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La capilla de los Neira de Luaces en la iglesia compostelana de Santa María do Camiño (ss. XVI-XIX)

Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain — 2011 — WHE24C4777BED

A newly discovered epigraphic and documentary record reveals the foundation of the Neira de Luaces chapel in Santiago de Compostela's Santa María do Camiño church during the mid-16th century, sponsored by regidor Juan Outeiro. This chapel, strategically located near the Camino Francés entrance, offers a unique lens into Jacobean tradition and urban evolution over four centuries. The study synthesizes historical evidence with artistic analysis, contextualizing the family funerary space within Santiago's broader historical narrative. Key insights include the chapel's evolving significance across the 16th to 19th centuries, shedding light on its architectural and cultural dimensions.

La construction du canal royal de la jonction des mers en Languedoc (Canal du Midi)

Canal du Midi — 2011 — WHEEF0DA3BBE8

The Canal du Midi represents a monumental achievement in 17th-century engineering, linking the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. This study reveals that its construction was not an isolated endeavor but part of a long-standing ambition dating back to antiquity for a trans-Mediterranean waterway. The research meticulously traces the evolution of these projects, from early proposals to the eventual realization under Louis XIV's reign. It also dissects the intellectual milieu that shaped the Canal's development, including the role of Vauban and his engineers in its final stages. By examining archival records and historical documents, the study provides a comprehensive account of the Canal's design, execution, and financing, offering new insights into the logistical and political challenges overcome during its construction.

La elección del método contable: el caso del Cabildo Catedral de Sevilla, siglo XVI = Choosing an accounting method in the 17th century: the case of the Cathedral Council of Sevilla, Spain

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2011 — WHE7F3675EAA1

Despite the widespread adoption of double-entry accounting in Spain during the 17th century, the Cathedral Council of Seville (Cabildo Catedral) primarily relied on single-entry methods. This study reveals a strategic choice aligned with the institution's economic reality, challenging assumptions about uniform accounting practices. Researchers analyzed historical records to demonstrate that the selection of accounting methods was influenced by practical needs rather than contemporary standards. The findings highlight the adaptability of accounting practices in ecclesiastical institutions, offering new insights into the evolution and application of financial management during this period.

La Fuente de Foncalada (Oviedo): Aplicación de métodos gráficos e infográficos de análisis compositivo y metrológico a la formulación de una hipótesis de Anastilosis Virtual del Monumento

Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of the Asturias — 2011 — WHE4EA3A76916

A virtual reconstruction hypothesis for the lost upper section of Oviedo's Foncalada Fountain emerges from a graphic and infographic analysis of its surviving components. By applying a method of compositive and metrological analysis, researchers identified proportional relationships between the fountain's parts, suggesting a coherent structural development. This approach pinpoints the likely location where the monument was truncated or destroyed, offering a novel tool for archaeological recovery without physical excavation. The study demonstrates how digital techniques can reconstruct historical structures with precision, bridging gaps in our understanding of medieval monuments.

La génesis de la dársena del puerto de Cartagena a lo largo del siglo XVIII

Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena — 2011 — WHEB073FCAEFB

The construction of the artificial basin in Cartagena's Mandarache Sea during the 18th century represents a groundbreaking achievement in military engineering, showcasing the advanced technical knowledge of the Bourbon naval fleet. This doctoral thesis highlights the unprecedented challenge posed by this project, which involved two distinct phases: design and implementation. Through an analysis of numerous projects and the construction process, the study reveals how the basin's development set a milestone in illustrated technical culture. The research emphasizes the significance of understanding both the genesis and execution of such complex architectural works to appreciate their historical impact on naval engineering.

La Problemática Tiwanaku en Chile: Visión retrospectiva

Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture — 2011 — WHEB32328B8CC

A retrospective analysis of Tiwanaku studies in Chile reveals the enduring significance and complexity of this archaeological problem, spanning over 70 years. The study highlights key milestones, including Max Uhle's influential work presented at the 1st Scientific Congress in 1918, which established the sphere of influence of Tiwanaku culture. It also notes the recognition of this topic's importance within pre-Columbian studies, culminating in a proposed symposium at the 4th National Archeology Congress in Talca (2011). The research approach combines historical review and critical analysis to underscore the problemática Tiwanaku's relevance in Chilean archaeology.

La Seconda Intifada nella stampa italiana. La crisi della Basilica della Nativita a Betlemme

Birthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem — 2011 — WHE7478608E1D

Italian press coverage during the Second Intifada, particularly regarding the 2002 siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, revealed a troubling nexus between anti-Zionism and anti-Semitic stereotypes. The study identified discursive elements from historical Catholic anti-Judaism, racial anti-Semitism, Marxist critiques, and contemporary anti-Israeli sentiment, suggesting that anti-Zionist rhetoric in some media sources drew from an 'anti-Jewish archive.' This analysis, based on articles and cartoons from Italian newspapers and journals, highlights the risks of conflating political opposition to Zionism with anti-Semitic tropes. The research employed qualitative discourse analysis to examine how these narratives were constructed and disseminated during a critical period of Israel-Palestine conflict.

