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Showing 24801 – 24820 of 30315 publications

El ferrocarril a Bolivia. El proceso de poblamiento en las regiones de Puna, Quebrada de Humahuaca y Valles de la provincia de Jujuy

Quebrada de Humahuaca — 2014 — WHE834029DDFF

The arrival of the Jujuy to La Quiaca railway line fundamentally transformed the landscape and settlement patterns in Argentina's Puna, Quebrada de Humahuaca, and Valles regions. Unlike any other historical event, this infrastructure project introduced a new territorial order centered on extractive economic activities, reshaping local demographics and spatial organization. The study reveals how pre-existing land structures, meticulous railway planning, and subsequent territorial modifications led to the emergence of new settlements. Researchers analyzed field data, census maps, satellite imagery, and historical documents—including the 1867 Moneta Report, the 1902 bidding process for the line's construction, and De Moussy’s 1866 cartography—to reconstruct this pivotal process. This work highlights the railway's enduring legacy in structuring both human populations and economic landscapes.

El Generalife y las ruinas árabes de sus contornos. Un capítulo inédito de los Nuevos Paseos de Simón de Argote

Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada — 2014 — WHE59E39CC341

A previously unknown chapter from Simón de Argote's Nuevos Paseos (1806–1807), detailing the Generalife and its surrounding Arab ruins, has been recovered. This text, dedicated to King José Bonaparte during his tenure in Granada, offers a rare illustrated response to misconceptions about Granada's Roman past, countering claims by Velázquez de Echeverría. The chapter sheds new light on Argote's overlooked career and his connections with figures like Horace Sebastiani, a Napoleonic diplomat. Through archival research across diverse sources, the study reconstructs this lost manuscript, providing critical insights into 19th-century scholarship on Islamic heritage in Spain.

El proyecto gótico de la Catedral de Sevilla. Indicios de trazado, medida y proporción

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2014 — WHEB5C386D398

A graphical analysis of the 'Bidaurreta trace,' an unsigned 15th-century drawing, reveals groundbreaking insights into the original Gothic project for Seville Cathedral. This innovative design, characterized by its remarkable orthogonality, was both influential and ahead of its time. The study not only sheds light on the cathedral's early construction phases but also proposes new hypotheses regarding the authorship, dating, and purpose of this significant document.

El turismo cultural en una Ciudad Patrimonio de la Humanidad: El caso de la ciudad de San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife, España)

San Cristóbal de La Laguna — 2014 — WHECFB34C9677

A significant portion of tourists visiting San Cristóbal de La Laguna, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Tenerife, are drawn to its cultural attractions despite the island's reputation for mass tourism centered on sun and beach. This study reveals that cultural tourism plays a pivotal role in diversifying the region's offerings, with tourists exhibiting distinct sociodemographic profiles, behaviors, and motivations during their visits. Conducted by the University of La Laguna, the research analyzed survey data collected from tourists at the end of their stay to assess key factors influencing their experience. The findings underscore the potential for cultural tourism to enhance the economic and cultural value of heritage sites in high-traffic tourist destinations.

Electron spin resonance dating of megafauna from Lagoa dos Porcos, Piaui, Brazil

Serra da Capivara National Park — 2014 — WHE73F8B3AFAC

A groundbreaking electron spin resonance (ESR) dating study of megafauna fossils from Lagoa dos Porcos, Piaui, Brazil, places the site's fossil assemblage within the Late Pleistocene, approximately 26 ± 4 and 22 ± 3 thousand years ago. This finding is significant as it provides a chronological context for one of the richest paleontological occurrences in the Serra da Capivara National Park. The study utilized ESR dating on teeth samples from Gomphotheriidae and Toxodontinae, employing spectra acquired with a JEOL FA-200 X-Band spectrometer to construct dose-response curves. These dates overlap with a period of abrupt increase in rainfall in northeast Brazil, suggesting a potential link between environmental changes and the formation of this deposit.

Emigración potosina en el siglo XVIII: el linaje Díaz en Calbuco

City of Potosí — 2014 — WHEE0D6EAE4DF

A rare genealogical and historical record traces the lineage of a Potosí emigrant who settled in Calbuco, Chile, during the 18th century. Spanning nearly two centuries, the study documents approximately thirty descendants linked to this male lineage, offering insights into migration patterns between Spanish colonial territories. By analyzing archival sources, the research reconstructs family branches and provides a unique perspective on transregional connections in Latin America's colonial history.

Empire to Nation: Art, History and the Visualization of Maritime Britain, 1768–1829, by Geoff Quilley

Maritime Greenwich — 2014 — WHE99A3AC6824

British visual culture underwent significant transformation during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, shifting away from imperial themes towards a focus on maritime identity. Geoff Quilley's analysis reveals that this transition was influenced by the threat of revolutionary France and is evident in the works of artists associated with Captain James Cook's Pacific expeditions, such as William Hodges and John Webber, as well as in notable paintings like John Singleton Copley's 'Watson and the Shark' and J.M.W. Turner's 'Battle of Trafalgar'. Quilley's thematic exploration, structured around Cook's voyages, the Atlantic world, and naval battles, demonstrates how art reflected Britain's evolving national identity during this period.

