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Subway-Induced Vibrations in Cologne Cathedral

Cologne Cathedral — 2014 — WHE4B7A10754D

Subway-induced vibrations significantly affect the structural integrity of Cologne Cathedral. The study found that daily subway operations generate ground motions that can be detected within the cathedral, potentially posing risks to its stability. Researchers used seismological methods to measure and analyze these vibrations, revealing their frequency and amplitude. Located near a busy train station, river, and urban infrastructure, the cathedral experiences constant anthropogenic ground motions, with subway-induced vibrations being a notable concern due to their proximity and regularity.

Surfacing behaviour and ecology of the marsupial mole (Notoryctes typhlops) at Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park

Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park — 2014 — WHE0594006108

Marsupial mole surface sign can serve as a reliable, non-intrusive indicator for monitoring the distribution and habitat preferences of Notoryctes typhlops. This study, conducted over 12 months at Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, revealed significant correlations between surface sign counts and environmental factors such as fire age, rainfall timing, infrastructure presence, and cumulative precipitation. The findings suggest that tracking mole surfacing behavior offers a practical alternative to traditional survey methods for assessing this cryptic species' abundance and ecological requirements.

Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates

Surtsey — 2014 — WHE8569A435BB

Early ecological succession rates on Surtsey and Mount St. Helens, two distinct volcanic landscapes, reveal key mechanisms governing colonization and development. The study found that nutrient input from external sources—seabirds on Surtsey and windborne nutrients on Mount St. Helens—plays a critical role in accelerating succession, despite environmental constraints like bare lava or extreme exposure. Succession rates varied significantly across substrates, with gull colonies on fertile sands advancing faster than barren tephra or pumice plains. The research employed permanent plots, detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), and principal components analysis (PCA) to quantify changes in species composition and structure over time, offering insights into the broader principles shaping volcanic island ecosystems.

Survey and representation of vaults and cupolas: An overview on some relevant Italian UNESCO sites

Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura — 2014 — WHE0EA2966504

A groundbreaking approach to documenting and representing vaulted structures in Italian UNESCO World Heritage Sites has emerged, offering solutions for challenges in color texture mapping, virtual reconstruction of collapsed domes, and textured mesh development. The research demonstrates how Structure from Motion applications can be converted into maps that represent complex BRDF behaviors, providing a robust method for analyzing heterogeneous surfaces. Additionally, it introduces an integrated technique for virtually reconstructing partially collapsed ancient cupolas, addressing the complexities of historical preservation. The study also presents a novel method for developing textured meshes representing octagonal frescoed domes, contributing significantly to the field of digital documentation and virtual reconstruction of architectural heritage.

Survey of Citrus Huanglongbing （greening disease） on the Amami Islands. 3. Transition of diseased tree distribution after the second survey

Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island — 2014 — WHE26304D5BAF

A significant decline in the distribution of citrus trees infected with Huanglongbing (greening disease), caused by 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las), was observed on Tokunoshima and Yoron islands between 2009 and 2012. During the third survey, only 258 symptomatic trees across 120 areas tested positive for Las, a marked reduction compared to previous findings. The study, conducted by examining 143,782 citrus trees at 22,866 sites, used PCR testing to confirm infections and calculated odds ratios to compare infection rates over time. This research highlights the effectiveness of ongoing monitoring in managing the spread of this devastating plant disease, particularly on UNESCO World Heritage Sites where citrus groves are culturally significant.

Survival, growth, and recruitment of octocoral species (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) in Coiba National Park, Pacific Panama

Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection — 2014 — WHE2DA6A4FF7E

A significant population decline of 25.2% was observed among octocoral species in Coiba National Park over one year, highlighting the vulnerability of these organisms in tropical eastern Pacific reefs. The study, the first to examine the population dynamics of 10 shallow-water octocoral species across six genera, revealed distinct survival and recruitment strategies: Leptogorgia alba exhibited r-selected traits with high abundance and mortality, while Muricea austera showed K-selected characteristics with low mortality and recruitment rates. Researchers monitored 1445 colonies over 17 months at 20 m depth in four coral communities, calculating size distribution, survivorship, growth, and recruitment rates. Species were clustered into two groups based on distribution, density, mortality, and recruitment patterns, offering insights into their ecological roles and resilience.

Surviving Coral Bleaching Events: Porites Growth Anomalies on the Great Barrier Reef

Great Barrier Reef — 2014 — WHE46AB7680E8

Mass coral bleaching events on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in 1998 and 2002 left distinct growth anomalies in surviving Porites colonies, revealing spatial variability in stress response. The study found that inshore reefs experienced significant calcification reductions of up to 18% for four years post-bleaching, followed by recovery, while mid-shelf and offshore sites showed no significant impacts on calcification rates. This contradicts some models suggesting uniform stress across the GBR. Researchers analyzed annual growth characteristics (extension, density, calcification) in 144 coral cores from 79 colonies spanning a 24-year period (1980-2003), uncovering growth hiatuses and partial mortality linked to bleaching events. These findings underscore the need for refined models to better predict coral calcification responses to ocean warming.