La Traditio legis de Berzé-la-Ville : Entre tradition et innovation

Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments — 2011 — WHE4BCE5335B8

A wall painting in the apse of Berzé-la-Ville's chapel, depicting the Traditio legis et clavium, reveals how Romanesque art adapted early Christian iconographic themes to reflect Cluniac ecclesiology and contemporary political tensions, particularly during the Investiture Conflict. The study synthesizes Carolingian models, demonstrating their reinterpretation in response to 11th- and early 12th-century historical contexts. By analyzing French (Arles, Nevers, Andlau, Saint-Gilles de Montoire) and Italian examples (Rome, Milan, Pavia, Civate, Farfa, Castel S. Elia, Tivoli), the research highlights how church reforms shaped these artistic expressions across regions. This approach bridges tradition and innovation, offering insight into the period's religious and political dynamics.

La vagina dentada: una interpretación de la Estela 25 de Izapa y las guacamayas del juego de pelota de Copán

Maya Site of Copan — 2011 — WHE048C00671B

A new interpretation of the mythological motif of the 'toothed vagina' in Mesoamerica emerges from analyzing bird representations on Stela 25 at Izapa and Copán's ball court. The study identifies shared themes, including this motif, between the Popol Vuh's 'Seven Macaw' narrative—a variant of a widespread cosmogonic myth—and other regional myths. This reveals previously unknown details about sexual symbolism in Mesoamerican creation stories, linking Izapa and Copán's art to broader mythological traditions.

Labour Migration and Gendered Agricultural Relations: The Feminization of Agriculture in the Ejidal Sector of Calakmul, Mexico

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2011 — WHE84CF97C9E7

Male labor migration to the United States has significantly reshaped agricultural dynamics and gender roles in the ejidal sector of Calakmul, Mexico. Research reveals that while men's out-migration increases women's participation in farm labor, it also alters land tenure, decision-making, and management of hired labor, highlighting a 'feminization' of agriculture with nuanced impacts on local production relations. The study, based on a 2007 survey of 155 households across six ejidos and ethnographic fieldwork, underscores the need to distinguish between farm labor and management in semi-subsistence systems. Findings suggest that migration-driven gender shifts in agricultural roles are both substantial and context-specific, offering insights into the broader implications of rural out-migration on smallholder livelihoods.

Landscape change in the lower Omo valley, southwestern Ethiopia: burning patterns and woody encroachment in the savanna

Lower Valley of the Omo — 2011 — WHEA5B238074D

A study of the Lower Omo Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southwestern Ethiopia, reveals that bush encroachment in the savanna—driven by changes in fire and grazing practices—is not as directly linked to these factors as previously assumed. While Mursi agro-pastoralists attribute grassland loss over the past 30–40 years to increased human and livestock populations, more permanent settlements, and altered burning patterns (shifting from large, infrequent fires to small, frequent ones), ecological surveys found no strong causal relationship between fire, grazing, and encroachment. Additional pressures, such as state restrictions on mobility due to national park establishment, also contribute significantly to landscape change. The research underscores the complexity of savanna dynamics, suggesting that while anthropogenic factors play a role, they may not be the sole drivers of woody encroachment in this region.

Landscape of the Megaliths. Excavation and Fieldwork on the Avebury Monuments 1997–2003

Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites — 2011 — WHEF3566398FC

A comprehensive analysis of the Avebury Monuments reveals significant insights into the landscape's evolution and its connection to megalithic culture. The study, conducted through extensive excavation and fieldwork from 1997 to 2003, uncovered evidence of complex ritual practices and social organization among Neolithic communities. Key findings include detailed mapping of the site's layout, the identification of previously unknown structures, and the analysis of artifact distributions, which shed light on the site's function as a ceremonial center. The research employed advanced geophysical surveying techniques alongside traditional archaeological methods to reconstruct the landscape's development over time. This work not only enhances our understanding of Avebury's historical significance but also provides a model for studying other megalithic sites.

Language and Society in Early Colonial Peru

City of Cuzco — 2011 — WHEF64FBE81D4

Historical research on the relationship between language and society in early colonial Peru reveals significant gaps, particularly regarding Andean languages post-Spanish Conquest. This study addresses these gaps by integrating linguistic contributions with ethnohistorical data to identify speakers of Andean languages and reconstruct their contexts. It examines two key cases: the spread of Quechua along Peru's central coast, including interactions in the Lima valley, and the boundaries of Quechua in the Cuzco region, influenced by Inca resettlement policies that persisted briefly under Spanish rule. Additionally, it explores how indigenous populations in Lima and Cuzco adapted to Spanish linguistic dominance. The research combines published sources with archival data, offering a nuanced understanding of linguistic and societal dynamics during this transitional period.

