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Le Corbusier y el proyecto para Saint Marie de la Tourette: De la celda al espacio inefable

The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement — 2015 — WHE204A7A79E5

Le Corbusier's Convent of La Tourette exemplifies the fusion of modernist architecture with monastic tradition. This study reveals that its design process was shaped by two coexisting temporal dimensions: the immediate project timeline (1953–1956) and a broader historical context influencing Le Corbusier's lifelong architectural evolution. By analyzing graphic documentation—including redrawn sketches—and written records, researchers uncovered the architect's theoretical idealism, prioritizing conceptual phases over practical construction, as evidenced by his minimal on-site involvement. The thesis also links La Tourette to recurring themes in Le Corbusier's work (e.g., 'cell,' 'organism') through cross-disciplinary revisions of his paintings, writings, and sculptures, positioning it as a pivotal case study for understanding modernist architectural thought.

Le tourisme fluvial et son cimetière d’épaves au seuil du Canal du Midi

Canal du Midi — 2015 — WHE8C1C3F2B16

Abandoned boats, including deteriorating barges and pleasure craft, litter the banks of the Canal du Midi near Agde, creating a visually striking yet problematic 'graveyard' of fluvial tourism detritus. This study highlights the environmental and aesthetic impact of such abandonment, exacerbated by scattered debris and fuel stains, which undermines the canal's cultural heritage value. The research employs observational analysis to document this phenomenon at the canal's entrance, emphasizing its broader implications for sustainable tourism management in UNESCO-listed sites.

Leaky nitrogen cycle in pristine African montane rainforest soil

Nyungwe National Park — 2015 — WHEA3FA09A71E

Pristine African montane rainforests, such as Nyungwe National Park in Rwanda, exhibit a 'leaky' nitrogen (N) cycle characterized by high nitrate leaching losses despite being N-rich. This study, combining field monitoring and an in situ 15N labeling experiment, revealed that the soil N cycle in these forests is open, with mineralized N predominantly nitrified rather than immobilized. Gross immobilization accounted for only 37% of gross mineralization, while plant N uptake was dominated by ammonium (NH4+). These findings confirm similar dynamics observed in other tropical forests globally and provide critical evidence that humid tropical forests sustain bioavailable N loss, contributing to our understanding of soil N cycling in these ecosystems.

Leaping to conclusions: archaeology, gender and digital news media

Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia — 2015 — WHE490EB53EF5

A rare, undisturbed Etruscan tomb from the Doganaccia necropolis near Tarquinia, dated to the late 7th or early 6th century BC, revealed insights into burial practices and grave goods of the period. The discovery, made in 2013, included two individuals—one cremated and one laid out supine—alongside funeral benches typical of Etruscan tombs. While the excavation sparked significant media attention, it also highlighted ongoing issues in archaeological interpretation, particularly regarding gender bias, which persists despite advancements in the field. The study critically examines how digital news media amplifies discoveries while reinforcing problematic interpretative patterns, urging a reevaluation of archaeological responsibility and communication in an era of rapid information dissemination.

Lecanora anakeestiicola(Lecanorales): an unusual new fruticose species from Great Smoky Mountains National Park in eastern North America

Great Smoky Mountains National Park — 2015 — WHEEED716736D

Researchers have identified Lecanora anakeestiicola, a new, sterile, asexually reproducing lichen species from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. This discovery highlights its unique features: a dimorphic thallus with flaccid, ecorticate pseudopodetia and the production of usnic acid alongside zeorin. The study distinguishes this species from similar ones like Lecanora phryganitis (which produces xanthones and has stiff, tangled pseudopodetia) and Leprocaulon americanum and L. quisquiliare (both characterized by erect pseudopodetia with a stiff central cord). The findings are based on morphological analysis of two known populations found on shaded outcrops of the Anakeesta Formation at high elevations in the southern Appalachians.

Legacies of Sectarianism and the Convict Past in Australia

Australian Convict Sites — 2015 — WHE778F164442

Australia's unique embrace of its convict past, contrasting with the shame felt in other Western democracies, stems from a sectarian undercurrent that shaped its secular political culture. This study reveals how sympathy for convicts, often overlooked in national narratives, reflects broader tensions between the Catholic clergy and the Anglican Evangelical establishment during the 18th and 19th centuries. By analyzing historical records and cultural attitudes, it highlights the role of sectarianism in redefining moral order and public perception, offering new insights into Australia's societal evolution.

Legal status and organization of monastic community of Mount Athos after the First Balkan War

Mount Athos — 2015 — WHE96ED8AB947

Mount Athos experienced significant legal and organizational shifts following the First Balkan War, marked by deep divisions among its monastic community. The study reveals that while one faction advocated for Greek sovereignty over the Holy Mountain, another demanded international oversight and reforms to existing structures. These conflicting stances were brought forward during the Conference of the Ambassadors in London, where the Athonite Community submitted resolutions reflecting their divided perspectives. The research highlights the absence of a regulated international position for Mount Athos during this turbulent period (1912-13) and underscores the enduring impact of these divisions on the peninsula's governance.

