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Grey dune ground layer vegetation in the Curonian Spit Nature Reserve, Lithuania

Curonian Spit — 2013 — WHE03B7CC297F

A study of the Curonian Spit Nature Reserve, Lithuania, reveals that bryophytes and lichens dominate the ground layer vegetation on grey dunes during late succession stages, replacing vascular plants that are more prevalent in early stages. This shift highlights the importance of species interactions as regulators of dune vegetation dynamics. The research describes the structural composition of this vegetation, emphasizing its role in the ecological succession of sandy dunes along the 98 km-long ridge formed at the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. The findings contribute to understanding the complex relationships between different plant groups in dune ecosystems.

Grizzly bear and human interaction in Yellowstone National Park: An evaluation of bear management areas

Yellowstone National Park — 2013 — WHEDD4E63B075

Grizzly bears in Yellowstone National Park are significantly more likely to occupy areas with restricted human access, demonstrating the effectiveness of Bear Management Areas (BMAs) in reducing human-bear interactions. A study analyzing GPS location data from 2007 to 2009 found that bears were twice as likely to be within these zones when BMAs were closed compared to open periods. Even during times of low human activity, unrestricted access increased bear displacement, highlighting the impact of human presence on bear behavior. The research underscores the utility of management closures in balancing wildlife conservation and recreational access in high-traffic protected areas.

Gros Pierre, Golvin Jean‑Claude, Caillat Gérard, Poisson Olivier, Darde Dominique, La Maison Carrée de Nîmes, Un chef‑d’œuvre d’architecture romaine , Nîmes, Éd. Ville de Nîmes, Direction des affaires culturelles, 2011, 1 vol. 20,5 x 26,5, 176 p., fig. ds t.

The Maison Carrée of Nîmes — 2013 — WHE1CE71BBA61

A comprehensive analysis of the Maison Carrée, a Roman architectural marvel located in Nîmes, reveals its exceptional craftsmanship and historical significance. This study, conducted by Gros Pierre et al., delves into the temple's design, construction techniques, and cultural context, providing new insights into Roman engineering and urban planning. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, combining archaeological evidence with architectural analysis to unravel the complexities of this 1st-century AD structure. Key findings highlight the temple's innovative use of materials, such as its durable stone masonry, and its integration within the broader urban landscape of ancient Nîmes. This work not only advances our understanding of Roman architecture but also underscores the Maison Carrée's enduring legacy as a testament to Roman ingenuity.

Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys to Detect Ancient Aflaj in the Hajar Region of Oman

Aflaj Irrigation Systems of Oman — 2013 — WHE8F966CB35A

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) shows limited but promising potential for detecting ancient aflaj irrigation channels in Oman's Hajar Region, though reliable detection remains challenging due to insufficient physical contrast with surrounding materials. While GPR successfully identified one previously unknown extension of a falaj during surveys near Bahla and Bisya, it failed to detect others even over known positions. Despite these limitations, the study highlights GPR's value in uncovering additional archaeological features, such as buried pits containing ancient pottery fragments. The research suggests that while aflaj detection via GPR is not consistently achievable, the method offers alternative insights into the Hajar Oasis Towns' subsurface structures.

Guide to the muniments of Westminster Abbey

Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church — 2013 — WHEF65B747844

A comprehensive guide to the muniments of Westminster Abbey, this volume represents the seventh installment in the Westminster Abbey Record Series. It integrates edited texts from the abbey's collections with detailed bibliographical and archival guides, offering a valuable resource for researchers and historians. The work, authored by Richard Mortimer, Keeper of the Muniments at Westminster Abbey, provides unprecedented access to historical documents and artifacts, enhancing our understanding of this UNESCO World Heritage Site's rich heritage. By combining textual editions with contextual guides, it serves as an essential tool for both academic study and public engagement.

Habitat selection in a changing environment: the relationship between habitat alteration and Scops Owl (Aves: Strigidae) territory occupancy

Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato — 2013 — WHEB462715AE4

Scops Owl (Otus scops) territories in northwest Italy, particularly in the high-density Monferrato region, thrive in stable agricultural landscapes with minimal changes since the mid-1950s. The study used maximum entropy (MAXENT) models to analyze habitat occupancy across 401 territories, revealing a preference for middle-altitude areas with intermediate slopes, riparian zones, and pasture-grasslands while avoiding woodlands and Robinia pseudoacacia shrublands. Comparison of landcover data from 2009 and 1954/55 in Monferrato highlighted that stable cropland-vineyard mosaics are critical for owl occupancy. Conservation efforts should prioritize preserving riparian zones and promoting pasture-grassland-friendly agricultural practices to mitigate habitat loss, a key threat to this European concern species.

