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Bringing the Community Back: A Case Study of the Post-Earthquake Heritage Restoration in Kathmandu Valley

Kathmandu Valley — 2018 — WHE1789EBF1DB

Post-earthquake heritage restoration in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, reveals that integrating traditional community practices with modern heritage management can foster inclusive and sustainable conservation. The study highlights how reinterpreted local traditions, rooted in the commons-based approach, offer a resilient framework for protecting vulnerable monuments while addressing the challenges of national heritage systems. By analyzing post-disaster case studies and reviewing existing literature, researchers demonstrate that such collaborative models enhance cultural identity, support tourism, and ensure long-term preservation. This emerging management system bridges gaps between top-down policies and grassroots participation, providing a scalable solution for UNESCO World Heritage Sites facing similar vulnerabilities.

Buddhist Learning in South Asia

Archaeological Site of Nalanda Mahavihara at Nalanda, Bihar — 2018 — WHEEDC5E36E56

Contrary to nationalist narratives, Sri Nalanda Mahavihara was fundamentally a Buddhist monastery and institution of learning, not merely an international university. This interdisciplinary study challenges conventional perceptions by analyzing its educational curricula, pedagogy, teachers, and students, while emphasizing its role in the study and promotion of Buddhism. Through detailed historical and academic analysis, the research reveals Nalanda's structured management, academic life, and religious influence, providing a nuanced understanding of its significance in South Asian Buddhist learning.

Building for England: John Cosin’s Architecture in Renaissance Durham and Cambridge, by Adrian Green

Durham Castle and Cathedral — 2018 — WHE59AA20FDFB

John Cosin's architectural patronage in Renaissance Durham and Cambridge, detailed by Adrian Green, showcases his significant impact on both civic and ecclesiastical architecture. Cosin, a prebend of Durham Cathedral and Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge, transformed the city of Durham through his building campaigns, including the remodeling of Durham Castle and Guildhall, as well as the creation of Cosin's Library. His work, often in collaboration with local craftsmen and using pattern-book designs, contrasted sharply with the grand but unrealized plans for Cambridge's ceremonial center under the Duke of Buckingham. Despite facing controversy—such as his decoration of Peterhouse Chapel, which led to his exile in Paris—Cosin's architectural zeal persisted post-Restoration, leaving a lasting legacy on Durham's landscape. The study highlights Cosin's role in blending vernacular forms with antiquarian ceremonialism, marking him as a pivotal figure in England's architectural history.

Building Materials, Ionizing Radiation and HBIM: A Case Study from Pompei (Italy)

Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata — 2018 — WHE214D9F019B

A novel approach to heritage conservation integrates ionizing radiation analysis with digital documentation techniques, revealing the biological risks posed by igneous building materials prevalent in Southern Italy. The study demonstrates that these materials emit detectable ionizing radiation spectra, which can be mapped non-invasively using false-color imaging derived from HBIM (Historical Building Information Modeling). Focusing on Pompeii’s main square—a high-traffic area with dense historical architecture—the research validates a protocol combining GIS, CIM, and BIM to visualize radiation exposure patterns. This method offers a data-driven strategy for assessing and mitigating stochastic biological effects in heritage sites, bridging geological material analysis with advanced digital modeling.

Burkina Faso. Chirio 2009

Comoé National Park — 2018 — WHEF20E6542C7

A photographic record of the burrowing frog extends its known range in Burkina Faso, pushing it further southwest towards Ivory Coast. This discovery builds on earlier findings by M.-O. Rödel, who first documented the species in 1992 near Ouagadougou and later in Comoé National Park. The observation, made from Karankasso-Vigué pasture grounds with swamps, highlights the frog's presence in a new region, though it remains unrecorded in Mali. This study contributes to the understanding of the species' distribution, leveraging photo voucher evidence to confirm its range expansion.

Bursa’da Çekilen Filmler Üzerinden Kent İmgeleri: 1900-2012 Yılları Arası

Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire — 2018 — WHE4E5B8B43EB

A study analyzing films shot in Bursa between 1900 and 2012 reveals shifts in how the city's imagery has been perceived and utilized over time. During the Yesilcam period (1955-1972), landmarks such as the Atatürk Statue and Green Tomb dominated, while recent TV series (2017-2018) have reintroduced cultural resources from the city center. The research, based on Lynch's image elements—paths, landmarks, nodes, districts, and edges—found that Cumalıkızık became a focal district in later years (1987-2012). Unlike traditional studies relying on individual mind maps, this study used cinema films to map Bursa's evolving urban imagery, highlighting its historical and cultural significance.

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park — 2018 — WHE80F39A7B42

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park stands out as a pioneering site for integrated conservation and development interventions, particularly in the protection of endangered mountain gorillas. Established in 1932 under British colonial rule, its management evolved significantly over time, shifting from a paramilitary approach to one that emphasizes local community involvement due to persistent conflicts. This transformation was influenced by donor agencies and development partners, reflecting a broader global trend in conservation strategies. The park's history underscores the challenges and complexities of balancing ecological preservation with socio-economic development, serving as a case study for similar efforts worldwide.