Leonard Stöckel and its role of spreading Reformation ideas in the Eastern Slovakia

Bardejov Town Conservation Reserve — 2015 — WHE48D203204D

Leonard Stöckel, a prominent teacher and theologian, played a pivotal role in spreading Reformation ideas in Eastern Slovakia during the 16th century. His influence extended through intellectual contributions like the «Confessio Pentapolitana», one of the earliest documents shaping Hungarian Protestantism. Stöckel's outlook was shaped by European Enlightenment ideals, fostering connections with notable figures such as Philipp Melanchthon, a key European humanist and his mentor. A joint edition of Melanchthon’s works, published posthumously in 1561, underscores their collaboration. Stöckel's appointment as headmaster of Bardejov Town School in 1539 marked a significant phase in his life, where he further propagated Reformation ideals before his death in 1560.

Les forêts du pays cévenol, de la Préhistoire à la charte du parc national des Cévennes

The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape — 2015 — WHE6F9EE9DBD0

A long-standing tension between local foresters and park managers persists despite efforts to reconcile their approaches. The study highlights that the productive potential of French forests, both public and private, is threatened not only in the Cévennes but also in other rural mountainous regions beyond the Mediterranean. This conclusion emerges from a historical analysis tracing the evolution of Cévennes' forests from the post-glacial period to the present, noting early grazing pressure, state-led reforestation efforts, and the establishment of the National Cévennes Park (PNC) in 1970. The research also documents the gradual acceptance of the PNC by local municipalities, with 110 adhering to its charter by 2015, while acknowledging ongoing challenges in generating revenue from predominantly private forests.

Les quartiers des cathédrales en Provence. État de la question

Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments — 2015 — WHE6D578123C0

A unique preservation of medieval canon life's enclosure, particularly around the Viviers cathedral, has been identified in Provence. This study reveals that in Arles and Apt, entire canonical buildings were enclosed, whereas other sites like Aix, Carpentras, Fréjus, and Vaison only preserved essential structures. Notably, Romanesque cloisters, symbols of communal life dating to the late 12th century, were often constructed around pre-existing courtyards, forming a 'communal house'—a concept physically validated in Aix. The research synthesizes architectural evidence with historical documentation, highlighting the evolution and spatial organization of cathedral chapters in Provence.

Lessons learned from reconstruction of a virtual Grotto - from point cloud to immersive virtual environment

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple — 2015 — WHE2648BB3D96

Advancements in three-dimensional (3D) scanning and virtual reality (VR) technologies have significantly enhanced the realism, immersion, and sense of presence in virtual heritage applications. A review of four virtual heritage projects focused on Seokguram Grottoreveals that these factors are closely interrelated and must be collectively considered from the project's inception to ensure success. Two of the projects utilized VR, while the others were rendered offline for films, all leveraging 3D scanning technology to reconstruct the grotto. The study highlights key characteristics and implications derived from practical experiences, demonstrating how technological developments have refined virtual heritage applications.

Letter from the vatican: 26 April 2015

Vatican City — 2015 — WHE936FCD1E0D

A rare glimpse into the Vatican's engagement with global social issues, this narrative highlights the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences' (PASS) initiative to address human trafficking during a panel held in Casina Pio IV from 7–21 April 2015. The account underscores the Vatican's role as a platform for interdisciplinary dialogue on pressing ethical and humanitarian challenges, blending theological perspectives with empirical research. Through personal reflections, the author captures the academic rigor and moral urgency of discussions involving scholars, policymakers, and faith leaders, offering insight into how institutions like PASS bridge gaps between science, ethics, and advocacy to combat modern-day slavery.

Liberal Barbarism: The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China

Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing — 2015 — WHE3705954DC1

The destruction of the Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace) by French and British troops in 1860 was not an erratic act but a calculated performance rooted in liberalism's confrontation with resistance. Erik Ringmar's analysis reveals this vandalism as a strategic move to instill fear in China and assert Western dominance, marking a pivotal moment in the decline of the Qing Dynasty's Sino-centric international system. Drawing on British and French historical sources, the study reconstructs the motives behind the demolition while contextualizing it within broader societal and political frameworks. This work provides insight into how liberal ideals, when met with defiance, could manifest as barbarism, reshaping global power dynamics.

Lidar profiling of aerosol optical properties from Paris to Lake Baikal (Siberia)

Lake Baikal — 2015 — WHEC076A129E7

A groundbreaking lidar study revealed distinct aerosol optical properties along a 10,000 km route from Paris to Lake Baikal, highlighting significant differences between European and Siberian aerosols. The research identified that Russian urban aerosols, particularly in cities like Ulan-Ude, exhibit higher particle depolarization ratios (PDR) (>2%) compared to Europe (<1%), likely due to terrigenous aerosol lifting by traffic. Biomass burning layers from southern Russia showed lidar ratio (LR) values ranging from 65 to 107 sr and PDR between 3% and 4%. Additionally, desert dust aerosols from the Caspian and Aral seas regions were characterized for the first time, with LR of 43 ± 14 sr and PDR of 23 ± 2%, extending over 2300 km and lasting approximately six days. The study used a mobile lidar equipped with N2-Raman and depolarization channels to profile aerosol optical properties in the low and middle troposphere, providing unprecedented insights into aerosol distribution and characteristics across this vast region.

