World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

Showing 741 – 760 of 15962 publications

Minimum intervention level decision for historical buildings: historical buildings along the central axis of Beijing, China

Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital — 2026 — WHE05514DB98A

A new method for determining the minimum intervention level for historical buildings, applied to 14 structures along Beijing's Central Axis, reveals that all require minimal interventions to preserve their heritage value. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation, researchers categorized these buildings into four groups (2:1:10:1) based on evaluation indicators' weights. This approach provides a scientific framework for balancing preservation and reuse, ensuring historical integrity while supporting sustainable urban development. The findings validate minimal intervention as the optimal strategy for this UNESCO World Heritage Site, offering a model for similar contexts globally.

Mining Heritage: Characteristics. Value. Potential. Romanian Tradition and European Experience

Las Médulas — 2026 — WHEAFA726CF3C

A comparative analysis of mining heritage sites reveals key similarities and potential for adaptive reuse, offering valuable insights for preservation and community integration. The study identifies invariants linking underground and aboveground features across different raw materials, while also highlighting unique patterns specific to each extraction type. Drawing on international examples—such as Las Médulas in Spain, Sardinia’s metal mines, and Belgium’s Genk region—the research proposes strategies for transforming abandoned sites into cultural or tourist attractions. Romanian mining sites, including the Bucium gold galleries and Anina coal mine, serve as case studies, demonstrating parallels with European counterparts. The paper advocates for a shared database to support sustainable preservation and landscape integration.

Mining sacred nature: Extractivism and constrained agency in Kenya's sacred forests

Sacred Mijikenda Kaya Forests — 2026 — WHE0ACCE471E1

Structural power, manifested through land dispossession and extractive practices by mining companies and the state, significantly constrains the agency of local communities in Kenya's Sacred Mijikenda Kaya Forests. This constraint negatively impacts collective action norms, resource access, and the capacity to resist extractivism and state interference. The study identifies six interconnected domains—historical, social, cultural, economic, political, and psychological—that shape these constraints, ultimately influencing community motivation and ability to achieve desirable outcomes. Using a case study approach, the research highlights the complex interplay between culture, society, and nature in the face of extractive pressures.

Missale Strigoniense 1512: prameň gregoriánskeho chorálu v kontexte Levočskej zbierky hudobnín

Levoča, Spišský Hrad and the Associated Cultural Monuments — 2026 — WHEC469B7DA83

The Missale Strigoniense, a 16th-century liturgical manuscript from the Levoča Lutheran Music Collection, emerges as a significant yet understudied source for Gregorian chant in Slovakia and Central Europe. Printed in Venice in 1512 by Urban Keym of Buda and Peter Liechtenstein, this missal preserves a rare repertoire of medieval chants within the Mass tradition. A comprehensive musicological analysis reveals its formal characteristics and contextualizes it within broader liturgical practices, offering new insights into the musical heritage of the region. This study fills a gap in scholarly attention to the manuscript, providing a detailed examination of its contents and significance.

Mixed-Stock Composition Analyses Suggest Michoacán and Revillagigedo as the Principal Sources of Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Foraging Grounds Populations in the Baja California Peninsula

Archipiélago de Revillagigedo — 2026 — WHE2050275976

Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) foraging populations in the Baja California peninsula, Mexico, primarily originate from nesting sites in the Eastern Pacific, specifically the Revillagigedo Islands and Michoacán coast. A two-year study analyzed mitochondrial DNA from turtles at Bahía de Los Ángeles (BLA) and Complejo Lagunar Ojo de Liebre (CLOL), revealing that both source populations contribute equally to these foraging grounds (Bayes Factor <1.9). This finding highlights the importance of protecting critical nesting areas in Revillagigedo to safeguard these endangered turtles' migratory pathways.

Mobilidade da população de origem europeia na América Portuguesa no século XVII: povoamento, negócios e conflitos armados

Historic Centre of the Town of Olinda — 2026 — WHECF12BAC1AA

Portuguese mobility in 17th-century America was driven by strategic movements for land acquisition, trade, and conflict, with key hubs like Salvador da Bahia, Olinda, Recife, and Belém serving as both arrival points and launchpads for inland expansion. Using inquisitorial trials, the study reveals how the sugar industry, religion, and armed conflicts shaped population displacement between captaincies, illustrating the complex interplay of economic and social factors during this period.

