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Ngapakaldia bonythoni (Marsupialia, Diprotodontidae): new material from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, and a reassessment of the genus Bematherium

Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte) — 2010 — WHE72F328EB4D

New fossil material of the extinct marsupial Ngapakaldia bonythoni from Riversleigh, Queensland, extends its known temporal and geographic range into multiple Oligo-Miocene deposits. The exceptional preservation of these fossils allowed for a detailed description of previously unknown cranial and dental features, supporting the reassessment that Bematherium angulum is a junior synonym of N. bonythoni. While N. bonythoni shares morphological similarities with its smaller congener N. tedfordi, their distinct distributions—N. tedfordi absent at Riversleigh—reinforce their separation as two species. The shared presence of N. bonythoni across multiple Faunal Zone A deposits and the Ngapakaldi Local Fauna further supports a late Oligocene age for these sites.

Nitrogen content and respiration rate in leaves of the Wrangel Island plants

Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve — 2010 — WHE6085AEE9A4

A study on Wrangel Island (71° N) reveals that the protein nitrogen content and respiration rates of 22 herbaceous species exceed those of temperate zone plants by 1.3- and 2.4-fold, respectively, at 10°C. Unlike temperate plants, no significant correlation was found between protein nitrogen content and respiration rate (r² = 0.137), suggesting that protein content does not directly determine respiration in Arctic plants. The findings challenge the use of indirect metrics like nitrogen content for modeling carbon cycles in northern ecosystems and underscore the importance of direct respiration measurements in natural habitats.

Non destructive testing in situ, of works of art by stimulated infra-red thermography

Abbey Church of Saint-Savin sur Gartempe — 2010 — WHE88402D38FA

Stimulated infra-red thermography emerges as a powerful, non-destructive tool for detecting hidden defects in historic mural paintings. This study demonstrates its effectiveness in identifying separations and air voids in renowned works of art, including the UNESCO-listed Abbey Church of Saint-Savin sur Gartempe, the Louvre’s Saint Christopher, and Jean Cocteau’s frescoes in Villefranche-sur-Mer. The technique relies on thermal imaging to reveal subsurface anomalies without physical intervention, offering invaluable insights for conservation efforts. By analyzing temperature variations induced by infrared stimulation, researchers can pinpoint areas of delamination or deterioration, enabling targeted restoration interventions while preserving cultural heritage.

Non-Invasive Genetic Identification of the Red FoxVulpes vulpesin the Shiretoko National Park, Eastern Hokkaido, Japan

Shiretoko — 2010 — WHE18455BA270

A groundbreaking study in Shiretoko National Park, Japan, demonstrates that non-invasive genetic analysis of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) feces can effectively estimate population numbers with high accuracy. Using microsatellite analysis on 59 fecal samples, researchers identified a minimum of 22 individual foxes, with a cumulative probability of sibling misidentification (P(ID)sibs) below 0.01. The study highlights the potential of fecal genetic sampling for wildlife monitoring but also underscores challenges such as low genotyping success rates (23.3–69.8%) and reproducibility (53.5–88.4%). To improve efficiency, the research suggests selecting marker sets with smaller allele sizes, which significantly enhances both success rates and reproducibility. This approach offers a valuable tool for conservation efforts in remote or inaccessible areas like Shiretoko.

Notes on some plant-inhabiting fungi collected from the Nansei Islands (3)

Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island — 2010 — WHE18FC2EF3AB

A new fungal species, Capnodiastrum sawadae, was identified from Tokunoshima Island, Japan, following the reclassification of Phaeodiscula tremae due to duplicate nomenclature. Additionally, three other plant-inhabiting fungi—Pestalotiopsis fici on Ardisia quinquegona and Nyssopsora formosana on Koelreuteria formosana from Okinawa Main Island, and Pseudocercospora acaciaeconfusae on Acacia confusa from Okinoerabu Island—were newly recorded in Japan. The study contributes to the documentation of fungal biodiversity in the Nansei Islands, highlighting taxonomic revisions and range expansions for these species.

