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Showing 19001 – 19020 of 30345 publications

Rives euro-méditerranéennes et entrelacs musicologiques : la francophonie et l'apport de l'Autre

Village of Sidi Bou Saïd — 2018 — WHE7EB552B02E

This study highlights the profound impact of cross-Mediterranean human exchanges on the development of musicology, particularly through francophone networks. It reveals how collaborative relationships between French and Tunisian scholars, such as Mahmoud Guettat and Mohamed Zinelabidine, shaped academic institutions like the Institut Supérieur de Musique de Tunis and fostered bilateral partnerships. The research emphasizes that these interactions were reciprocal, enriching both the quest for knowledge in the Global South and the transmission of expertise in the Global North. By tracing historical encounters at UNESCO World Heritage Site Sidi Bou Saïd's Palais Ennejma Ezzahra, the study demonstrates how music served as a bridge uniting diverse Mediterranean cultures—French, Tunisian, Syrian, and Lebanese—through shared intellectual and linguistic frameworks. The findings underscore the role of francophonie in facilitating cultural exchange, academic collaboration, and the co-construction of musicological thought.

Robert Owen's Experiment at New Lanark: From Paternalism to Socialism

New Lanark — 2018 — WHE395024E48C

Ophélie Siméon's study challenges the dominant narrative of Robert Owen's role at New Lanark, revealing that the factory village was not merely a passive recipient of his reformist ideas but an active 'laboratory' where his socialist principles were developed and refined. Through meticulous archival analysis, she demonstrates that key elements of Owenite socialism—such as labor notes and committee representation systems—emerged from practices already in place at New Lanark before Owen's tenure. Siméon also highlights the contributions of David Dale, Owen's father-in-law, and the tensions between Owen's paternalistic management style and worker resistance, which foreshadowed later failures in his utopian experiments. Her work demythologizes New Lanark while acknowledging Owen's transformative impact, offering a nuanced perspective on the origins of British socialism.

Rock types characteristics of Prambanan and Sambisari Temples, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia

Prambanan Temple Compounds — 2018 — WHE43C85DA67D

Prambanan and Sambisari temples, built between the 8th to 10th centuries in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, are constructed primarily from hornblende-pyroxene andesite and pyroxene basalt, with Sambisari also featuring pumice breccia. These rock types are geochemically similar to those found around Merapi volcano (Quaternary) and the Semilir Formation (Tertiary), suggesting local volcanic sources. Petrographic analysis revealed porphyritic textures in andesite, with phenocrysts of plagioclase, hornblende, pyroxene, and opaque minerals, while pumice breccia exhibited moderate sorting and vesicular clasts. Oxidation and weathering, indicated by secondary iron oxides, are attributed to the tropical climate and original vesicular nature of the lava. This study provides insights into the geological origins and durability challenges of these UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Rock-cut tombs and churches in Cappadocia during the Roman and Byzantine periods. The analysis of chaînes opératoires to understand the economy and sociology of the building sites

Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia — 2018 — WHE1896041192

Rock-cut tombs and churches in Cappadocia, dating to the Roman and Byzantine periods, reveal that their construction required specialized professional skills, challenging the assumption that monks were solely responsible for their creation. Analysis of chaînes opératoires—technical processes and tool marks on soft volcanic ignimbrite—shows complex rock-cutting techniques, suggesting a more organized and skilled workforce than previously thought. This study sheds light on the economy and sociology of these sites, questioning long-held hypotheses about their construction methods. By examining the evolution of techniques and landscape modifications, it also provides insights into why such monuments became widespread only in the medieval period, addressing historical questions like the origin of the 'Troglodyte' appellation for Cappadocia.

