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Showing 29381 – 29400 of 30315 publications

A Study of the Architectonic Development of the Great Funerary Tumuli in the Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri

Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia — 2010 — WHED1A18BDB5C

Research reveals that the Great Funerary Tumuli in the Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri underwent significant architectonic development, marked by evolving structural and decorative elements. The study identifies a progression from simpler, more utilitarian designs to complex, multi-chambered tombs adorned with intricate reliefs and paintings, reflecting both functional and symbolic advancements. Analyzing architectural features such as chamber layouts, entryways, and decorative motifs, the research traces these changes over time, providing insights into Etruscan burial practices and cultural evolution. Published in 2010, this work contributes to our understanding of Etruscan funerary architecture by highlighting its dynamic nature and regional variations.

A Study on Cultural and Environmental Basics at Formal Elements of Persian Gardens (before & after Islam)

The Persian Garden — 2010 — WHEE715CA3A8D

Persian gardens, both pre-Islamic and Islamic, embody enduring cultural and environmental principles that have remained consistent despite historical changes. The study identifies these core elements—rooted in ancient Iranian culture and beliefs—as foundational to garden design, maintaining their significance through material and structural evolution. By analyzing cultural-environmental criteria unique to Iran, the research reveals how Persian gardens represent an idealized perfection of architectural principles, blending tradition with innovation. This approach underscores the resilience of these principles, offering insights for architects and historians alike.

A Study on the Farmland Conservation in Gokayama Ainokura Village

Historic Villages of Shirakawa-go and Gokayama — 2010 — WHE5C8BE1520F

Research on farmland conservation in Gokayama Ainokura Village, Japanreveals a critical gap between historical land use, current agricultural practices, and future conservation goals. The study highlights financial challenges in sustaining existing conservation projects while emphasizing the need for role-sharing among stakeholders, greater awareness of historic land use as cultural heritage, and zoning strategies such as core conservation areas to balance preservation with natural reversion. By analyzing transitions in land use and project feasibility, the research provides actionable recommendations for long-term farmland conservation in this culturally significant region.

A Study on the Musical Changes of Takjeong, Seonwi, Sinjeong, Jeongse in Jongmyo Jeryeak

Jongmyo Shrine — 2010 — WHE45FD74B939

This study reveals that the traditional musical compositions Takjeong, Seonwi, Sinjeong, and Jeongse, performed at Jongmyo Shrine, underwent significant rhythmic changes in the early 20th century. The research reconstructs their original forms using historical rhythm notations (jeongganbo) from different eras, interpreting them to uncover their evolutionary process. Unlike previous methods that treated jeongganbo as a single unit per beat, this study identifies the fundamental pulse by analyzing the relationship between rhythm and musical notes, particularly focusing on the janggo (drum) beats. The findings show that Takjeong's original rhythm was 2/4 time, which expanded to 8/4 in Seonwi, while Sinjeong and Jeongse retained a 4/4 structure. The study also highlights how later versions of these compositions, recorded in the Iwangjeogahakbo, deviated significantly from their lyrical context, contrasting with earlier versions that remained consistent.

A Study on the Origins of Class Room and Playground

New Lanark — 2010 — WHE655DA5240C

A groundbreaking study traces the origins of the classroom and playground to Robert Owen's New Institution for the Formation of Character, established in 1816 at New Lanark, Scotland. The research reveals that the concept of simultaneous education, later formalized in lectures within the institution, was influenced by Scottish universities' lecture methods, which aimed to produce skilled professionals in business and science. This connection extends the lineage of the classroom back to university lecture rooms, providing a historical framework for understanding the evolution of educational spaces in elementary schools across the UK.

A Study on Visitors' Cognition and Expectation to Provided Information, and Factors Affecting their Attitude in Shiretoko National Park

Shiretoko — 2010 — WHE81E6638571

A significant portion of visitors to Shiretoko National Park, around 30%, only became aware of enforced traffic controls upon arrival, highlighting gaps in pre-visit information dissemination. The study reveals that visitors often lack understanding of critical safety and environmental risk management information, particularly regarding visitor behavior for environmental conservation. Key expectations for both prior and on-site information focused on weather forecasts, brown bear encounters, and traffic control—factors that significantly influence visitor activity and destination choices. Visitors' prior experience in Shiretoko, transportation type, and dwelling location influenced their access to information and cognitive levels. Prior experience also shaped their expectations regarding the content of provided information. The research underscores the need for a well-designed, stage-specific system to deliver environment-friendly information effectively, from planning to arrival.

A tale of three villages: choosing an effective method for assessing poaching levels in western Serengeti, Tanzania

Serengeti National Park — 2010 — WHE3E701BCDA6

Poaching for bushmeat poses a significant threat to wildlife conservation, particularly in the Serengeti ecosystem. A study comparing three methods—self-reported poaching activities, dietary recall of bushmeat consumption, and arrest records from anti-poaching patrols—revealed that dietary recall and arrest records provided consistent estimates of poaching levels across three villages bordering Serengeti National Park, unlike self-reporting, which yielded significantly different results. This suggests that combining dietary recall data with arrest records offers a more reliable approach to assessing poaching activity when anti-poaching unit data is unreliable or unavailable.

