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Showing 17141 – 17160 of 30345 publications

Parthian Ashur as a Possible Pilgrim Hub in Light of Architecture and Aramaic Epigraphy

Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) — 2019 — WHE1399C78D4D

Archaeological evidence from Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) suggests that the site may have functioned as a significant pilgrim hub during the Parthian period. This hypothesis is supported by architectural features and Aramaic inscriptions, which indicate a structured approach to religious tourism or pilgrimage. The study analyzes inscriptions and architectural elements to reconstruct the site's role in regional religious practices, providing insights into the social and cultural dynamics of the time.

Parthian Burials in the Hamedan City, Western Iran

Hegmataneh — 2019 — WHE9C71BAD102

Archaeological excavations at Tepe Hegmataneh in Hamedan, western Iran, have uncovered 14 Parthian burial sites, revealing diverse burial practices. These include both coffin and non-coffin burials, with the latter being simple dug graves or pits, often associated with the Stone Lion cemetery. Coffin burials feature clay caskets shaped like boats, humanoid forms, or rectangular stone coffins, most of which are empty. Burials are oriented northeast-southwest, with skeletons positioned in open arched postures facing right, left, or straight, covered by thin stone slabs. Notably, many of these burials were discovered accidentally during construction, highlighting the potential for further archaeological insights in Hamedan's historical landscape.

Participatory Design of a Monitoring Protocol for the Small-Scale Fisheries at the Community of Tarituba, Paraty, RJ, Brazil

Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity — 2019 — WHE20067CBEC4

A participatory monitoring protocol for small-scale fisheries in Tarituba, Brazil, revealed the potential of integrating fishers' knowledge with scientific approaches to address socioecological sustainability challenges. The study employed SocMon, a pioneering method that improved communication between fishers and managers, reinforcing legitimacy through community involvement. However, delays in implementing agreed-upon terms led to frustration and mistrust among fishers, highlighting critical barriers to long-term engagement. This research underscores the importance of timely action and sustained collaboration in balancing conservation goals with local livelihoods within protected areas.

Partnerships and understanding between Kazakh pastoralists and golden eagles of the Altai mountains : a multi-species ethnography

Golden Mountains of Altai — 2019 — WHE3002FB3DE7

A unique interspecies partnership between Kazakh pastoralists and golden eagles in the Altai Mountains reveals a model of co-domesticity, where eagles are temporarily integrated into human domestic life without hierarchical dominance. This study demonstrates that deep ethno-ornithological knowledge and mutual agency enable Kazakhs to cultivate relationships with eagles, mirroring their interactions with other livestock. The research highlights parallels in migration patterns and landscape use between eagles and pastoralists, challenging human exceptionalism by emphasizing interspecies communication as a means of understanding the world. The study employs multi-species ethnography to explore apprenticeship dynamics, where both humans and eagles engage in reciprocal learning, offering insights into non-dominant human-animal relationships.

Patrimonio oral vivo frente a patrimonio material convaleciente

Palmeral of Elche — 2019 — WHE41C6DB3F8F

A study comparing the perception and management of two distinct types of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Elche—an intangible heritage (Misterio de Elche) and a material one (Palmeral)—reveals that community perception significantly influences preservation efforts. While the intangible heritage thrives due to its dynamic nature, the Palmeral's permanence risks losing authenticity when adapted to meet community expectations. This research highlights the tension between maintaining originality and aligning with societal values in heritage conservation.

Patrimonio sin dolientes: valor y uso del patrimonio. El caso del Museo Cultural de Arte Religioso de Mompox

Historic Centre of Santa Cruz de Mompox — 2019 — WHE20730BF250

A critical examination of the Museo Cultural de Arte Religioso de Mompox reveals that its collection, while showcasing the splendor of Mompox's goldsmithing tradition, lacks 'dolientes'—mourners or figures representing the dead—which are integral to its cultural significance. This oversight highlights the selective and often exclusionary nature of patrimonialization processes, raising questions about the values and uses attributed to heritage. The study, conducted between 2012 and 2014 through unstructured interviews, field observations, and analysis of the museum's collection, challenges conventional narratives by exposing how certain elements of cultural heritage are marginalized or forgotten in the name of preservation.

Patriotism and pageantry: representations of Britain’s naval past at the Greenwich Night Pageant, 1933

Maritime Greenwich — 2019 — WHED25E855776

Historical representations of Britain's naval past at the Greenwich Night Pageant (1933) revealed how romanticized narratives were employed to counter perceived declines in patriotism during a period of imperial decline. The study, led by historian Arthur Bryant and Admiral Barry Domvile, analyzed archival materials from institutions like the National Maritime Museum and the Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives to demonstrate how naval heritage was strategically used to shape national identity amid pre-WWII geopolitical tensions.