Rodents of the eastern and western slopes of the Tropical Andes: phylogenetic and taxonomic insights using DNA barcodes

Sangay National Park — 2018 — WHEE1E195A92D

A groundbreaking study using DNA barcoding reveals that the eastern and western slopes of the Tropical Andes, particularly within Sangay National Park and Otonga, harbor distinct rodent species with minimal overlap. Only one species, Microryzomys minutus, was found to be shared between these regions, challenging current distribution assumptions for Akodon mollis and Chilomys instans, which may represent separate species. The research also suggests that Mesomys populations on the eastern slopes are genetically consistent with those in the Ecuadorian Amazon, indicating a single species. Additionally, it highlights potential new species within Mindomys and Nephelomys genera, emphasizing the need for further taxonomic research. This study underscores the Andes' biodiversity hotspot status and provides critical genetic data to accelerate taxonomic discoveries and understanding of evolutionary patterns.

Role of the Tian Shan Mountains and Pamir Plateau in Increasing Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Precipitation over Interior Asia

Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs) — 2018 — WHE5E2C3D9A02

The Tian Shan Mountains and Pamir Plateau significantly influence precipitation patterns over interior Asia, leading to increased spatiotemporal differentiation. Before their uplift, the east arid subregion experienced consistent spring-winter rainfall peaks, similar to the west. Post-uplift, this region shifted to summer-dominated rainfall, while northern regions saw opposite trends. These changes correlate with vertical motion and atmospheric stationary waves, impacting the East Asian monsoon by reducing coastal precipitation due to an anticyclonic circulation and intensifying winter monsoons. Numerical simulations revealed these effects, highlighting the mountains' role in shaping regional climate dynamics.

Romanesque Cathedrals in Northern Italy – building processes between bishop and commune

Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena — 2018 — WHE1830BB4EE0

A shift in cathedral construction dynamics emerged in 11th and 12th century Northern Italy, where the role of bishops diminished due to Church reforms while communes became more prominent. This period saw cathedrals, including those in Modena and Piacenza, being rebuilt during interregnums, indicating a transition where communes—embracing clergy and laity as equal patrons—took on the responsibility for these monumental projects. The process not only redefined relationships between ecclesiastical and secular institutions but also facilitated the establishment of new communal structures and guilds. This study reevaluates the construction of these cathedrals to highlight their role in societal transformation, offering insights into the interplay between power, patronage, and urban development during this pivotal era.

Romanesque Sculpture and Painting

Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments — 2018 — WHE1EC4F49735

Romanesque sculpture and painting, integral to the architecture of medieval buildings, often served as structural elements rather than decorative additions. A notable finding is the prominent depiction of the Crucifixion on the façade of Saint-Gilles-du-Gard, a rare subject in Romanesque art, which may reflect the monastery's stance against heretical movements like that led by Peter of Bruys. This study examines how these artistic elements functioned within their architectural contexts, such as portals and cloisters, highlighting their significance to medieval societies. The research approach involves analyzing sculptural ensembles across sites like Saint-Gilles-du-Gard, Vézelay, Moissac, and Arles, focusing on their integration into building structures rather than superficial attachment.

Romantic Consumption and Heritage Performance in China

Old Town of Lijiang — 2018 — WHED2636A4A09

Heritage tourism in Lijiang shapes cultural values and romantic consumerism by transforming traditional Naxi wedding ceremonies into staged performances for tourists. This study reveals how heritage interacts with social change, influencing individuals' identities through daily practices like tourism and ethnic performance. The research highlights the rise of 'romantic consumerism' in China, driven by a longing for authenticity and tradition, while questioning the true meaning of tradition when it becomes commodified. The approach combines ethnographic observation and analysis of tourist interactions to explore these dynamics.

Root holoparasite Balanophora polyandra Griff. (Balanophoraceae) in eastern Himalaya (Sikkim, India): distribution, range, status and threats

Khangchendzonga National Park — 2018 — WHE50150896B8

A rare root holoparasite, Balanophora polyandra, has been documented for the first time within two protected areas in eastern Himalaya: Khangchendzonga National Park and Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary. This study mapped its distribution across Sikkim using field surveys and herbarium records, revealing a limited range and highlighting significant threats to its populations. The research underscores the vulnerability of this poorly studied genus, which thrives as a parasite on root systems in temperate and tropical Asian regions. By combining empirical data with conservation analysis, the study provides critical insights into the ecological status and preservation needs of B. polyandra, contributing to broader efforts to protect biodiversity in UNESCO-listed sites.

