Ordovician stratigraphic framework for Anticosti Island, Canada, reveals significant east-west correlations between the Ellis Bay and Vauréal formations, resolving long-standing discrepancies. Chitinozoan biostratigraphy demonstrates that most strata of the Ellis Bay Formation at the eastern end correlate with the mid-upper Vauréal Formation in the west, while the Schmitt Creek and Mill Bay members of the Vauréal are older than the uppermost Vauréal eponym members. The study also identifies a Hirnantian age for the gamachiana Zone and provides insights into the timing and magnitude of the Hirnantian Isotopic Carbon Excursion (HICE), aligning with global stratigraphic data from China and Scotland. This research integrates chitinozoan, geochemical, sedimentological, and sequence stratigraphic data to refine understanding of Upper Ordovician stratigraphy.

Choquequirao to Machu Picchu at the speed of light: visual signaling among the Incas

Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System — 2010 — WHE1F3C41DAE9

Research confirms the existence of an Inca visual signaling system, linking Choquequirao and Machu Picchu through inter-visible stations. This system used smoke by day and fire at night to rapidly relay alarms over long distances, staffed by young 'chasqui' runners. The study validates a historical account by Garcilaso de la Vega, suggesting this was part of a broader empire-wide network for communication during insurrections or invasions.

Chronicling Women's Containment in Bartolomé Arzáns de Orsúa y Vela's History of Potosí

City of Potosí — 2010 — WHEB344DFDF79

Bartolomé Arzáns de Orsúa y Vela's Historia de la Villa Imperial de Potosí (1705–1736) offers a unique lens on the precarious social status of women in colonial Potosí, revealing how societal anxieties about honor and reputation shaped their lives. The chronicle contrasts 'good' women—dutiful wives, nuns, or daughters—with 'bad' women—adulteresses, sorceresses, or prostitutes—reflecting broader humanist and Counter-Reformation influences. Arzáns' focus on female deviance mirrors Spain's efforts to contain wayward women through legal and institutional means, such as workhouses and prisons, while also reflecting the heightened control over African, indigenous, and mixed-race populations in colonial Latin America. The study highlights how these binary categorizations reveal the lived experiences of women during the colonial period, offering insights into gender dynamics and social order.

Chronology and Periodization of Upper Paleolithic Sites in Mongolia*

Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape — 2010 — WHEE523E7F498

A tripartite chronological framework for the Mongolian Upper Paleolithic is proposed, based on stratified site materials and new radiocarbon dates from Tolbor-4 and 15 localities. The Early Upper Paleolithic (40–26 ka BP) spans both Khangai Mountains and Gobi Altai regions, while the second period, beginning around 25 ka BP, is uniquely associated with sites in the Orkhon Valley. The third period coincides with the end of the Upper Paleolithic, represented by Horizons 3 and 4 at Tolbor-15 in the middle Selenge Valley. This study refines our understanding of temporal and spatial patterns in Mongolian Paleolithic cultures, leveraging archaeological stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating to define distinct phases.

Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia

Angkor — 2010 — WHEEBA8C7EBBC

Decades-long droughts followed by intense monsoons, likely driven by tropical Pacific sea surface temperature variations including El Niño events, contributed to the decline of Angkor, Cambodia's ancient Khmer Empire capital. A 750-year hydroclimate reconstruction from Vietnamese tree rings revealed that these extreme climatic conditions strained Angkor's water supply and agricultural productivity while damaging its sophisticated water control infrastructure. The study highlights how low-frequency tropical Pacific climate variations can significantly impact Southeast Asian societies, offering insights into the vulnerability of hydraulic civilizations to climate change.

Climate change scenarios applied to viticultural zoning in Europe

Alto Douro Wine Region — 2010 — WHEA4EF5CE1CC

Climate change is projected to significantly alter European viticultural zoning, with detrimental effects on winegrowing in southern Europe due to increased dryness and thermal stress during the growing season. Conversely, western and central Europe may see benefits in wine quality and expansion of potential viticultural areas, though disease risks could pose challenges. The study used regional climate model simulations (COSMO-CLM) under IPCC-SRES scenarios (B1 and A1B) to assess shifts in seven bioclimatic indices that describe viticultural suitability. By comparing index maps from 1960–2000 with projections for the 21st century, researchers highlighted the need for adaptation strategies, such as changing grape varieties or implementing irrigation, to mitigate adverse impacts and capitalize on new opportunities.

Climate forcing of volcano lateral collapse: evidence from Mount Etna, Sicily

Mount Etna — 2010 — WHE228BE81D3F

A catastrophic lateral collapse of Mount Etna, Sicily, occurred around 7.5 thousand years ago (ka BP), reshaping its eastern flank and forming the Valle del Bove—a 5 x 8 km cliff-bounded amphitheatre. Cosmogenic (3)He exposure dating of eroded surfaces in an abandoned watershed adjacent to the amphitheatre provides definitive evidence for this prehistoric collapse, linked to early Holocene climatic conditions. The study suggests that increased precipitation during this period saturated the volcanic edifice, leading to excess pore pressures and reduced sliding resistance, which, combined with magma emplacement in rift zones, triggered the collapse. This mechanism highlights a potential driver for future lateral collapses in volcanic landscapes facing climate change-induced increases in precipitation or ice melt.

Climatic water deficit, tree species ranges, and climate change in Yosemite National Park

Yosemite National Park — 2010 — WHEAF3C846629

Research on Yosemite National Park reveals that projected increases in climatic water deficit (Deficit) due to climate change may significantly alter forest structure and composition. The study found a 23% increase in Deficit from present (1971–2000) to future projections (2020–49), with species like Pinus monticola and Tsuga mertensiana potentially facing disproportionate impacts. Using high-resolution spatial data, the study correlated tree species distributions with actual evapotranspiration (AET) and Deficit across a 2300-meter elevation gradient, showing that species differentiation intensifies under higher Deficit conditions. The research also highlights the importance of fine-scale soil and topographical data in improving vegetation-change projections in heterogeneous mountainous landscapes.

Cloth Production and Economic Intensification in the Area Surrounding Chichen Itza

Pre-Hispanic City of Chichen-Itza — 2010 — WHE16F00B2CAF

Archaeological evidence from Xuenkal, north of Chichén Itzá, reveals that inhabitants intensified cloth production during the Terminal Classic Period (A.D. 900–1000), likely in response to increased tribute demands from the dominant regional power. Analysis of spindle whorls suggests a rapid adaptation to economic pressures, with spinning and weaving—traditionally associated with women—reinforcing both material output for the state and its gender ideology. This study enhances understanding of Maya cloth production and Chichén Itzá's influence on surrounding sites during its peak political dominance.

Colección fotográfica de Sewell. CODELCO - Chile – División El Teniente

Sewell Mining Town — 2010 — WHE85BC1595BB

A comprehensive photographic collection of Sewell, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and former copper mining town in Chile, showcases its architectural and historical significance. The collection, compiled by CODELCO - Chile's División El Teniente, provides a visual documentation of Sewell's unique urban development, influenced by its industrial heritage. The photographs capture the town's distinctive features, including its grid-like layout, social housing, and cultural landmarks, offering valuable insights into its preservation challenges and adaptive reuse strategies. This visual record serves as a critical resource for understanding Sewell's evolution and its potential to inspire sustainable urban planning in similar contexts.