Mobilizing International Resources for the Conservation of My Son Heritage in Vietnam

My Son Sanctuary — 2026 — WHE03963FEBF4

My Son Sanctuary, an ancient Champa temple complex and UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site, faces significant deterioration due to environmental factors and human activity. This study highlights the effectiveness of international collaboration in addressing its conservation challenges. By analyzing projects involving partnerships between Vietnam and countries like Poland, Italy, India, as well as the World Heritage Fund under UNESCO, researchers demonstrate how such cooperation can mobilize critical resources for heritage preservation. The findings underscore the importance of these initiatives in safeguarding My Son Sanctuary, contributing to global efforts in protecting humanity's shared cultural legacy. This work serves as a valuable resource for both domestic and international stakeholders invested in preserving this significant site.

Modeling Humus Stocks and Introducing a Saturation Coefficient to Assess Soil Organic Carbon Capacity in Forest Soils of the Sheki-Zagatala Region, Azerbaijan

Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace — 2026 — WHE2596F12ED9

A novel saturation coefficient, representing the ratio of actual to maximum theoretically attainable humus content based on cation exchange capacity (CEC) or clay content, was introduced to assess soil organic carbon capacity. This coefficient revealed significant variability linked to soil type, forest composition, and land-use history, averaging 0.33-0.34 across all soils studied in the Sheki-Zagatala region of Azerbaijan. The study also demonstrated that humus content decreases exponentially with depth, accurately described by a specific mathematical model (Y = α × e-ß×10⁻²×(X -3)). Humus reserves in the 0-20cm layer averaged 95.1±2.7t/ha, with notable differences among soil types such as leached kastanozems and sodpodzolic soils. The integration of empirical models, the saturation coefficient, and GIS mapping provides a robust toolset for evaluating humus dynamics, guiding reforestation efforts, and improving regional carbon inventories.

Modeling Tourist Affinities and Mediated Loyalty in Protected Natural Areas Using Fuzzy Logic

Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve — 2026 — WHEC373020F92

A novel application of fuzzy logic reveals that tourist loyalty in the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve is indirectly shaped by affinity-based visitor structures, with significant forgotten effects (up to 0.30) acting as mediating mechanisms between satisfaction, entertainment, relaxation, learning, perceived value, and revisit intention. The study identifies Generation X and postgraduate education levels as key factors polarizing visitor perceptions, challenging conventional models that assume direct loyalty construction. This research underscores the potential of fuzzy logic for strategic management in high-value ecological destinations, advocating for environmental edutainment models and diversified marketing tailored to differentiated visitor profiles.

Modelling of the Valley of Flowers National Park, a World Heritage Site, by Additive Manufacturing

Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks — 2026 — WHEED8073C8CA

A groundbreaking methodology for creating 3D models of the Valley of Flowers National Park (VOFNP) has been developed using additive manufacturing. This innovative approach converts DEM data into 3D STL files, enabling the creation of detailed and accurate scaled-down models. These models serve as powerful tools for communication among stakeholders and facilitate long-term conservation monitoring. The study highlights the potential of additive manufacturing in preserving and studying this globally significant natural heritage site, which faces threats from religious tourism and population pressure.

Modular and adaptive implementation of Semantic Segmentation Models for Satellite Images and Open Source tools suitable for complex geographical contexts

Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay — 2026 — WHE105BDB8321

A modular, open-source framework for semantic segmentation of satellite images demonstrates that simple deep learning models can outperform complex ones when applied to small, imbalanced datasets like those found in coastal wetlands. The framework, which bridges Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Deep Learning (DL), integrates QGIS for spatial preprocessing with Python-based training pipelines, making advanced segmentation accessible to non-specialists. Key innovations include hybrid loss functions with dynamic class weighting and spectral-consistent data augmentation, which mitigate class imbalance—a persistent challenge in ecological detection. Case studies on the Crozon Peninsula and Mont-Saint-Michel Bay highlight its efficacy in multi-class land cover classification and binary salt marsh detection using modest computational resources, promoting sustainable AI applications in environmental monitoring.