A third new Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Truong Son Range, Vietnam

Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and Hin Nam No National Park — 2010 — WHEE508E6F066

Researchers have identified a third new species of bent-toed gecko, Cyrtodactylus roesleri, within Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Vietnam. This discovery highlights the remarkable biodiversity of the park's karst forests, where 15 new reptilian taxa have been described in the past decade alone. C. roesleri is distinguished by its small size (up to 75.3 mm), distinctive dorsal pattern featuring dark transverse bands, and unique morphological traits such as enlarged subcaudal scales and a continuous series of precloacal and femoral pores in males. The study underscores the sympatric occurrence of three Cyrtodactylus species in the region, contributing to Vietnam's rich herpetological diversity with this being the 19th known species of the genus. The findings were derived from morphological analysis, emphasizing the need for continued exploration and conservation efforts in these ecologically significant areas.

A Unique Sphinx Of Amenhotep II

Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region — 2010 — WHE55B33C8CB1

Archaeological research at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Gebel Barkal and the Napatan Region has uncovered a unique sphinx of Amenhotep II, distinct from other Egyptian statues found in the area. Unlike many monuments that appear to have been transported from elsewhere in Nubia, this sphinx may have been specifically designed for the temple complex at Gebel Barkal. Notably, there is no evidence of a companion piece depicting the king's dominance over northern foes, suggesting it stood alone as a symbol of Egypt's control over its southern boundary. The study highlights the significance of this sphinx within the broader context of Egyptian thematic programs and its potential role in reinforcing Egypt's geopolitical influence during Amenhotep II's reign.

A Visual Documentation of Fil-Hispanic Churches

Baroque Churches of the Philippines — 2010 — WHE0023D7BDB7

Fil-Hispanic churches in the Philippines exhibit unique artistic characteristics, such as low, squat proportions and 'earthquake baroque' architecture, reflecting the adaptation of introduced motifs to local contexts. A recent study aims to deepen understanding of this heritage by analyzing how Filipino cultures responded to artistic and social factors over time. The research leverages a vast collection of photographs from the Archives of the University of Santo Tomas, sourced through collaboration between the National Committee of Monuments and Sites (NCMS) and the Permanent Committee for Cultural Heritage of the Church. This visual documentation serves as a critical step toward 'owning' this cultural heritage, though further exploration is needed to fully grasp its spiritual and artistic implications.

Abbildungsverzeichnis

Monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas and Nea Moni of Chios — 2010 — WHE1B9F70D7BB

A comprehensive analysis of the Byzantine monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas, and Nea Moni of Chios reveals significant insights into their historical, architectural, and cultural significance. The study explores the evolution of Byzantine art, architecture, and literary traditions through multiple lenses, including the dating of monastic texts, the interpretation of sacred spaces, and the analysis of epigraphic evidence. It also examines the political and social dynamics of late Byzantium, such as the division of booty and the role of emperors in monastic patronage. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating historical documentation, literary analysis, and architectural studies to uncover the complexities of these UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Abitare il paesaggio. Lavorare nel paesaggio. Il caso di Langhe e Roero

Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato — 2010 — WHE28A0DF6257

A balanced approach to landscape management is essential for the sustainable development of Piedmont's Langhe-Roero wine regions. The study highlights that the area's reputation for wine excellence and tourism growth must be guided by shared visions to maintain ecological balance and aesthetic quality. It emphasizes the need for collaborative governance involving local authorities, stakeholders, and policymakers to ensure development aligns with landscape preservation. This approach aims to harmonize economic progress with environmental stewardship, offering a model for similar heritage sites facing similar challenges.

Aboriginal rock art depictions of fauna: What can they tell us about the natural history of the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area?

Greater Blue Mountains Area — 2010 — WHEB30A94103F

Aboriginal rock art in the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area (GBMWHA) provides valuable insights into the natural history of the region, particularly regarding mammal distributions. Research since 2001 has uncovered numerous previously unknown rock art sites, especially in Wollemi National Park, which depict a variety of animals. By integrating archaeological studies, contemporary Aboriginal knowledge, and natural history data, this study reveals patterns of past and present mammal distributions while addressing the challenges of reconciling different databases and knowledge systems over time. The findings highlight the potential for such interdisciplinary approaches to deepen our understanding of ecological changes. Additionally, the research underscores threats to both cultural and natural heritage, particularly from altered fire regimes and climate change, which pose risks to both mammals and rock art sites.

Accumulation rates of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in petrel colony soil: Adams Island, New Zealand subantarctic

New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands — 2010 — WHE074644A3C8

Research on Adams Island, part of the New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands, reveals that petrel colony soils exhibit extremely low retention rates for carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). Accumulation rates, calculated using radiocarbon dating across multiple soil profiles, show that while these rates are approximately double those previously reported from Taukihepa/Big South Cape, the proportion of nutrients retained remains minimal. The study, which excavated four soil profiles 50 meters apart and analyzed elemental inventories, found consistent accumulation rates despite varying depth intervals. These findings suggest that the colder climate and lower leaf litter quality on Adams Island may contribute to higher nutrient dispersion compared to other subantarctic regions.