Notes on the Status and Ecology ofAnaea troglodyta floridalis(Nymphalidae) in Everglades National Park

Everglades National Park — 2010 — WHE1782DA4A80

A decade-long survey in Everglades National Park revealed that the butterfly Anaea troglodyta floridalis thrives in disturbed habitats, particularly after prescribed fires and hurricanes. The species showed resilience, with populations rebounding quickly post-fire and post-storm, suggesting adaptability to environmental perturbations. While most active from late fall to early spring, its abundance fluctuated annually within Long Pine Key's pine rocklands. This study highlights the ecological flexibility of A. t. floridalis, offering insights into its survival strategies in dynamic ecosystems.

Notes on the Status and Ecology ofStrymon acis bartrami(Lycaenidae) in Everglades National Park

Everglades National Park — 2010 — WHE8BAC2C8265

A decade-long survey of Strymon acis bartrami, a butterfly species native to the pine rocklands of Everglades National Park, revealed that its populations are generally uncommon but resilient. The study found that while the species is slow to recolonize areas after prescribed fires, cyclic burning patterns and proximity to host plant refugia may facilitate post-burn recovery. Additionally, S. a. bartrami appears to recover quickly following hurricane events in the Everglades. The research, conducted by Salvato and Salvato (2010), tracked 77 adult specimens primarily during spring months, providing insights into its phenology, natural history, and response to environmental disturbances.

Nouvelles faunes de rongeurs (Mammalia, Rodentia) d'âge miocène moyen en Languedoc-Roussillon (Sud de la France) ; biostratigraphie et corrélations

Historic Site of Lyon — 2010 — WHE06EFA12146

Newly discovered Middle Miocene rodent fossils from two sites in southern France, Blanquatère 3 and Puisserguier, provide critical insights for biostratigraphic correlations. These findings refine the chronological framework of the region, positioning Blanquatère 3 as slightly older than Vieux-Collonges and both older than La Grive. Additionally, the presence of the genus Cricetodon in these sites allows for revisited correlations with well-known localities from the Lyon area. The study leverages detailed analysis of fossil-bearing levels interstratified within marine to brackish-lake deposits, dating Blanquatère 3 to approximately 15.5 million years ago and Puisserguier to around 14 million years ago. These age estimates align with the Serravallian stage, enhancing our understanding of the Miocene chronostratigraphy in this region.

Nouvelles Inscriptions Arameennes Du Temple De Nannay a Hatra

Hatra — 2010 — WHE13E3AAEB0D

New Aramaic inscriptions from the Temple of Nannay at Hatra, discovered during 1992 excavations by the Iraq Antiquities Service, reveal significant insights into the religious and architectural practices of ancient Hatra. The inscriptions, published and translated by Dr. Jabir Kh. Ibrahim, are part of a broader corpus of Hatra's inscriptions and continue its established numbering system. The building, featuring two broad rooms with three entrances each and a square stone cellar, is structurally similar to the third sanctuary in Hatra's eastern part, suggesting it may be the fourteenth sanctuary dedicated to the goddess Nannay. This discovery enhances our understanding of Hatra's religious landscape and its architectural coherence.

Nuevos género y especie de la familia Lethaxonidae (Acari, Parasitengona, Hydrachnidia) de la isla de Coiba (Panamá)

Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection — 2010 — WHE0C0EC1BB04

A new genus and species, Transitia carlosi, from the Lethaxonidae family of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) has been discovered in the intersticial environment of a small river on Coiba Island, Panama. This finding expands the known biodiversity of the region with its unique morphological traits, including an elongated body shape, three linearly arranged pairs of acetabula, and distinct male gonopore positioning relative to genital acetabula. The study also highlights slight sexual dimorphism in male leg structure. The research involved a morphological review of adult specimens, providing new insights into the taxonomy and diversity of Lethaxonidae mites in Central America's freshwater ecosystems.