En-gedi, Israel

The Historic Town and Archaeological Site of Gedi — 2014 — WHE717058DF7A

En-gedi, Israel, is renowned for its biblical significance, particularly the incident involving King Saul and David described in the first book of Samuel. Despite its prominent mention in biblical texts, including the Song of Songs, no archaeological evidence has been found to support the existence of a Hebrew settlement at En-gedi around 1000 B.C., during the late Iron Age I period. This discrepancy highlights the gap between biblical narratives and tangible historical records from this era.

Endogenous and exogenous growth of the monogenetic Lemptégy volcano, Chaîne des Puys, France

Chaîne des Puys - Limagne fault tectonic arena — 2014 — WHE05C776B107

The Lemptégy volcano in France's Chaîne des Puys reveals the complex endogenous and exogenous growth of monogenetic scoria cones, characterized by dynamic changes in shape, structure, and eruptive style. The study, facilitated by decades of controlled quarrying, uncovered a shallow plumbing system and detailed stratigraphy that record two temporally separated eruptions from closely spaced vents. These eruptions involved diverse volcanic activities such as Hawaiian, Strombolian, and Vulcanian explosions, lava effusion, cryptodome formation, partial collapse, satellite vent development, eruptive pauses, and intrusive uplift. The volcano's internal architecture and microtectonic structures provide insights into the local stress field and magmatic flow direction changes, illustrating the intricate evolution of monogenetic volcanoes.

Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Medicinal Plants of Western Ghats, India

Western Ghats — 2014 — WHE25B723322E

A significant variation in endophytic fungal diversity was observed between monsoon and winter seasons in medicinal plants of the Western Ghats, India. The study, conducted from 2007 to 2014, isolated 31 fungal taxa from seven plant species, with Fusarium, Acremonium, Colletotrichum, Chaetomium, Myrothecium, Phomopsis, and Pestalotiopsis being the most prevalent. Coelomycetes dominated (65%), followed by hyphomycetes (32%) and ascomycetes (3%). Stem fragments harbored more endophytes than roots, and species richness was notably higher during the monsoon season. The research also revealed host specificity in some fungal endophytes, with distinct genetic clustering observed through UPGMA analysis. This pioneering study highlights the seasonal dynamics of fungal diversity in semi-evergreen forests of the Talacauvery subcluster, contributing to our understanding of microbial biodiversity in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Endowed Eponymous Festivals on Delos

Delos — 2014 — WHEAB4DD670DF

A reinterpretation of the purpose and nature of endowed festivals on Delos challenges long-standing assumptions about their political motivations. Contrary to prevailing views, these funds did not primarily finance grand eponymous celebrations but instead supported recurring, modest rituals tied to significant family events such as marriages and deaths. This interpretation, based on a re-evaluation of the Greek accounts from Delos, suggests that the phenomenon reflects deeper aspects of personal piety rather than state or royal politics. The study highlights a unique Délien practice closely aligned with Hellenistic familial cults, offering new insights into the religious and social dynamics of the period.

Enhancing “Places” Through Archaeological Heritage in Sun, Sand, and Sea Touristic Coastal Areas: A Case Study From Mallorca (Spain)

Cultural Landscape of the Serra de Tramuntana — 2014 — WHE4ED4F50F87

Archaeological heritage can serve as a powerful tool for social and territorial activism, mitigating issues arising from unplanned mass tourism in coastal areas. This study presents a conceptual framework and practical strategies to enhance archaeological heritage, fostering connections between local communities and tourists. Using Mallorca's Serra de Tramuntanaas a case study, the research demonstrates how heritage corridors can link touristic zones with inland cultural landscapes, thereby reducing socioeconomic and territorial disconnections. The approach leverages heritage to develop new dynamics that address challenges posed by sun, sand, and sea tourism, offering a model for sustainable coastal development.

Enmeshed inscriptions: Reading the graffiti of Australia’s convict past

Australian Convict Sites — 2014 — WHE93670A4F4D

Prison graffiti, traditionally seen as markings on institutional architecture, reveals deeper 'hidden transcripts' when defined more broadly. This study uncovers recurring themes in convict graffiti from 19th-century Australian penal colonies, demonstrating that inscriptions—whether on fabric, coins, or stone—create enmeshed human-object relationships that reshape both the inscribed and the inscriber. By analyzing a range of materials beyond conventional surfaces, the research highlights how these acts of inscription serve as mental and physical processes, offering new insights into convict experiences and material culture.