Calakmul as a Central Place: Isotopic Insights on Urban Maya Mobility and Diet During the First Millennium AD

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2018 — WHEC9C992DFDD

A majority of Calakmul's central population, including two rulers, likely originated locally, as indicated by narrow strontium isotope variations in 22 human and five faunal samples. This isotopic analysis reveals that over two-thirds of the urban Maya residents had local origins during the first millennium AD. Additionally, carbon and nitrogen isotope data confirm a typical Classic Maya diet at the site, with one dynastic individual showing unusually high meat consumption. The study combines radiocarbon dating, collagen and tooth enamel isotope ratios to provide new insights into the mobility and dietary habits of Calakmul's inhabitants, including a potential local origin for a royal occupant.

Calculation of Pollution Indicators and Health Hazards of Heavy Elements in Surface Soils in Samarra City

Samarra Archaeological City — 2018 — WHE3A8BFA66A1

Soil pollution and health risks from heavy metals in Samarra Archaeological City, Iraq, are primarily driven by industrial, agricultural, and military activities. The study found elevated concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) due to industrial pollution, while vanadium (V), bromine (Br), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), and arsenic (As) were linked to agricultural practices. Uranium (U) contamination was attributed to military activity. Health risk assessments revealed that ingestion poses the highest non-carcinogenic hazard for children and adults, particularly from chromium and mercury, while inhalation risks are elevated for manganese (Mn), chromium, and cobalt (Co). Contamination factors and pollutant load indices indicated medium to high soil pollution levels, though carcinogenic risks were deemed low based on average daily dose calculations. These findings underscore the need for targeted remediation efforts in Samarra's archaeological soils.

Calling-Site Preferences of Three Co-occurring Endangered Frog Species on Amami-Oshima Island

Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island — 2018 — WHE604119A3B2

Research on Amami-Oshima Island reveals that three critically endangered frog species—Babina subaspera, Odorrana splendida, and O. amamiensis—exhibit overlapping yet distinct preferences for calling-site conditions. By analyzing 67 stream sites using joint species distribution modeling, the study identified key abiotic (water flow volume, temperature) and biotic factors influencing their habitat selection. Findings suggest that while these frogs co-occur more frequently than random chance due to shared environmental tolerances, interspecific interactions may further shape their distribution patterns. This underscores the need for integrated conservation strategies targeting multiple species in biodiversity hotspots.

Camera traps as a tool for Carnivore conservation in a mosaic of Protected Areas in the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil

Pantanal Conservation Area — 2018 — WHE1DE8534620

Camera trapping revealed the presence of eight carnivore species, including endangered jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the Pantanal wetlands' Amolar Mountain Ridge Network. The study identified distinct activity patterns: jaguars and pumas exhibited cathemeral behavior, while ocelots and crab-eating foxes were primarily nocturnal, and Southern coatis and jaguarundis were diurnal. Despite challenges in detecting scansorial or low-density species like tayras (Eira barbara) and crab-eating raccoons (Procyon cancrivorus), camera trapping proved effective for studying carnivores and their prey in this mosaic of protected areas, providing critical data to inform conservation strategies.

Camera-trapping survey to assess diversity, distribution and photographic capture rate of terrestrial mammals in the aftermath of the ethnopolitical conflict in Manas National Park, Assam, India

Manas Wildlife Sanctuary — 2018 — WHE1611B518E4

A camera-trapping survey conducted in Manas National Park, Assam, India, revealed that despite nearly two decades of ethnopolitical conflict (1990–2010), the park retained a high diversity of terrestrial mammals, with 25 species detected, including 13 threatened ones. The study found significant spatial variation in photographic capture rates, with lower rates for mammalian prey and small felids but higher rates for large carnivores in conflict-affected areas compared to peaceful zones. This suggests that ethno-political conflict influences the distribution of key species, even after its cessation. The survey used 118 trap locations over 6,173 trap-days, accumulating 21,926 photographs. These findings underscore the need for further research on mammalian prey densities and distribution to fully understand the long-term impacts of conflict.

Caminoisation and Cathedrals: replication, the heritagisation of religion, and the spiritualisation of heritage

Durham Castle and Cathedral — 2018 — WHE70D4C078E5

A growing trend of 'Caminoisation' is reshaping pilgrimage practices across Europe, with the Camino de Santiago serving as a model for reimagining and reviving ancient routes or creating new ones. This process introduces key Camino features—such as walking as the preferred mode of pilgrimage, prioritizing the journey over the destination, and adopting material culture like passports and certificates—into diverse contexts, including traditionally Protestant settings like England's cathedrals. Research reveals that this phenomenon is part of a broader shift where religious heritage is being redefined through 'heritagisation,' blending spiritual and cultural elements to enrich pilgrimage experiences. The study highlights how Caminoisation influences the renegotiation of pilgrimage traditions in post-Reformation Anglican contexts, offering insights into the evolving relationship between religion, heritage, and identity.