Habitat selection of the pre-released giant panda in Wolong Nature Reserve

Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains — 2013 — WHE715AC6EFB8

A pre-released giant panda exhibited strong preference for areas with high densities of new bamboo shoots, while avoiding regions with dense adult or dead bamboo, higher culm heights, and increased canopy cover. The study, conducted in Wolong Nature Reserve, found that proximity to water sources and shelter significantly influenced habitat selection, suggesting successful predator avoidance learning during pre-release training. Logistic regression identified new bamboo shoot density as the primary predictor of habitat use. Notably, the panda's home range (9.21 hm²) was substantially smaller than those of wild pandas in the reserve, highlighting the need for enriched training environments to promote larger territorial behavior in future reintroduction efforts.

Habitat use and ecological observations of the Ooldea dunnart (Sminthopsis ooldea) at Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park, Northern Territory

Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park — 2013 — WHE82B8956F9B

A rare insight into the Ooldea dunnart (Sminthopsis ooldea), a small and elusive marsupial, reveals that mulga woodlands are likely its key habitat. Over 16 years of surveys at Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park, researchers captured 37 individuals, most in pitfall traps, confirming spring breeding. While captures were inconsistent across habitats, they remained stable in one mulga-dominated site. Surprisingly, fewer dunnarts were found during the two wettest years, suggesting that rainfall may not be a primary driver of their presence. Fire also had no clear impact on their distribution. The study highlights the need to further explore the biotic and abiotic factors shaping this species' demography.

Habitat use by mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni determined using stem bite diameters at point of browse, bite rates, and time budgets in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

Bale Mountains National Park — 2013 — WHE3E68CB4E9B

Mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) exhibit significantly lower foraging costs and greater efficiency in grasslands compared to woodlands, as evidenced by larger stem bite diameters at the point of browse (dpb), higher bite rates, and reduced induced vigilance. Adult females demonstrated the highest bite rates, while Solanum marginatum was identified as a preferred browse species with the greatest dpb. These findings suggest that grasslands provide superior foraging conditions for mountain nyala, offering both greater safety and more time dedicated to feeding. The study employed non-invasive techniques—focal animal observations along transects—to quantify habitat-specific foraging behaviors, bite rates, and time budgets across sex-age categories. Such behavioral indicators and natural giving-up densities (GUDs) offer valuable insights for conservation strategies, particularly for endangered species like the mountain nyala.

Hatching and emergence success in green turtle Chelonia mydas nests in the Galápagos Islands

Galápagos Islands — 2013 — WHE86C1387F31

Green turtle hatching and emergence success in the Galápagos Islands, a critical rookery in the eastern Pacific, averages 45.6%, significantly lower than global norms. Predation by feral pigs and beetles, along with nest destruction by nesting females, are primary causes of embryo mortality. The study, analyzing 1039 nests across four beaches, found significant variation in success linked to beach location, year, oviposition timing, and habitat. These findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced conservation measures, particularly feral pig control near Isabela beaches, to protect this endangered species and its habitats.

Hatra

Hatra — 2013 — WHEE37CCB3F3F

Hatra offers unprecedented insights into the late Parthian Empire and its complex relationships with Rome. This publication synthesizes contributions from leading experts, revealing Hatra's strategic position as a cultural and religious crossroads between two great empires. Through archaeological evidence, it reconstructs the city's history, highlighting its unique blend of eastern and western influences despite its political affiliation with Parthia. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, combining historical analysis, architectural studies, and cultural assessments to elucidate Hatra's significance in shaping late-Parthian civilization.

Havana: Old Havana

Old Havana and its Fortification System — 2013 — WHE3DB52991BB

Old Havana, designated as the 'Key of the New World and Bulwark of the West Indies' in 1634, stands today as a testament to both its historical grandeur and current decay. The city's checkered history, marked by periods of prosperity and adversity, is reflected in its crumbling infrastructure, particularly in residential areas that lack government funding for maintenance. Despite its deteriorating state, Havana retains traces of its former splendor, offering a stark contrast between the restored tourist boutiques and the dilapidated buildings where locals reside. The study highlights the city's ongoing struggle with indigence, evident in the frequent collapses of structures and prolonged queues for basic necessities, exacerbated by severe electricity shortages. This summary underscores the duality of Havana: its enduring allure amidst profound urban decay.

Hebron (Al-Khalīl)

Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town — 2013 — WHE8CDEB257CA

Hebron (Al-Khalīl) experienced significant urban transformation from its peak prosperity in the 11th–10th century BCE to its modern layout. The city's decline began towards the end of the 10th century BCE, with a new settlement emerging in the valley during the Persian period (mid-6th century BCE), lacking defensive walls. Post-Islamic conquest, Hebron shifted from a Byzantine-Christian character to an Islamic one, centering around the Sanctuary, which evolved from a basilica into a mosque and Muslim shrine. Urban growth expanded northward, particularly under Mamlūk rule, with markets and dense settlements forming in the valley of al-Khalīl by modern times. This study reconstructs Hebron's historical urban development using archaeological and inscriptional evidence, highlighting its transitions through different periods—Bronze Age, Persian, Islamic, Crusader, and Mamlūk—while emphasizing its cultural and religious shifts.