Sustainability Analysis in La Amistad Panama Biosphere Reserve

Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park — 2014 — WHE94BB6C2371

A sustainability analysis of the La Amistad Panama Biosphere Reserve reveals a modest overall progress of 56.3%, falling short of the globally accepted threshold of >70%. The study, using the Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) indicators recommended by the United Nations, identifies environmental factors as the strongest performing category at 73.3%, while social and economic aspects lag significantly behind at 46.7% and 36.1%, respectively. This research introduces a universal sustainability assessment model applicable to all UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, leveraging well-established global indicators to evaluate progress across three key pillars: environment, society, and economy. The findings underscore the reserve's potential for improvement in social and economic dimensions while highlighting its environmental achievements.

Sustainable Architecture of the Bazaar of Tabriz and its relation with the social and cultural aspects

Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex — 2014 — WHED326F44F28

The Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex exemplifies how sustainable architecture integrates bioclimatic, economic, social, and cultural elements to create dynamic urban spaces. Unlike conventional studies that focus solely on modern design or historical preservation, this research highlights the enduring relevance of traditional architectural practices in fostering social cohesion and economic vitality. By analyzing Tabriz’s bazaar—an iconic Iranian infrastructure—the study identifies key elements sustaining its active role as a cultural and economic hub. The approach combines present-day observations with historical analysis, offering new perspectives on how sustainable architecture can inform future urban development while preserving heritage. This work underscores the importance of context-specific design in achieving long-term sustainability.

Sustainable Assessment Tool of Historic Centers: the Cases of Bath and Cambridge

City of Bath — 2014 — WHE06AC4A440D

A sustainable management framework is crucial for the long-term success of historic center conservation, as demonstrated by the cases of Bath and Cambridge. The study identifies that while urban conservation efforts often aim to improve social benefits and urban qualities, their effectiveness can be undermined without proper management strategies. To address this, researchers introduced an assessment tool that measures the degree of success in conserving historic centers by evaluating factors such as 'importance' and 'performance.' This approach highlights the need for a structured management framework that integrates local community feedback and authority responses to ensure sustained conservation outcomes.

Sustainable Tourism and Property Rights: A Case Study on the World Heritage Site of Wulingyuan in China from the Perspective of Property Rights Economics

Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area — 2014 — WHE2882BAF28F

A 30-year case study of Wulingyuan, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in China, reveals that the current property rights framework is a primary driver of heritage damage due to tourism. The research demonstrates that sustainable tourism can resolve conflicts between conservation and development, but this requires significant reform of China's property rights institutions for heritage sites. These reforms should include clear definitions, independent government oversight, and efficient market mechanisms. By applying principles from property rights economics, the study highlights the need for structural changes to balance tourism growth with the preservation of cultural and natural heritage.

Sustainable Tourism Related SMEs through Strategy Identification

Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley — 2014 — WHEBBE3614218

A critical analysis of tourism-related micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lenggong Valley reveals key strategies for sustainable development. The study employed a SWOT framework to evaluate internal strengths and weaknesses alongside external opportunities and threats facing local SMEs. Findings highlight significant potential for business growth while also identifying challenges that require policy intervention to benefit both the region and its communities. This research provides actionable insights for public policymaking, emphasizing the need for strategic tourism planning to foster sustainable economic development in heritage-rich areas.

Sustaining Tourist Satisfaction on Mount Kinabalu, Sabah

Kinabalu Park — 2014 — WHEF6523A0EB5

Tourists visiting Mount Kinabalu, Sabah, primarily rate their satisfaction highest towards their climbing achievement, though significant concerns persist regarding facilities and operational challenges. The study identifies 'water insufficiency' and 'traffic congestion' as critical issues affecting overall experience. While respondents expressed general satisfaction with the mountain trails, scenery, and guide services, the lowest ratings were for facilities at Laban Rata and along the trail, indicating urgent areas for improvement. This pilot research establishes baseline indicators for tourist satisfaction, providing actionable insights to enhance visitor experiences in Kinabalu Park.

Swelling clays in stone materials of the built heritage of Córdoba (Spain)

Caliphate City of Medina Azahara — 2014 — WHE362FC93096

A significant discovery in the study of Medina Azahara's built heritage reveals that swelling clays, particularly smectite and chlorite-smectite mixed layers, are prevalent in the stone materials used. These clays, found in concentrations of 5-30 wt%, contribute to the weathering of the stone, exacerbating decay processes due to environmental changes like humidity fluctuations. The research analyzed samples from the Palacio de los Páez de Castillejo and three types of stone from Madinat Al-Zahra, highlighting the detrimental impact of these clays on the overall porosity and stability of the stone. This finding underscores the importance of understanding the mineralogical composition in preserving historical structures.