Modular Symmetry and Cognitive Erasure: Reassessing Procedural Interpretation in the Bhimbetka Cross-Form Grids

Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka — 2026 — WHE74130B544D

A groundbreaking analysis of geometric grids in the rock art of Bhimbetka challenges conventional symbolic interpretations, revealing structural evidence for procedural abstraction in early South Asian cultures. By applying modular symmetry mapping and stochastic simulation to two cross-form grid compositions, researchers demonstrate that these designs exhibit architectural capacity for rule-governed multi-agent systems, suggesting a functional, possibly ludic purpose rather than purely symbolic meaning. The study highlights the potential marginalization of operational cognition when geometric forms are prematurely assigned symbolic significance, advocating for a methodological shift that prioritizes structural diagnostics before attributing meaning.

Molecular detection and characterisation of Theileria parva and other Theileria species in cattle-associated ticks from southern Mozambique

iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park — 2026 — WHE3B2FD19E46

A study investigating tick-borne protozoa in southern Mozambique confirms the presence of Theileria parva, a pathogen responsible for East Coast fever (ECF), in local cattle-associated ticks. Researchers analyzed 326 ticks from six farms, identifying four species: Rhipicephalus microplus, R. evertsi, Amblyomma hebraeum, and R. appendiculatus. Molecular screening detected T. parva in 11 ticks, with phylogenetic analysis revealing low genetic diversity among isolates, except for one divergent isolate found in A. hebraeum. Additionally, Theileria velifera was identified in a single specimen. These findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance to monitor the spread and impact of these pathogens on cattle production in the region.

Molecular Phylogeny of Tiny Land Snails From the Family Punctidae (Stylommatopohora, Punctoidea) in Australia

Lord Howe Island Group — 2026 — WHED320357168

A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Australian punctid snails reveals a rapid diversification event on the mainland around 5.5 million years ago, with basal groups comprising taxa from Tasmania, New Zealand, Macquarie Island, Lord Howe Island, and Norfolk Island. The study, utilizing mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (ELAVI8, ITS2) markers, demonstrates that several genera are junior synonyms of Paralaoma, including Gratilaoma, Iotula, Laomavix, Miselaoma, Pseudiotula, Tescilaoma, Trocholaoma, and Westralaoma. Additionally, it clarifies the taxonomic placement of Pasmaditta jungermanniae, Pedicamista sp. ‘Bull Hill’, and Trocholaoma spiceri as part of Cystopeltidae, while Norfolk Island charopids Norfolcioconcha, Penescosta, Cryptocharopa, and Frustropa are shown to belong to Punctidae. Morphological data supported these findings, with shell dimensions analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test.

Monitoring Seasonal Deformation and Geohazard Impacts on Historical Masonry Structures of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra

Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra — 2026 — WHE1B49A88448

Seasonal climatic changes, particularly winter snow accumulation and spring groundwater rises, significantly accelerate deformation and structural degradation in the historical masonry of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Long-term monitoring (2010–2025) using gypsum beacons, engineering inspections, and hydrogeological observations revealed that anomalous weather conditions exacerbate these processes, with slope zones showing heightened vulnerability to vertical cracks, plaster detachment, and biological damage. The study underscores the critical role of climate variability in geohazard impacts on cultural heritage, emphasizing the need for integrated monitoring systems, digital data platforms, and preventive engineering measures to preserve authenticity and durability.