Patterns in Bathyal Demersal Biodiversity and Community Composition Around Archipelagos in the Tropical Eastern Pacific

Archipiélago de Revillagigedo — 2019 — WHE614A6E9AC8

Biodiversity and community composition of bathyal demersal fauna in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) vary significantly with location, influenced by environmental factors such as bathymetry and oxygen concentration. The study, which analyzed data from Clipperton, Galápagos, Revillagigedos, and Malpelo archipelagos using Deep-Ocean Dropcams, found higher biodiversity closer to the equator and continent, with notable differences in fish family richness and invertebrate order diversity among sites. While the Galápagos exhibited the highest fish family biodiversity, Clipperton showed significantly lower values. The Revillagigedos also displayed lower invertebrate biodiversity compared to other locations. Environmental factors like Bathymetric Position Index (BPI) and dissolved oxygen positively correlated with fish diversity metrics. These findings underscore the importance of these archipelagos as stepping-stones for species connectivity across the TEP and wider Pacific, highlighting their critical role in maintaining regional and global biodiversity.

Patterns of Diversity and Distribution of Arboreal Social Bees’ Beehives within Chimpanzees’ Home Range in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic (Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire)

Comoé National Park — 2019 — WHE548AB8F2DF

Research in Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire, reveals that chimpanzees frequently exploit the honey of stingless bees, particularly Meliponula ferruginea, within a forest-savanna mosaic. The study identified five bee species across 16 one-hectare plots in three habitat types: mature forest island (4.2 beehives/ha), secondary forest island (1.9 beehives/ha), and gallery forest (1.1 beehives/ha). Bees nested primarily in Dialium guineense trees, with no significant influence of tree diameter or beehive height on chimpanzee exploitation. These findings suggest that bee species diversity may play a critical role in the survival of chimpanzees in such landscapes.

Peculiarities of the Ensemble Construction’s Formation of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra (the 2nd half XVII–XVIII Centuries)

Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra — 2019 — WHEDE3190EA09

The Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra's architectural ensemble, particularly during the second half of the 17th to 18th centuries, exhibited a distinctive pattern of development characterized by the strategic placement of temples and monastery buildings on high riverbanks. This approach maximized the interaction between architecture and natural terrain, creating expressive and hierarchical layouts. The Assumption Cathedral and the Great Bell Tower were positioned at the highest point, surrounded by less prominent structures, establishing a clear Orthodox hierarchy. The study employed historical analysis, comparative methods, and synthesis to comprehensively analyze the stone building's evolution, identifying its unique features and patterns.

Perceptions of Multiple Stakeholders about Environmental Issues at a Nature-Based Tourism Destination: The Case of Yakushima Island, Japan

Yakushima — 2019 — WHE3C1E7F657D

Yakushima Island, Japan, faces complex environmental challenges due to rising tourism and deer population management. Stakeholders, including residents, tourism practitioners, and management authorities, perceive increased trash as the most significant environmental impact of tourism. However, views on deer populations vary: while authorities aim to control overpopulation to protect vegetation, tour guides report a decline in deer sightings, which disappoints tourists expecting to encounter them. This study highlights the intricate relationship between tourism demands, environmental conservation, and stakeholder perceptions, emphasizing the need for balanced management strategies that address both ecological and experiential concerns.

Perceptions, attitudes and practices towards scabies in communities on the Bijagós Islands, Guinea-Bissau

Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago – Omatí Minhô — 2019 — WHE4C050E1F08

A study reveals that while communities in the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, exhibit satisfactory awareness of scabies—a neglected tropical disease—misconceptions about its causation and transmission persist. Personal hygiene is often misconstrued as the primary preventive measure, despite some recognition of early treatment's role in curbing spread. Treatment choices are primarily influenced by cost, leading to delayed care due to poverty and stigmatization, which further impairs quality of life by affecting social interactions, health, and school attendance. The research employed mixed-methods, combining key informant interviews with a community questionnaire, followed by thematic analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Findings underscore the need for improved education, affordable treatment access, and integrated control programs to address these challenges effectively.

Perforocycloides nathalieae new genus and species, an unusual Silurian cyclocystoid (Echinodermata) from Anticosti Island, Québec, Canada

Anticosti — 2019 — WHE5D48245283

Researchers have identified Perforocycloides nathalieae, a new genus and species of cyclocystoid, a rare and poorly understood class of echinoderms, from the early Silurian period on Anticosti Island in Québec, Canada. This discovery marks the first articulated cyclocystoid found in North America during this geological timeframe. The specimen is distinguished by its unique dorsal intermarginal sutural pores and canals, which suggest a novel communication system between the dorsal disc and ventral marginals/cupules. Comparative analysis indicates that Perforocycloides closely resembles Zygocycloides, hinting at greater Silurian diversity than previously thought. The study also highlights significant gaps in global knowledge of cyclocystoid distribution, particularly within Gondwana regions and Přidolí strata.

