World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

Showing 3621 – 3640 of 15962 publications

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis of Borobudur Temple Reviews Use Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Borobudur Temple Compounds — 2024 — WHEA4C99E5017

An analysis of Borobudur Temple reviews reveals that accessibility and visual image are the most critical aspects needing improvement to enhance visitor satisfaction. Using Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, researchers identified these areas as having the highest concentration of negative sentiment, which could significantly impact tourism growth. The study highlights the importance of aspect-based sentiment analysis in managing tourist attractions effectively. However, the model's accuracy was limited to 0.8148 due to imbalanced data distribution across aspects and reviews.

Assessing changes in threatened black rockcod Epinephelus daemelii abundance and length over the past 15 years in New South Wales, Australia

Lord Howe Island Group — 2024 — WHE3176B4E27D

Despite being protected from fishing and spearfishing for over 40 years, the relative abundance of the threatened black rockcod (Epinephelus daemelii) has not increased over the past 15 years in New South Wales, Australia. A study comparing surveys conducted between 2009-2011 and 2023 found that while the proportion of mature females in the population has risen, overall abundance either declined or remained constant at long-term monitoring sites. This lack of recovery is concerning for a slow-growing, late-maturing species still vulnerable to incidental capture mortality. Researchers used roving diver timed counts and stereo-video measurements to assess relative abundance and length, revealing that more active management may be needed to aid the species' recovery.

Assessing Habitat Suitability: The Case of Black Rhino in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Ngorongoro Conservation Area — 2024 — WHE1C2970B362

Approximately 36% of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) in Tanzania provides suitable habitat for black rhinos year-round, though suitability shifts seasonally. During the wet season, anthropogenic pressures significantly reduce suitable habitat to 53.6%, while dry-season constraints on browse availability force rhinos to become less selective, diminishing the impact of human activity. A stable core area between Olmoti and the Crater, characterized by minimal disturbance, offers consistent suitability despite historical declines in areas like Oldupai Gorge. The study integrates remote sensing (Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope imagery) with field data using machine learning algorithms—recursive feature elimination and random forest—to identify key environmental and anthropogenic factors influencing habitat suitability. It highlights the need for adaptive conservation strategies to mitigate land degradation and protect rhino populations amid evolving pressures.

Assessing Industrial Heritage Through Collaborative Counter-Mapping: A Case Study of Salts Mill, UK

Saltaire — 2024 — WHE7144F6FC80

A groundbreaking approach to industrial heritage revitalization through arts-led regeneration has been demonstrated at Salts Mill, UK. This study reveals that integrating community perspectives and intangible cultural elements into the conservation process can significantly enhance long-term sustainability and foster resilient local development. Unlike traditional preservation methods, which focus solely on physical structures, this research employs collaborative counter-mapping to capture embodied experiences, local essence, and everyday life interactions facilitated by arts-led initiatives. The findings underscore the importance of prioritizing community engagement over mere building or collection conservation in post-industrial settings, offering a pioneering framework for future heritage management strategies.

Assessing Microplastics and Nanoparticles in the Surface Seawater of Venice Lagoon—Part I: Methodology of Research

Venice and its Lagoon — 2024 — WHEE55CA36427

A novel methodology for detecting and measuring microplastics (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) in surface seawater was developed and applied to samples from Venice Lagoon, revealing significant pollution levels. The study identified MPs through optical microscopy, categorizing them by color, shape, and size classes down to 32 μm—critical sizes for marine organisms. Nanoparticle concentrations were estimated using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, while a protocol minimizing non-plastic interference was proposed. Sampling focused on high-traffic areas like the Venice-Lido Port Inlet and Grand Canal under Rialto Bridge, highlighting potential environmental risks. This research, part of the H2020 In-No-Plastic project, underscores the need for coordinated mitigation strategies to address marine plastic pollution in UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Assessing the carrying capacity for the environmental protection of the ancient artworks of India’s Ajanta caves

Ajanta Caves — 2024 — WHEA90851C3F4

A doubling of visitors over 25 years at Ajanta Caves has significantly increased CO₂ levels and particulate matter, directly threatening the preservation of ancient murals. This study quantifies the environmental impacts—including humidity, microbial growth, sunlight exposure, and air quality—on mural deterioration, providing data-driven insights to guide sustainable tourism practices. By establishing a carrying capacity regime, it offers practical strategies for balancing public access with conservation, ensuring the protection of this UNESCO World Heritage Site for future generations. The research integrates art conservation, environmental science, and social aspects, offering globally applicable solutions for heritage management.

Assessing the consequences of recent climate change on World Heritage sites in South Greenland

Kujataa Greenland: Norse and Inuit Farming at the Edge of the Ice Cap — 2024 — WHEF3068F8C1E

Recent climate change is significantly accelerating the degradation of organic archaeological deposits in Kujataa Greenland. Over the past 40 years, rising soil temperatures combined with declining moisture levels have created conditions that threaten to erode irreplaceable cultural and environmental records. The study, using the CoupModel to simulate soil conditions at four sites, reveals that even coastal areas—previously considered stable—are now at risk due to warmer summers and drier soils. The greatest vulnerability lies in inland regions, home to Norse Viking Age settlements, where the combination of heat and aridity poses an immediate danger to preservation efforts. With 583 registered archaeological sites in the region, this research underscores the urgent need for adaptive conservation strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on these fragile deposits.