Lanternfish (Pisces: Myctophidae) biomass distribution and oceanographic–topographic associations at Macquarie Island, Southern Ocean

Macquarie Island — 2011 — WHE23BAFA2A96

Lanternfish biomass at Macquarie Island is significantly enhanced where the Subantarctic Front (SAF) interacts with the Ridge Gap, a topographic break in the Macquarie Ridge. This study documents for the first time the summertime lanternfish assemblage, dominated by Krefftichthys anderssoni and Gymnoscopelus braueri, revealing mean biomass of 3.13 g per 1000 m³ in the Ridge Gap—nearly five times higher than over the Abyssal Plain (0.71 g) and double that on the Macquarie Ridge (1.26 g). The research suggests that oceanographic-topographic interactions, such as eddy systems and productivity fronts, play a crucial role in attracting lanternfish to this region. These findings highlight the vulnerability of this ecosystem to climate-mediated changes, with potential cascading effects on commercially and conservationally significant predators.

Large scale modeling of the transport, chemical transformation and mass budget of the sulfur emitted during the April 2007 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise

Pitons, cirques and remparts of Reunion Island — 2011 — WHE0FC840EC8B

During the April 2007 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise, one of the largest eruptions recorded on Réunion Island in the last century, a total of 230 kilotons of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) were emitted, with 60 kilotons transforming into sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). Using satellite observations and mesoscale chemical modeling (MesoNH-C), researchers estimated that 27 kilotons of SO₂ and 21 kilotons of H₂SO₄ were deposited at the surface through dry deposition. The study also reconstructed the temporal evolution of SO₂ emissions, identifying a peak degassing rate of 1800 kg/s on April 6. This top-down approach provides valuable data for local studies and enhances understanding of volcanic sulfur cycling in atmospheric models.

Laser Scanning the Past for the Future: Baalbek Temple

Baalbek — 2011 — WHE8A53F2A9D9

A three-dimensional survey of Baalbek's archaeological site, employing laser scanning and photogrammetric techniques, has successfully identified critical hazards and threats affecting the UNESCO World Heritage Property. This approach, part of a capacity-building initiative funded by UNESCO following Lebanon's 2006 war, enabled the development of a risk preparedness strategy (RPS) to safeguard the site's significance and integrity. The multidisciplinary collaboration involving experts from Lebanon, Taiwan, and Belgium demonstrated the efficacy of advanced digital documentation in mitigating risks to cultural heritage.

Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of the Lake Baikal depression and formation of its unique biodiversity

Lake Baikal — 2011 — WHE4EC0C6BC73

Lake Baikal's unique biodiversity, one of the planet's oldest and deepest freshwater lakes, has been shaped by dramatic environmental changes over the past 70 million years. This study reveals a strong correlation between geological transformations—such as shifts in abiotic elements—and the evolution of its biota. While some taxa emerged around 70 million years ago, the majority formed during significant environmental upheavals 4–3 million years ago, with the youngest species appearing between 1.8 and 0.15 million years ago amid superdeep lake conditions and glaciations. The research integrates geological and molecular-biological chronologies to demonstrate how abiotic changes influenced biotic assemblages, highlighting the interplay between environmental shifts and biodiversity formation.

Late Holocene climatic changes revealed by mineralogical records from lacustrine core KS-2006 from Lake Kusai in the Hoh Xil area, northern Tibetan Plateau

Qinghai Hoh Xil — 2011 — WHEA8A151A691

A new study reveals distinct late Holocene climatic shifts on the northern Tibetan Plateau, with significant implications for understanding regional environmental changes. Analysis of mineral assemblages from Lake Kusai's sediment core KS-2006 indicates that aragonite content reflects temperature variations, while the emergence of salt minerals since 2150 cal BP signals rising lake salinity. The research identifies three key climatic phases: a warm period (3770–2550 cal BP), a gradual cooling phase (2550–2150 cal BP), and a cold, dry era with intensified wind activity (2150 cal BP–present), punctuated by a notable warm interval between 900–700 cal BP. The study leverages mineralogical records to reconstruct past climate conditions, offering insights into the interplay between temperature, salinity, and wind dynamics in this ecologically sensitive region.

Lateral migration of fish between an oxbow lake and an Amazonian headwater river

Manú National Park — 2011 — WHE05A61CC025

Researchers discovered that fish in Manu National Park, Peru, exhibit strategic lateral migration between Cocha Cashu oxbow lake and the adjacent Manu River during wet season flood pulses. The study found that most exiting fish were gravid, suggesting they leave the lake to spawn in the river or elsewhere, while entering fish had recently spawned and full stomachs, indicating successful foraging before migration. This behavior was consistent across species of similar size. To investigate these movements, the team used a bi-directional funnel trap in the connecting channel during high water interludes over two rainy seasons (2005–2006), capturing 4090 fish from 60 species and analyzing gonadal state and stomach contents.

Latitudinal variation in macroalgal consumption by fishes on the Great Barrier Reef

Great Barrier Reef — 2011 — WHEF9A427979E

A significant decline in macroalgal consumption by herbivorous fishes from north to south along the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) was identified, driven primarily by behavioral changes in four dominant species rather than biomass or density differences. Despite consistent dominance by Naso unicornis, Kyphosus vaigiensis, Siganus doliatus, and S. canaliculatus—accounting for over 85% of bites across regions—their feeding rates dropped by an order of magnitude in the south. This study highlights that even structurally similar herbivore communities can have vastly different functional impacts on reef ecosystems due to localized behavioral variations.