Phenology of the Pacific Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in Coastal Waters of Wrangel Island: The Impact of the Sea Ice Dynamics

Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve — 2019 — WHEEA3A442D21

A significant correlation exists between the phenological events of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and sea ice dynamics around Wrangel Island, suggesting that phenological dates can serve as indicators for monitoring habitat changes in this subspecies' northwestern distribution range. The study, based on observations from 1989 to 1998, found that the feeding period lasted between 79 to 100 days and terrestrial haulouts were used every 1.6–2 years, with walruses spending 33 to 52% of their presence period ashore. These findings highlight the sensitivity of walrus behavior to sea ice conditions, providing critical insights for conservation efforts in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Photogrammetric Solutions for 3D Modeling of Cultural Heritage Sites in Remote Areas

Tchogha Zanbil — 2019 — WHEDDAF9FA22B

A breakthrough in photogrammetry demonstrates that non-metric digital cameras and UAVs can produce highly accurate 3D models of remote cultural heritage sites, including UNESCO World Heritage Site Tchogha Zanbil. This study shows that Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry, when applied to both aerial and terrestrial images, generates detailed point clouds at minimal cost. By comparing four distinct point clouds derived from oblique and nadir UAV photos alongside terrestrial images, researchers highlight the potential of this method for comprehensive documentation, conservation, and dissemination of cultural heritage in challenging environments.

Photogrammetry: methods of survey and applications on restoration works

Monastery of Alcobaça — 2019 — WHEBD8ED837FB

Photogrammetry emerges as a transformative tool in heritage conservation, offering significant advantages over traditional survey methods. This study demonstrates its efficiency in reducing field and office work hours while providing flexible, high-precision restitution tailored to project needs. Single-image photogrammetry proved ideal for flat elements like facades, while stereophotogrammetry enabled detailed diagnostic observations of construction anomalies during the restoration of Jerónimos Monastery's vaults. Multiple-image photogrammetry, generating dense 3D models, became the preferred method for recent projects, including the Alcobaça Monastery church facade and São Miguel-o-Anjo lighthouse in Porto, facilitating precise anomaly mapping to support conservation efforts.

Photogrammetry: Methods of Survey and Applications on Restoration Works

Monastery of Alcobaça — 2019 — WHE45A07FFD72

Photogrammetry emerges as a transformative tool in restoration projects, offering significant advantages over traditional survey methods. This study demonstrates that photogrammetric techniques—ranging from single-image to multiple-image photogrammetry—substantially reduce field and office working hours while providing restitution with varying degrees of detail and precision. Single-image photogrammetry is particularly effective for flat elements like facades, whereas stereophotogrammetry excels in detailed diagnostic observations due to its stereoscopic vision capabilities. Multiple-image photogrammetry, which generates dense 3D point clouds, is increasingly adopted for heritage documentation and three-dimensional visualization. Applied to the church facade of the Monastery of Alcobaça and other sites like the São Miguel – o - Anjo lighthouse in Porto, these methods enable detailed mapping crucial for anomaly diagnosis and conservation projects.

Physical and Mechanical Specificities of “Tenelija” Stone

Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar — 2019 — WHE078B1149B4

The stone 'Tenelija,' an oolitic limestone, exhibits unique physical and mechanical properties that have enabled its use in historic constructions, including the iconic Old Bridge in Mostar. Despite its low uniaxial compression strength, high porosity, and significant water influence on strength, structures built with this stone have endured for centuries. Laboratory testing of samples revealed these characteristics, with analysis showing correlations between different properties. This study highlights the resilience of 'Tenelija' stone, offering insights into its durability despite inherent weaknesses.

Physical Changes in World Heritage Sites under the Pressure of Tourism: The Case of Cumalıkızık Village in Bursa

Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire — 2019 — WHEBC18032D9E

Tourism is altering the physical fabric of Cumalıkızık Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site representing the rural-urban dynamics of the Early Ottoman Empire. Research shows that increasing tourism has led to commercial adaptations in traditional houses along key sightseeing routes, threatening their authenticity and sustainability. The study analyzed three historic dwellings—selected for their prominence on the main tourist path—revealing interventions such as modifications to courtyards and facades, often driven by owner-led efforts to capitalize on visitor interest. These changes, while enhancing economic viability, risk compromising the village's cultural integrity, posing challenges for preservation in World Heritage contexts.

Physicochemical and Functional Characterization of Potato Starch (Solanum Tuberosum ssp. Andigenum) from the Quebrada De Humahuaca, Argentina

Quebrada de Humahuaca — 2019 — WHEF670F4C2C4

Research on 16 Andean potato genotypes from the Quebrada de Humahuaca, Argentina, reveals distinct starch properties that enable tailored applications. Four genotype groups emerged: one with high gelatinization temperatures suitable for high-temperature processing; another with superior water retention ideal for moisture-sensitive products; a third with elevated amylose content, enhancing mechanical properties for edible films; and a final group exhibiting stability and low syneresis, making it viable for refrigeration and freezing. The study analyzed key physicochemical traits—including moisture, protein, ash, phosphorus, particle size, swelling power, thermal properties, and gelatinization—using principal component analysis to classify genotypes. These findings bridge traditional Andean agriculture with modern food and non-food product development, offering a resource for cultivating potatoes with specialized starch characteristics.