Rotunda of the Senate Building in the Moscow Kremlin: Architectural Graphics and the Iconography of the Project

Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow — 2018 — WHE3BC03BAE6B

A comprehensive analysis of the Senate building's rotunda in the Moscow Kremlin reveals its unique position within Russian and European Enlightenment architecture. The study systematically cataloged architectural drawings, including those from construction and repair phases, providing new insights into the building's design evolution. By comparing the Senate building to notable European and American structures like Dublin's Parliament and Washington's Capitol, as well as unrealized French and Italian projects, researchers established its originality while contextualizing it within broader architectural trends. The closest analogue identified was the Cathedral of St. Blasien in Schwarzwald, highlighting the rotunda's significance in the development of Russian classicism.

RPAS for documentation of Nazca aqueducts

Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa — 2018 — WHE408F7F74A0

Aqueduct systems, known as 'puquíos,' in the Nasca region of Peru provide critical insights into pre-Hispanic engineering and water management. These structures, often hidden in arid landscapes, were likely built to address water scarcity following climatic changes after 400 AD. Some remain functional today, supplying drinking water or irrigation. A study using remote sensing technology, specifically a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS), documented five aqueducts representing diverse construction types and conditions—ranging from well-preserved systems to open trenches with circular or rectangular access holes. The RPAS captured high-resolution orthophotos and digital surface models, revealing the complexity of these structures and their potential for long-term preservation before they disappear. This method offers a non-invasive way to study and map such sites, enhancing our understanding of their historical significance.

Rules for Maldivian Trading Ships Travelling Abroad (1925) and a Sojourn in Southern Ceylon

Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications — 2018 — WHEDEB2A0ECCB

A rare glimpse into Maldivian maritime trade and cultural exchange is revealed through the translation of two 1925 documents: a 12-page manual outlining rules for Maldivian trading ships traveling abroad, primarily to Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka), and a personal account by an elderly Maldivian trader detailing his experiences in Galle. The manual provides unprecedented insights into the logistical and social protocols governing long-distance trade during this period, while the trader's narrative offers vivid descriptions of conditions in Ceylon's harbor and inland towns, as well as accounts of cross-cultural friendships. Together, these documents illuminate the historical significance of Galle as a key hub for Maldivian commerce and cultural interaction, contributing to our understanding of pre-colonial trade dynamics in the Indian Ocean region.

Ruptura e integração: o caso da intervenção do paseo de la brecha no casco fundacional de Colônia do Sacramento, Uruguai

Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento — 2018 — WHEE467FFA618

The intervention of the Paseo de La Brecha in Colonia del Sacramento's Historic Quarter disrupts traditional urban structures while integrating contemporary architecture, creating tension with its UNESCO-listed patrimonial landscape. This study reveals how such interventions impact daily life and cultural tourism within a territory once defined by its strategic military significance during the 17th and 18th centuries. Using bibliographic and iconographic research alongside testimonies from stakeholders, the project examines the broader implications of urban transformations on heritage perception and value.

Saberes e práticas sobre controle do Aedes aegypti por diferentes sujeitos sociais na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia — 2018 — WHE1AFE98D9D0

A study on dengue control in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, reveals significant gaps in knowledge and dissatisfaction among community health workers (CHW) and community endemic disease workers (CEDW). Residents showed uncertainty about transmission and risks of dengue, while field CEDWs expressed frustration due to limited control over the situation and a sense of underappreciation. Mobilization CEDWs blamed the population but emphasized their role in solving the issue. CHWs felt no responsibility for vector control despite their experience. All groups agreed that government action and education are crucial for addressing dengue, highlighting the need for regular educational interventions that engage residents and CHWs effectively to improve community practices.