Lima, Peru: Inca earthquake-resistant construction and a bogus American earthquake prediction

Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa — 2015 — WHE822AD00F72

A study on the Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa reveals that the Inca empire, centered in Cusco, employed earthquake-resistant construction techniques. The research explores the geology of the Peru–Chile trench and subduction zone, highlighting the Nazca plate's role beneath South America. It also debunks a bogus American earthquake prediction, focusing on the cultural and geological significance of the Nasca lines, which depict various animals and were only discovered from the air in the 1920s. The study combines ocean-bottom core sampling with historical analysis to shed light on both the geology and the mysterious origin of these ancient geoglyphs.

Limitlessness in Australian Constitutional Legal Narrative: The memory of Black's Address in theTasmanian Dam Case

Tasmanian Wilderness — 2015 — WHE39502EBD37

A notable aspect of Michael Black QC's address in the High Court Tasmanian Dam case is its evocative and poetic quality, which transcends traditional legal argumentation. This study examines the text to uncover the performance, emotion, and spirit embedded within Black's oratory, identifying three deliberate steps that evoke a sense of limitlessness in the connection between self and nature. By analyzing these elements, the research reinterprets Black's address not merely as a legal narrative but as an experience that challenges conventional constitutional discourse.

Linguistic warscapes of northern Mali

Timbuktu — 2015 — WHE30F3C2537C

Public writing and its erasure during Mali's northern crisis (2012–2013) emerged as a strategic tool for asserting political dominance, shaping the linguistic warscapes of Gao, Kidal, and Timbuktu. These cities' multilingual environments—featuring French, Arabic, Tamasheq, Latin, Arabic, and Tifinagh scripts—became battlegrounds where language and script symbolically controlled public space. Unlike the oral soundscape, dominated by Tamasheq alongside lesser-documented languages, the linguistic landscape (LL) reflected a complex interplay of power, ideology, and literacy regimes. The study reveals that LL in multilingual, multigraphic contexts cannot be isolated but must be analyzed within broader linguistic ecologies to understand its political and social implications.

Linking Ideology, Habitus and Landscape: Traditional and Contemporary Uses of Gardens and Parks in Iran

The Persian Garden — 2015 — WHEE7A5ED6200

Persian gardens and parks, steeped in centuries of cultural narratives and philosophical ideologies, continue to influence contemporary urban landscape design in Iran despite the diminishing role of traditional narratives due to urbanization. This study reveals that while sociocultural shifts have transformed recreational behavior in urban parks, the legacy of Persian garden ideology—particularly the emphasis on spaces of stillness—persists in shaping modern park layouts and usage. The research examines the evolution of cultural attitudes reflected in these landscapes, employing a historical and anthropological approach to trace how 'habitus' (deeply ingrained habits) and ideological shifts interact with urbanization, altering but not erasing traditional influences.

Listado florístico del Parque Nacional Palenque, Chiapas, México

Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque — 2015 — WHE5DE8CCAEC2

The Parque Nacional Palenque, Chiapas, México, hosts a rich and diverse flora with 484 recorded species across 319 genera and 100 families. Fabaceae and Rubiaceae emerged as the most representative families, while Psychotria, Ficus, and Piper stood out as the most species-diverse genera. Notably, four species are endemic to Chiapas, and nine are listed in the IUCN Red List, highlighting the site's ecological significance. This comprehensive floristic inventory, derived from field collections in 2008 and herbaria database reviews, underscores Palenque's importance for conservation efforts due to its restricted distribution elements and species under threat.

Lithospheric discontinuity structure in Alaska, thickness variations determined bySpreceiver functions

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2015 — WHE13DE5BAC6D

A groundbreaking study reveals the first broad-scale image of lithospheric thickness across Alaska, highlighting significant variations tied to tectonic domains. The research, using S wave receiver functions alongside potential field, seismic velocity, and heat flow data, identifies a 130 km thick lithosphere beneath the Brooks Range, suggesting strong lithospheric resistance that redirects strain southward. In southern Alaska, beneath the Chugach and St. Elias Mountains, a thinner (80–90 km) North American lithosphere overlies a deeper interface linked to the Yakutat microplate, extending its influence to the Wrangell Volcanic Field. Thin lithosphere (<90 km) in eastern Alaska correlates with inboard crustal seismicity, potentially indicating compression from the Yakutat collision. The findings offer critical insights into regional deformation models, emphasizing the need for further data from the Transportable Array to assess lateral continuity.