Nuevos registros y extensiones de distribución de mamíferos para Guanajuato, México

Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines — 2010 — WHEF30A5BE31A

A new study expands the known mammal biodiversity of Guanajuato, Mexico, by documenting 11 previously unrecorded species and extending the distribution ranges of 14 others. The research, conducted between 2003 and 2006 in the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve, identified 25 mammal species—including three endemic Mexican rodents (Peromyscus difficilis, P. levipes, and P. melanophrys) and the first record of the vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) for the state. The findings, based on 364 specimens from five families, update the region's mammal inventory to 98 species. Notably, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae was flagged as a protected species. This work strengthens baseline data for conservation efforts in one of Mexico's UNESCO-listed sites.

Nuovi scavi nella necropoli ipogeica di Sa Figu (Ittiri-Sassari): La Tomba IV

Funerary Tradition in the Prehistory of Sardinia – The domus de janas — 2010 — WHE2E8F7CA437

New excavations at the Bronze Age necropolis of Sa Figu (Ittiri, Sardinia) reveal that Tomba IV, an architecturally designed hypogeum, mirrors the characteristics of Nuragic 'tombs of the giant,' confirming their shared origin in the Early Middle Bronze Age (Sa Turricula phase). The study also documents reuse during the late Iron Age, shedding light on funerary practices of this period. Additionally, it demonstrates that these hypogeic tombs derive from a tradition of imitating megalithic 'tombs of the giant,' tracing back to Neolithic 'domus de janas' structures.

Nyctereutes lockwoodi, n. sp., a new canid (Carnivora: Mammalia) from the middle Pliocene of Dikika, Lower Awash, Ethiopia

Lower Valley of the Awash — 2010 — WHE762FAC45C8

Paleontologists have identified Nyctereutes lockwoodi, a new species of canid, from middle Pliocene sediments in Dikika, Ethiopia. This discovery, based on fossil remains recovered by the Dikika Research Project, provides critical insights into the evolutionary history of carnivores during this period. The study employed detailed morphological analysis to distinguish N. lockwoodi from other known canid species, revealing unique cranial and dental features that suggest it occupied a distinct ecological niche. This finding contributes to our understanding of mammalian diversification in Africa during the Pliocene, a time marked by significant climatic and environmental changes.

Obscuring the Inequalities of Slavery: Identifying Differential Access to Ceramics at Monticello

Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville — 2010 — WHE964D4154E0

Differential access to expensive ceramic vessels among enslaved individuals at Monticello during Thomas Jefferson's residency (1770s–1790s) was linked to their proximity to his mansion. This study reveals that enslaved people closer to the mansion had greater access to costly ceramics, suggesting Jefferson distributed such items to obscure the brutal inequalities of slavery from his view and visitors. Using historical documents, archaeological materials, and the Digital Archaeological Archive of Comparative Slavery (DAACS) database, researchers analyzed ceramic assemblages from Mulberry Row and the Elizabeth Hemings site, building on prior scholarship by Diana Crader, William Adams, and Sarah Boling.

Occurrence of leaf rust of canna in Singapore caused by Puccinia thaliae

Singapore Botanic Gardens — 2010 — WHE6BB8C17E1E

A first recorded occurrence of leaf rust disease on canna plants in Singapore, caused by the fungus Puccinia thaliae, has been documented. The study identified distinct orange lesions on infected leaves, which release spores and lead to plant decline. Morphological analysis confirmed the pathogen as P. thaliae, with urediniospores measuring 36.63 ± 1.63 μm × 26.88 ± 0.88 μm, characterized by thick, echinulate walls. Koch’s postulates were satisfied through controlled inoculation, confirming the pathogen's role in disease development. The rust has previously been reported from Hawaii, India, and South Africa but was undocumented in Singapore until this study. The research highlights the potential impact of P. thaliae on ornamental canna plants, which are widely used in landscaping.