Caminos aborígenes conectados al Qhapaq Ñan, cuenca del río Chanchán, provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador

Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System — 2018 — WHE29683D8DA8

Aboriginal road networks in the Chanchán River Basin, Ecuador, predate the Inca Qhapaq Ñan and continue to serve local communities through collaborative maintenance. These routes, linked to pre-Hispanic populations like Puñay, Nantza, and Nizag, show evidence of use by the Cañari, Puruha, and Inca peoples, with some paths exhibiting religious significance due to their construction qualities. A notable route connects Cerro Puñay from Nantza, Huigra, and Pagma, while another transversal path between Nantza and Nizag was integrated into the Qhapaq Ñan system by the Incas, facilitating coastal connections. Archaeological and historical studies reveal a layered cultural presence in these pathways.

Campanian Wine For Punic Sicily: Petrographic And Archaeological Studies Of Graeco-Italic Amphorae From Palermo

Archaeological Site of Carthage — 2018 — WHEB159C6BCCA

Archaeological and petrographic analyses of Graeco-Italic amphorae sherds from Palermo, Sicily, reveal the presence of Campanian wine imports in North-Western Sicily as early as the late 4th century BC. The study identified two main production regions: a dominant group linked to the Gulf of Naples/Ischia and another from unidentified coastal sites in Campania or Lazio. Additionally, two amphorae matched raw materials from the Eastern Nebrodi/Calabrian-Peloritani arc, suggesting broader trade connections. These findings highlight the significance of Palermo as a key consumption hub within Carthage's sphere of influence in Western Sicily during this period.

Campuserweiterung der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau — 2018 — WHE538211BF9E

A proposed expansion for the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar aims to enhance the campus's spatial structure while preserving its historical and architectural integrity. The design, centered on the northern part of the university grounds, involves the removal of non-heritage buildings to create an introverted triangular space that balances privacy with openness. Key elements include a new studies center, workshop building, administrative building, and exhibition hall, which collectively redefine the campus's spatial dynamics. This expansion seeks to restore balance between the historical main building and the new structures, creating distinct zones of intimacy while maintaining dialogue with Weimar's cultural heritage. The project integrates modern architectural solutions with the existing UNESCO-listed ensemble, addressing both functional needs and urban context.

Can we Inhabit a Dance? Reflections on Dancing the “Bauhaus Dances” in Dessau 1

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau — 2018 — WHE0CAF0DA7CB

This essay offers a unique performative reflection on the enduring influence of Bauhaus dances, revealing their profound impact on modernist and postmodern dance practices. By engaging directly with the choreography, the authors explore how these dances transcend their historical context to resonate in contemporary performance, drawing parallels with other avant-garde movements such as those influenced by Marcel Duchamp or La Argentina. The study stands out for its experiential approach, blending theoretical discourse with practical execution, and contributes to a broader understanding of Bauhaus's legacy in dance.

Capacities for developing adaptive management strategies: the case of the Calakmul municipality

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2018 — WHE7D53DA69B5

Research on the Calakmul municipality, a biodiversity hotspot and UNESCO World Heritage Site, reveals that while its social network structure offers some advantages for knowledge sharing, it primarily hinders adaptive co-management due to low interaction density between organizations. The study identifies stakeholders involved in natural resource management and evaluates their collaboration networks, highlighting how structural characteristics limit collective learning opportunities. This finding underscores the challenges of achieving effective collaborative action in young institutions with limited traditional knowledge sources, such as Calakmul, where 46% of the population lives in extreme poverty. The research suggests that modifying network structures could enhance adaptive co-management and promote sustainable natural resource strategies.

Capturing, protecting and restoring plant diversity in the UK: RBG Kew and the Millennium Seed Bank

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew — 2018 — WHED0D7BF6BAE

Ex situ seed banking emerges as a vital strategy for preserving and restoring plant diversity, offering scientifically robust solutions to conservation challenges. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (RBG Kew) and its Millennium Seed Bank in the UK exemplify this approach by providing high-quality, genetically diverse seeds of known origin, alongside expert data and facilities that overcome barriers in seed collection, production, and use. These resources support single-species recovery, reintroduction efforts, and large-scale habitat restoration. While challenges persist—such as ensuring genetic diversity to adapt to environmental changes—the study underscores the potential for seed banks to mobilize their resources effectively at landscape scales. This work highlights ex situ conservation as a cost-effective complement to in situ efforts, with broad implications for global biodiversity preservation.

Caracterização de Atributos do Solo de Trilhas Ecoturísticas em Unidades de Conservação do Município de Paraty (RJ)

Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity — 2018 — WHEF0B8EE3FB4

A study on the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Paraty and Ilha Grande (Brazil) reveals that ecotourism trails, particularly those with straight alignments, can significantly accelerate soil erosion and degradation in tropical moist environments. Researchers analyzed two trails in the Reserva Ecológica da Juatinga (REJ) and Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (PNSB), finding that most erosive features emerged post-implementation due to factors like vegetation removal and slope steepness. Soil properties, including texture, density, and organic matter content, were critical in determining trail difficulty—high fine particle concentrations (areia fina + silte >45%) correlated with medium (PNSB) and high (REJ) difficulty levels. The study underscores the need for careful planning to mitigate ecological impacts of ecotourism.