Assessing the Efficiency of Hotels in Uzbekistan’s Ancient Cities of Samarkand and Bukhara Using Data Envelopment Analysis

Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures — 2024 — WHE6C7756B23D

A study analyzing hotel efficiency in Samarkand and Bukhara, Uzbekistan's UNESCO World Heritage Sites, reveals significant disparities in resource allocation among 21 hotels. Only a few demonstrated optimal efficiency, while others struggled with labor and capital utilization. The research employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess input-output variables, providing actionable insights for hotel managers to enhance performance. This method offers a systematic approach to measuring efficiency, serving as a practical guideline for improving operational effectiveness in the hospitality sector of these culturally significant cities.

Assessing the geological relationships between the mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the Haib area and the Vuurdood Subsuite, Richtersveld Subprovince

Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape — 2024 — WHE39C451B06C

Research reveals a genetic link between the Kokerboom Intrusion (KI) and the Vuurdood Subsuite, both part of the Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape. The study demonstrates that pyroxenites from the KI contain magmatic sulphides with geochemical affinities to shallow plutonic and volcanic rocks associated with the Haib porphyry copper deposit, providing a mid-crustal perspective on its metallogenesis. Using lithological characteristics, mineral assemblages, major and trace element geochemistry, and U-Pb geochronology, the team established this connection, offering new insights into the geological relationships of Palaeoproterozoic porphyry copper deposits in Namibia.

Assessing the Impact of Domestic Cattle Influx on Grassland Habitat Using Remote Sensing and Soil Physical Parameters: A Study in Manas National Park

Manas Wildlife Sanctuary — 2024 — WHE11DE80BB61

A significant increase in domestic cattle influx within Manas National Park has been linked to substantial soil compaction and degradation of its unique grassland habitat, threatening endangered species dependent on this ecosystem. The study, spanning 21 years (1999–2020), used remote sensing—specifically pixel-based classification of satellite imagery—to track changes in land cover, revealing alarming shifts toward woodland and mosaic habitats due to overgrazing, ecological succession, and human encroachment. Physical soil parameters like bulk density, water content, and porosity were analyzed to assess their impact on vegetation composition. Ground truth data and land-cover definitions enhanced the accuracy of these findings. The research highlights the exponential growth of certain land cover types, underscoring the urgent need for conservation efforts to mitigate threats from climate change, human activities, and ecological processes.

Assessing the Impact of Lichens on Saint Simeon Church, Paşabağ Valley (Cappadocia, Turkey): Potential Damaging Effects versus Protection from Rainfall and Winds

Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia — 2024 — WHEB3730BBE34

Lichen colonization on Saint Simeon Church, part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, primarily offers protective benefits against weathering rather than causing damage. A multidisciplinary study found that lichens form encrustations with calcium oxalate layers, which mitigate water penetration and eolian erosion, reducing deterioration on the northwest side of the church despite exposure to wind-driven rain (WDR) and freezing-thawing cycles. In contrast, the northeast side, with lower lichen coverage, showed more severe weathering. The research highlights the potential for integrating lichen bioprotection into conservation strategies to enhance monument preservation.

Assessing the impact of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi on artisanal fisheries in the Venice Lagoon: an interdisciplinary approach

Venice and its Lagoon — 2024 — WHED5932DE36B

Massive blooms of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi (sea walnut) in Venice Lagoon have significantly disrupted artisanal fisheries, marking one of the first documented socioeconomic impacts of this species in the Mediterranean. Research combining fishers’ local knowledge, long-term landing data, and field sampling revealed that landings declined sharply during blooms, coinciding with rising water temperatures. The study also identified mechanical obstruction of fishing nets by ctenophores as a critical operational barrier. This interdisciplinary approach provides foundational evidence for short- and long-term ecological and socioeconomic consequences, offering actionable insights to inform mitigation strategies for vulnerable lagoon ecosystems.

Assessing the Role of Local Authorities in Promoting Tourism in Zimbabwe. A Case of Victoria Falls City Council

Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls — 2024 — WHE8645D705FE

Local authorities, such as the Victoria Falls City Council, play a pivotal role in tourism development through strategic place marketing, efficient service delivery, and infrastructure maintenance. This study highlights their critical contribution to sustainable tourism growth, often overshadowed by central government efforts. Using qualitative methods—including interviews, observations, and thematic analysis—the research reveals that sub-national governments significantly influence tourism outcomes through delegated powers. Key recommendations include full implementation of devolution policies, improved service delivery, and investment-friendly policy formulation at the local level.

Assessing tourism impact on cultural landscapes using mobile phone data: the case of Las Médulas (Spain).