Monitoring the Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Forest Gaps and Health in the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Western Uganda

Rwenzori Mountains National Park — 2026 — WHE3B8D24DCB8

Research reveals that forest gaps in the Rwenzori Mountains National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Uganda, have exhibited significant spatio-temporal variability from 2013 to 2025. The study found non-linear patterns of disturbance, with gap sizes peaking at 1,421.49 hectares between 2015 and 2019, followed by reductions and a sharp resurgence in 2025 (1,381.1 hectares). Vegetation health declined notably in 2017 and 2025, likely due to illegal logging, fire, landslides, and climate stressors, while canopy density also fluctuated, declining significantly by 2025. Multiple linear regression analysis explained 97.2% of canopy density variation, highlighting the strong positive effects of NDVI, EVI, elevation, slope, and rainfall, whereas temperature negatively influenced canopy density. The findings underscore that forest gap formation is driven by both natural and anthropogenic pressures, necessitating enhanced monitoring, stricter conservation policies, and elevation-sensitive forest management to prevent long-term degradation in this ecologically sensitive montane ecosystem.

Monolithic Jinas: The Iconography and Architectural Importance of the Jain Temples at Ellora

Ellora Caves — 2026 — WHE37F21DEC47

The Jain temples at Ellora, carved monolithically from basalt during the 9th century CE under Rashtrakuta rule, represent a unique architectural and iconographic system that embodies core Jain values. Unlike conventional construction, these temples were revealed from within the mountain using a top-down method, with every element—pillars, walls, ceilings, and statues—serving a spiritual purpose rather than mere decoration. A notable focus is on the Indra Sabha and Jagannath Sabha caves, where architectural design and statuary collectively form a 'physical sermon in stone,' teaching detachment, purity, equality, and inward spirituality. This study breaks new ground by demonstrating that architecture and iconography at Ellora are not just illustrative but functionally integrated to convey Jain philosophy, offering a deeper understanding of their significance beyond historical documentation.

Monte Albán Archaeological Site: Research Synthesis

Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán — 2026 — WHE55CC8110D8

Monte Albán, a pre-Columbian archaeological site founded by the Zapotecs around 500 BCE, reveals significant insights into early state formation and urban planning. The site's deliberate transformation of a mountain ridge into a 'disembedded capital' showcases strategic political maneuvering, with its Main Plaza and extensive residential terraces reflecting sophisticated engineering and spatial organization. Research synthesizes the site's development across five chronological phases (Monte Albán I–V), examining monumental architecture, tribute systems, water management, and sacred geography. Notable findings include the Danzantes reliefs, Zapotec writing and epigraphy, and the Postclassic reuse of Tomb 7, alongside its complex interactions with Teotihuacan. The study also addresses conservation challenges and heritage management, preserving a comprehensive photographic archive (Version 3.0) for future research.

More Than Just A Building: Regenerating the Chateau Tongariro.

Tongariro National Park — 2026 — WHEB9CAC77174

Adaptive reuse offers a viable strategy for revitalizing heritage buildings, such as the Chateau Tongariro, to address economic, cultural, and social challenges while preserving their historical significance. This study demonstrates that by integrating contemporary functions—such as accommodation, wellness facilities, and community spaces—with cultural considerations, at-risk landmarks can be transformed into resilient, multi-purpose hubs. The research proposes a design framework prioritizing heritage, cultural visibility, and decolonization, which could serve as a model for heritage-led regeneration in Aotearoa New Zealand. By balancing historical preservation with modern needs, the Chateau Tongariro's adaptive transformation showcases potential to strengthen regional tourism, reinforce community identity, and sustain the cultural values of Tongariro National Park.

Morphology of the Belize barrier reef as indicator for Atlantic sea-level changes during the last glacial cycle

Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System — 2026 — WHE5DD9338D3C

High-resolution bathymetric data of the Belize Barrier Reef reveals distinct paleo-sea-level positions, offering a detailed record of Atlantic sea-level changes during the last glacial cycle. The study identifies laterally persistent elevation clusters along ridge-crest lineaments and reef-wall notches, indicating periods of stable or slow sea-level change—such as a possible stillstand near ~20 m water depth during the early Holocene and prolonged late Pleistocene stillstands at ~80–105 m preceding the Last Glacial Maximum. The absence of vertical offsets between sectors suggests negligible neotectonic deformation, reinforcing the reef's role as a reliable archive for reconstructing late Quaternary sea-level dynamics.