Actual and Inferred Checklist of the Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, with Attendant Ant and Host Plant Associations

Great Smoky Mountains National Park — 2010 — WHEE763F18186

A comprehensive survey of aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park identified 121 actual species, with statistical estimates suggesting a total of 201–214 species may inhabit the region. The study, conducted between 2003 and 2006 as part of the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory, also documented attendant ants and host plants for each aphid species. By cross-referencing park plant records with a North American aphid catalog, researchers inferred an additional 85 species likely present in the park, bringing the total to 206. This work provides a foundational checklist for understanding aphid biodiversity in this UNESCO World Heritage Site and its ecological interactions.

Acute and Chronic Intakes of Fallout Radionuclides by Marshallese from Nuclear Weapons Testing at Bikini and Enewetak and Related Internal Radiation Doses

Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site — 2010 — WHE597464C1E3

A comprehensive assessment of internal radiation doses from nuclear fallout reveals that Marshallese residents, particularly those on Rongelap Island, experienced significantly higher thyroid radiation exposure compared to other atolls. The study estimates acute and chronic intakes of 63 radionuclides from Bikini and Enewetak tests (1946–1958) using historical bioassay data and fallout models, with adult thyroid doses reaching up to 7,600 mGy on Rongelap—far exceeding levels in populated atolls like Kwajalein and Majuro. The research tailors dose conversion coefficients for particulate fallout intake, providing the most complete radionuclide exposure estimates for the Marshall Islands, which were later used to project lifetime cancer risks.

Adaptive management of the Great Barrier Reef: A globally significant demonstration of the benefits of networks of marine reserves

Great Barrier Reef — 2010 — WHE2EFDE6C6D3

Large-scale networks of marine reserves significantly enhance the resilience and biodiversity of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), demonstrating their critical role in adaptive management. A comprehensive review reveals that no-take zones benefit targeted fish species, sharks, coral abundance, and ecosystem health by reducing crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks. While mobile species like sharks show lesser benefits compared to site-attached fish, reserves also contribute to fisheries sustainability and tourism value protection. Spatial analyses confirm the effectiveness of best-practice conservation principles even in data-poor situations. Economic evaluations suggest net benefits from expanded marine reserve networks, with protection costs being minimal relative to reef tourism revenue. The implementation of an Outlook Report provides a framework for regular environmental assessment and policy adaptation, offering a cost-effective strategy to mitigate climate change impacts on the GBR.

African Palaeoenvironments and Geomorphic Landscape Evolution

Tsodilo — 2010 — WHEE81A0723A8

A comprehensive analysis of African palaeoenvironments and geomorphic landscape evolution reveals significant insights into the region's environmental changes since the last glacial maximum (LGM). The study, featuring contributions from multiple experts, employs a range of methods including geomorphic process interpretation, land management evaluation, climate reconstructions based on fluvial deposits, sedimentary records, and phytolith analysis. It highlights the complex interplay between climate, hydrology, and human activity in shaping landscapes across diverse regions such as the Geba Basin in Ethiopia, the Namib Desert, Tsodilo Hills in Botswana, and Southern Cameroon. The research underscores the importance of integrating multi-disciplinary approaches to understand past environmental conditions and their implications for present-day landscapes.

African weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species

Forest Massif of Odzala-Kokoua — 2010 — WHE9DE05D33D6

Researchers have identified eleven distinct species of weakly electric fishes (Petrocephalus) within Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo, including five previously undescribed species. These findings were based on morphological and electric signal characteristics, along with genetic evidence from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene analysis, which confirmed reproductive isolation among the species. Notably, Petrocephalus guttatus was reclassified to the genus Pollimyrus. The study provides a dichotomous key for distinguishing these species, contributing significantly to our understanding of biodiversity in the Lékoli River drainage and the Congo River basin.

Age and Growth ofAcrossocheilus fasciatus(Barbinae, Cyprinidae) from the Puxi Stream in the Huangshan Mountain, China

Mount Huangshan — 2010 — WHEB988AC0B14

Research on the age and growth of Acrossocheilus fasciatus, a fish species found in the Puxi Stream of Huangshan Mountain, China, reveals distinct growth patterns between sexes. While both females and males exhibit four age groups, annulus formation varies seasonally, occurring from March to April for the first ring and August to September for subsequent rings. Significant differences were observed in length-weight relationships but not in length-scale radius relationships. Back-calculated total lengths increased significantly with age for both sexes, suggesting potential size homomorphism. Growth curves indicated no inflection point in total length but revealed inflection points in total weight at 6.8 years for females and 5.2 years for males. The study provides valuable insights into the growth dynamics of this species, which could inform conservation efforts in the UNESCO-listed Huangshan site.