Occurrence of the Phoronid Phoronopsis albomaculata in Cocos Island, Costa Rica

Cocos Island National Park — 2010 — WHEBE31771C09

A rare discovery of the phoronid Phoronopsis albomaculata in Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica, marks the first recorded presence of a phoronid species in Costa Rican waters and the second locality in the eastern Pacific. This finding, derived from a subtidal benthic survey (28–35 m depth) in Bahía Chatham, provides critical taxonomic insights into the species' morphological traits, such as its epidermal collar, lophophore coiling, and nephridia structure. The study also compares depth and abundance patterns with previous records, contributing to our understanding of this widespread yet poorly documented marine organism. Cocos Island offers unique ecological significance due to its remote and pristine environment.

Oceanic rafting by a coastal community

New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands — 2010 — WHE7A478F2B6B

This study provides the first direct evidence that oceanic rafting on macroalgae can transport diverse intertidal organisms across hundreds of kilometers, facilitating trans-oceanic dispersal and landfall. Researchers documented the rafting of 10 epifaunal invertebrate species attached to six large bull kelp specimens, traveling from the subantarctic Auckland or Snares Islands to mainland New Zealand's Otago coast—a journey spanning 400–600 km. Using phylogeographic and ecological data, the study demonstrates that passive rafting can simultaneously enable long-distance transport and successful colonization of multiple coastal taxa, challenging previous assumptions about the viability of such dispersal mechanisms in isolated ecosystems.

Ocorrência de flebotomíneos (Diptera, Psychodidae) em focos de leishmanioses, em área de ecoturismo do entorno do Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses, Brasil

Lençóis Maranhenses National Park — 2010 — WHE3C7A6FE3FE

A study around Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil, identified Lutzomyia whitmani as the dominant sand fly species (46.6% of 6,658 specimens), alongside L. longipalpis (29.9%) and other vectors linked to leishmaniasis transmission. This high prevalence correlates with elevated rates of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Barreirinhas municipality between 2000–2005, suggesting active transmission dynamics. Researchers used field captures spanning multiple years (2004–2008) to assess species distribution and abundance, revealing critical insights for public health monitoring in ecotourism areas adjacent to the park.

Of Gardens: Selected Essays

Palace and Park of Versailles — 2010 — WHEEF12C8B1E6

Of Gardens: Selected Essays by Peter Deitz offers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution and influence of landscape design, with a particular focus on notable figures and their contributions to garden aesthetics. The work delves into the lives and works of prominent landscape architects such as Beatrix Farrand, Russell Page, and Dan Kiley, highlighting their innovative approaches and the cultural significance of their designs. It also examines historical gardens, including those at Versailles, and their enduring impact on urban planning and public spaces. Through a blend of scholarly analysis and narrative storytelling, Deitz provides insights into the intersection of art, history, and nature, emphasizing how these elements shape our understanding of garden design.

Of the manner in which the city of Cuzco is built, of the four royal roads which lead from it, of the grand edifices it contained, and who was its founder

City of Cuzco — 2010 — WHECA4123B9B4

The city of Cuzco was strategically built in a rugged mountainous terrain surrounded by two streams and valleys, with its layout reflecting ancient Incan urban planning. The site's division into Hanan-Cuzco (upper) and Hurin-Cuzco (lower) sections housed noble families, while the hill of Carmenca featured solar observation towers, indicating advanced astronomical knowledge. The city's fortified structures, such as those on the northern mountain, showcased impressive engineering, though many remain in ruins today. This 16th-century account by Pedro de Cieza de León provides a detailed ethnographic and architectural description, offering insights into Incan civilization's spatial organization, regional divisions (Antisuyu, Chincha-suyu, Collao, Cunti-suyu), and environmental adaptation.