Helga's dune: 40 years of dune dynamics in the namib desert

Namib Sand Sea — 2013 — WHE939079DBB6

A 40-year study of Helga's dune, located on the northern margin of the Namib Sand Sea, reveals significant variability in dune dynamics, with the dune tip advancing at an average rate of 1.99 meters per year between 1969 and 2012. This research highlights the sensitivity of dune behavior to changes in wind regimes and vegetation cover, influenced by increased rainfall in recent decades. The study utilized erosion pins to track the dune's advance and lateral migration, uncovering a 50% decrease in the rate of advance but an increase in lateral movement over time. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of desert dunes and their responsiveness to environmental shifts.

Heritage tourism in Africa

Kilimanjaro National Park — 2013 — WHE7432A3483C

Africa's UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS) stand as iconic tourism destinations, blending natural wonders and cultural significance. These sites, including Kilimanjaro National Park, the Serengeti, Virunga National Park, and Egypt's pyramids, attract global attention for their unique experiences—such as climbing Mount Kilimanjaro or observing mountain gorillas. The study highlights the challenges and opportunities of sustainable tourism in these regions, emphasizing the need to balance visitor engagement with conservation efforts. By analyzing a selection of WHS, the research explores how heritage tourism can be managed to preserve ecological integrity while fostering economic benefits for local communities.

Heritage tourism: reconciling urban conservation and tourism

Lamu Old Town — 2013 — WHED879118495

Heritage tourism can significantly contribute to sustainable urban conservation and development, particularly in historic areas like Lamu Old Town. This study argues that community and culture-led management approaches are the most effective for balancing tourism with heritage preservation. By leveraging tourism's potential, historical settlements can mitigate the erosion of architectural identity and socio-cultural heritage, which is critical for maintaining quality urban life. The research explores conflicts between urban conservation, heritage, and tourism, advocating for a sustainable model that integrates these elements while preserving local identity.

Hero or God Comes to Nea Paphos

Paphos — 2013 — WHEAC4E688068

A bust of a young man with curly hair and a conical cap was unearthed during excavations at the Early Roman House in Nea Paphos, Cyprus. The discovery sparks debate over its identification, with strong evidence suggesting it could represent one of the Dioskouroi (divine twins) or Attis, a figure from Phrygian mythology. While both theories are compelling, the study does not conclusively resolve the ambiguity, highlighting the interpretative challenges in ancient iconography.

Heterogeneous Preferences for Winter Nature-Based Tours in Sub-Frigid Climate Zones: A Latent Class Approach

Shiretoko — 2013 — WHE7974E07DC7

Winter nature-based tours in sub-frigid climate zones, such as Shiretoko, Japan, cater to distinct visitor preferences that can be segmented into three groups. One group prioritizes wildlife observation, particularly rare eagles and detailed interpretation, while another favors adventure-focused drift ice experiences with little interest in eagles or guided explanations. A third segment falls between these extremes. This heterogeneity suggests that tour operators should tailor offerings to specific preferences rather than assuming universal appeal, ensuring both visitor satisfaction and profitability.

High prevalence ofLeucocytozoonspp. in the endangered yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) in the sub-Antarctic regions of New Zealand

New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands — 2013 — WHE32A4CC6D09

A high prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. infection, particularly on Enderby Island, is linked to significant chick mortality in endangered yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes). The study found that 73.7% of adult penguins from Enderby Island tested positive for the parasite during the 2006/07 breeding season, with histological evidence confirming infection in one chick. This prevalence contrasts sharply with lower rates on Campbell Island (21%) and mainland New Zealand (11%). Genetic analysis revealed that Leucocytozoon in Enderby penguins is distinct from other populations, suggesting localized adaptation or transmission dynamics. While the exact role of the parasite in mortality remains unclear, these findings highlight its potential as a contributing factor to population declines.

Historical rock falls in Yosemite National Park, California (1857-2011)

Yosemite National Park — 2013 — WHE330615462C

A comprehensive inventory of rock falls and other slope movements in Yosemite National Park, spanning 1857 to 2011, reveals significant natural hazards that have resulted in 15 fatalities and at least 85 injuries. The study documents 925 events, providing critical data on triggers, susceptibility of cliffs, and magnitude-frequency relations. This information is essential for assessing hazard and risk, particularly in Yosemite Valley, where steep granitic cliffs and high visitor traffic increase exposure. The research combines detailed event documentation with environmental conditions, offering a robust dataset to inform mitigation strategies and safety measures.