Las Médulas — 2024 — WHE33C619BB64

Mobile phone data emerges as a powerful tool for analyzing tourism impacts on cultural landscapes, offering unprecedented insights into visitor movements and infrastructure demands. A study of Las Médulas, Spain's Roman gold mine, demonstrates how anonymized cell tower metadata can systematically track tourism flows, addressing longstanding gaps left by traditional surveys. This approach reveals critical patterns in visitor behavior, aiding in more effective planning and management of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. By leveraging big data from mobile networks, researchers provide a scalable model for assessing socio-economic impacts on fragile cultural landscapes.

Assessing Visitor Satisfaction with Facilities in Sarawak’s Totally Protected Areas: A Study of Bako and Niah National Parks

The Archaeological Heritage of Niah National Park’s Caves Complex — 2024 — WHEAD08F9F789

A study assessing visitor satisfaction with facilities in Sarawak’s totally protected areas (TPAs), specifically Bako and Niah National Parks, reveals that visitors are generally satisfied with the information displayed, hygiene of facilities, and safety signage. The research, conducted over three consecutive years using data from the Sarawak Forestry Corporation, found that while overall satisfaction is positive, there remains room for improvement in these areas. Visitors expressed the highest satisfaction with safety signage, followed by the information provided and hygiene standards. These findings offer valuable insights for TPA management to enhance visitor experiences, attract more visitors, and improve the image of these protected areas.

Assessment of Architectural Heritage and Historic Structures Through Aerial Thermography

Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct — 2024 — WHECEC183F6C3

Aerial thermography proves effective for diagnosing subsurface lesions in stone structures, offering early detection that can prevent extensive damage. This study demonstrates its potential as a complementary tool to visual inspections, particularly for heritage sites like the Roman Bridge of Alcántara and the Aqueduct of Segovia. By using drones equipped with thermographic cameras, researchers identified internal degradation that was not visible on the surface, enabling timely intervention with less aggressive therapies. The method reduces risks to both workers and monuments while accelerating monitoring processes. This approach advances the preservation of architectural heritage through microtechnology, balancing efficiency with minimal intrusion.

Assessment of Architectural Typologies and Comparative Analysis of Defensive Rammed Earth Dwellings in the Fujian Region, China

Fujian Tulou — 2024 — WHE6D3CE05B4D

Despite their shared earthen defensive functions, Fujian's Tulou, Tubao, and Zhailu represent distinct architectural typologies. A comparative analysis of five key aspects—origin, plan type, function, structure, and ethical concepts—reveals their differences: Tubao is a hierarchical defensive dwelling, Tulou combines defense with residence in simpler structures, while Zhailu merges living and defense. This study clarifies their unique features, providing a methodological framework for distinguishing similar buildings globally. It also offers guidance for restoration and sustainable development of these heritage sites.

Assessment of dust emissions and their controlling factors on the Hoh Xil, north-central part of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Qinghai Hoh Xil — 2024 — WHED58CAA6C1E

Dust emissions on the Hoh Xil Plateau, a significant dust source on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, primarily occur in spring and winter due to extensive bare and sandy land. Wind speed is the dominant factor influencing these emissions, while precipitation and temperature negatively correlate with them. The recession of lakes in the region has increased sandy lake-shores, potentially raising dust emissions further. Human activities exhibit both positive and negative effects on dust emission changes, depending on economic development and ecological engineering measures. This study quantifies dust yield from 2000 to 2020 and identifies key drivers of aeolian processes, offering critical insights for global dust budget calculations and environmental management.

Assessment of grazing capacity in subalpine and alpine summer pastures of Gjirokastra district

Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra — 2024 — WHE4629C1B869

Grazing capacity in subalpine and alpine summer pastures of Gjirokastra district, Albania, has been scientifically quantified for the first time. The study analyzed six key habitats—Çajupi, Nëmërçka, Murgana, Trebeshina, Dhëmbeli, and Luca mountain—and determined their dry biomass to assess sheep grazing potential. Findings revealed significant discrepancies between measured capacities and those reported in local literature or practiced by regional authorities, highlighting gaps in traditional grazing management. The research employed standardized methodologies to collect and analyze vegetation data at peak growth stages, providing a data-driven foundation for sustainable livestock breeding practices in these UNESCO-listed sites.

Assessment of radon exhalation rate and radium content in soil samples from east west bank, palestine

Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas) — 2024 — WHEADF2C8D121

Soil samples from the eastern West Bank, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'Baptism Site “Bethany Beyond the Jordan” (Al-Maghtas)', reveal significant variations in radon concentration and radium content, with Al-Maghtas showing particularly high levels. Radon concentrations ranged from 169.3 to 6184.4 Bq/m³, while effective radium content varied between 8.2 and 301.2 Bq/kg. The study also identified notable radon exhalation rates, with averages reaching up to 543 mBq/m²h (19.5 mBq/kg/h). These findings suggest potential health risks in certain areas and provide a baseline for monitoring radiation levels over time. The research employed comparative analysis against similar studies to assess the implications of these radiological characteristics.