Entre sables et pierres : s’alimenter et boire dans les villages néolithiques d’une zone refuge saharienne de Mauritanie sud-orientale

Ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata — 2014 — WHEC885BE290F

Neolithic societies in the ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt, and Oualata thrived in a Saharan refuge zone due to abundant water resources, leaving behind a rich archaeological record. These communities, spanning from the early 3rd millennium BCE to the Common Era, relied on a mix of foraging, hunting, herding, and agriculture, with their settlements featuring stone walls that reflect sophisticated societal organization. The study reveals how these societies adapted to survive in arid conditions by developing specialized practices for food production, storage, and exchange, including the use of local materials for cooking utensils. Artifacts and architectural remnants suggest vibrant trade networks and knowledge transmission along the cliffs, with certain areas functioning as marketplaces. This research highlights the resilience and ingenuity of Neolithic communities in a challenging environment.

Environmental assessment of stream habitats bordering Palenque National Park, Chiapas, Mexico

Pre-Hispanic City and National Park of Palenque — 2014 — WHE22DF3A684A

Stream ecosystems bordering Palenque National Park, Chiapas, Mexico, exhibit significant environmental stress despite relatively intact riparian habitats. High concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus suggest widespread influence from sewage and agricultural runoff. Aquatic macroinvertebrate abundance declines with increasing nitrate levels, while diversity correlates positively with better riparian and aquatic habitat quality. This indicates that while the park's buffer zones may be structurally sound, water quality is compromised by anthropogenic inputs, posing risks to biodiversity.

Eocene stratigraphy of the Wadi Al-Hitan World Heritage Site and adjacent areas (Fayum, Egypt)

Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley) — 2014 — WHEB718621CAC

A groundbreaking analysis of the Eocene stratigraphy at Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley), Egypt, reveals that previously proposed interpretations of restricted marine environments or whale calving grounds lack evidence. The study, conducted over a 300 sq. km area, identified four phases of coastal sand body progradation within the Birket Qarun Formation, separated by transgressive wedges, and discounted episodes of emersion. Key findings include the identification of the Dictyococcites erbae nannofossil acme, suggesting its start as a reliable marker for defining the base of the Priabonian stage. The research employed detailed sediment logging and biostratigraphic analysis to resolve complex facies relationships, providing new insights into the depositional history and paleoenvironmental conditions of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Eriobotrya balgooyi (Rosaceae), a new obligate ultramafic endemic from Kinabalu Park, Borneo

Kinabalu Park — 2014 — WHE229E5A444D

A new species of Eriobotrya, named Eriobotrya balgooyi (Rosaceae), has been discovered in Kinabalu Park, Malaysian Borneo. This obligate ultramafic endemic is restricted to ultramafic soils on Mount Kinabalu and nearby Mount Tambuyukon, both within the UNESCO World Heritage Site. The discovery highlights the significant but understudied flora of ultramafic outcrops in northern Borneo, emphasizing the need for urgent conservation efforts. Taxonomic analysis using herbarium material from multiple collections confirmed its novelty.

Eruptions at Lone Star geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 2. Constraints on subsurface dynamics

Yellowstone National Park — 2014 — WHEE159C98799

Research at Lone Star geyser in Yellowstone National Park reveals that eruptions are triggered by a complex interplay between vapor generation and mass discharge, controlled by subsurface thermo-mechanical processes. The study, utilizing seismic, tilt, lidar, thermal, and gravity data from 32 consecutive eruption cycles, demonstrates that hydrothermal tremor is linked to vapor bubble dynamics. Key findings include the identification of recurring ground surface displacements uncorrelated with eruptions, suggesting periodic filling of a laterally offset reservoir with a compressible two-phase mixture. The research also shows that flow choking in the conduit significantly increases saturated vapor pressure during eruptions, providing new insights into geyser dynamics and subsurface processes.

Escaping Enver Hoxha’s Shadow: A Short History of the Butrint Foundation’s Project in Albania, 1993–2012

Butrint — 2014 — WHEA52FE0241D

The Butrint Foundation's archaeological project in post-communist Albania (1993–2012) successfully established a self-governing archaeological park, marking a significant shift in cultural heritage management amid political transition. The initiative, analyzed through four distinct phases, reflects evolving attitudes toward heritage conservation in Albania as it transitioned from communism to democracy. This case study offers insights into capacity-building strategies for archaeology, demonstrating how international collaboration and adaptive governance can address challenges in post-conflict regions.

Espaço e Materialidade na Tripolitania Romana: uma tentativa de reconstituição da cidade de Oea em meados do II Século * Space And Materiality In Roman Tripolitania: an attempt of recovery of the city of Oea in the Mid-Second Century

Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna — 2014 — WHEAA3B8D2F6E

A groundbreaking attempt to reconstruct the lost Roman city of Oea, now buried beneath Tripoli, Libya, sheds light on its material culture and urban space. By analyzing Apuleius of Madaura's Apology—a firsthand account of his public vilification for witchcraft—and comparing it with surviving archaeological and epigraphic artifacts from nearby Leptis Magna and Sabrata, researchers partially visualize the city as it existed in the mid-2nd century AD. This interdisciplinary approach, combining literary, epigraphic, and comparative urban studies, offers a rare glimpse into a Roman city otherwise obscured by modern development.