Sablot (Litsea Glutinosa), Lour Rob., in the Continuing Preservation and Conservation of the Cultural Heritage of Ilocos (Philippines): A Historic and Technical Approach

Historic City of Vigan — 2018 — WHEA7FA3AA330

Research demonstrates that sablot (Litsea glutinosa), a traditional binding material, can serve as a viable substitute for modern cement in preserving historic structures like those in Vigan, Philippines. The study found that sablot paste, when used with sand and lime, achieves comparable compressive strength to contemporary concrete, particularly when soaked for 3–7 days. Historical interviews revealed that sablot was widely used in the construction of Ilocos churches before the introduction of cement in 1824, suggesting its potential for 'genuine' heritage conservation. The research combines historical documentation with experimental testing to validate this indigenous material's structural feasibility, offering a sustainable alternative for preserving UNESCO-listed sites.

Sacred Landscapes, Spiritual Travel: Embodied Holiness and Long-Distance Pilgrimage in the Catholic Reformation

Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain — 2018 — WHEFB9BA04277

Pilgrimage, once thought to have declined after the Protestant Reformation, instead experienced significant growth from the mid-sixteenth century until 1750. This study reveals that long-distance pilgrimages to shrines like Mont Saint-Michel in Normandy and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia were deeply influenced by religious conflict, theological debates, and cultural shifts during the Counter-Reformation. By analyzing autobiographical accounts through phenomenological theory, the research highlights how pilgrims perceived and experienced these landscapes, offering new insights into the broader religious and cultural contexts of the period.

Safeguarding and retrofitting works at the UNESCO World Heritage Site Takht‐e Soleyman, Iran

Takht-e Soleyman — 2018 — WHE5E6C4E4A47

A collaborative effort between the Technical University of Dresden and Iran's cultural heritage organization successfully stabilized the Western Eivan at Takht-e Soleyman, a 6th-century AD fire temple and UNESCO World Heritage Site. The project, supported by Germany’s Federal Foreign Office, employed advanced safeguarding techniques to address structural decay caused by centuries of abandonment and neglect. Preliminary investigations in 2016 laid the groundwork for further stabilization planned for 2018, ensuring the preservation of this historically significant Ilkhanid-era complex.

Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe. Le décor peint de la chapelle axiale (XIe-XIIe siècle)

Abbey Church of Saint-Savin sur Gartempe — 2018 — WHE3083878856

A rare survival of 11th–12th century painted decoration on the axial chapel ceiling at Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe reveals a sophisticated, programmatic use of geometric and vegetal motifs to guide the viewer’s gaze toward the apse. Multispectral imaging and stratigraphic analysis confirm that the scheme was executed in two distinct phases, with later additions carefully integrated into the original composition. This discovery challenges conventional views on Romanesque wall-painting techniques and underscores the site’s role as a transitional prototype for later medieval decorative programs.

Salman Aliyari Babolghani. Taḥrīr-e Īlāmī. Katībeh-ye Dāriūš bozorg dar Bīsotūn [The Elamite Version of Darius the Great’s Inscription at Bisotun. Introduction, Grammar of Achaemenid Elamite, Transliteration, Persian Translation, Comparison with other Versions, Notes and Index]

Bisotun — 2018 — WHEAA3580D6B9

A comprehensive re-evaluation of the Elamite version of Darius the Great's inscription at Bisotun reveals it as a critical yet understudied component of the monument's trilingual texts. Unlike previous analyses, this study provides a more accurate transliteration, Persian translation, and comparative linguistic framework for Achaemenid Elamite, addressing gaps left by earlier works such as those by Grillot-Susini et al. (1993). The research employs a methodical approach, integrating grammatical analysis, cross-version comparisons, and detailed annotations to clarify the inscription's structure and significance within the broader context of ancient Near Eastern epigraphy. This work bridges historical linguistics and archaeology, offering new insights into the political and cultural narratives embedded in Bisotun's inscriptions.