Sylvia Sellers-García. Distance and Documents at the Spanish Empire's Periphery.

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2014 — WHE19F99F0C38

A case of witchcraft accusations in colonial Guatemala reveals that notions of distance and document circulation challenge the traditional center-periphery framework. Sylvia Sellers-García demonstrates that distances, perceived as time-space intervals connecting hierarchically organized places, shaped both the content and form of administrative documents exchanged between Guatemala and Spain. This historical context redefines peripherality by grounding it in the practices of document creation, travel, and preservation. The study is based on extensive archival research across multiple institutions, including the Archivo General de Indias in Seville.

Syncretic Architecture of Fatehpur Sikri: A Symbol of Composite Culture

Fatehpur Sikri — 2014 — WHE616FDEC405

Fatehpur Sikri stands as a testament to the syncretic architectural innovation of the Mughal era, particularly under Emperor Akbar's reign. This study reveals how the fusion of indigenous Indian and Islamic architectural styles created a unique composite culture, blending traditional Indian grandeur with Islamic simplicity. The research highlights Akbar's role in unifying diverse artistic traditions, achieving a synthesis that transcended regional differences and set a new standard for architecture in India. By analyzing the construction techniques and stylistic elements integrated into Fatehpur Sikri, the study demonstrates how this city became a symbol of cultural harmony and architectural evolution during the Mughal period.

Systematics and biogeography of Hemidactylus homoeolepis Blanford, 1881 (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of a new species from Arabia

Socotra Archipelago — 2014 — WHEF9545698B2

Researchers have identified a new species of gecko, Hemidactylus minutus, from Oman and eastern Yemen, previously misclassified as Hemidactylus homoeolepis. This discovery, based on morphological and genetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear markers, reveals that H. minutus is the smallest Hemidactylus in mainland Arabia and distinct from related species. Notably, this finding redefines Socotra Archipelago's reptile fauna as entirely endemic, marking it as one with the highest proportion of endemic reptiles relative to its size. The study also highlights the need for reassessing the conservation status of both H. minutus and H. homoeolepis due to changes in their known distributions.

Taxonomy of family Plakinidae (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha) from eastern Pacific coral reefs, through morphology andcox1andcob mtDNA data

Archipiélago de Revillagigedo — 2014 — WHE2AC3947D48

A groundbreaking study on the taxonomy of Plakinidae sponges from eastern Pacific coral reefs, including the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Revillagigedo Archipelago and Clipperton Island, reveals five species: Plakortis albicans, Plakinastrella clippertonensis, two newly described species (Plakina muricyae and Plakina paradilopha), and Plakortis clarionensis. Using morphological analysis alongside mitochondrial DNA barcoding (cox1 and cob), researchers challenge traditional classifications, demonstrating that Plakina forms a monophyletic group, aligning molecular data with morphological hypotheses. Notably, the study identifies Plakina for the first time in Mexican Pacific waters and provides a taxonomic key for Homoscleromorpha species in the region, offering critical insights into sponge systematics and early metazoan evolution.

Taxonomy of the Moraea saxicola complex (Iridaceae: Iridoideae) of arid, western southern Africa, with the new species, M. acocksii, M. geminifolia, M. quartzicola and M. teretifolia

Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape — 2014 — WHE90BE2C797B

A taxonomic revision of the Moraea saxicola complex (Iridaceae) in arid western southern Africa identifies four previously undescribed species: Moraea acocksii, M. geminifolia, M. teretifolia, and M. quartzicola. These discoveries expand the known diversity of the complex, which now comprises eight species, with adjusted circumscriptions for existing taxa like M. bolusii and M. namibensis. The study, based on field observations and herbarium analysis, also extends the range of M. saxicola to include southern Namaqualand and the Richtersveld in South Africa. Distribution maps and illustrations of three new species are provided, offering a comprehensive revision of this botanically significant group within UNESCO-listed landscapes.

Tel Ḥaẓor — 2013

Biblical Tels - Megiddo, Hazor, Beer Sheba — 2014 — WHE1DBB424AF7

The 2013 excavation season at Tel Hazor, led by A. Ben-Tor and S. Zuckerman, uncovered significant archaeological insights into the ancient site, contributing to our understanding of its historical layers. The expedition, part of the 'Selz Foundation Hazor Excavations in Memory of Yigael Yadin,' involved a multidisciplinary team of 25 participants from various regions, including South Africa, the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Israel. Conducted with the cooperation of the National Parks Authority, the research focused on Areas M-East and M-West, employing advanced surveying, drafting, restoration, and field photography techniques. The findings, though not explicitly detailed in the abstract, are expected to provide valuable data on Hazor's stratigraphy and cultural significance during its Bronze Age occupation.