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Showing 15401 – 15420 of 15962 publications

Potential Visual Impacts of Utility-Scale Solar Energy Development within Solar Energy Zones on Selected Viewpoints in Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, and El Camino Real De Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail

Camino Real de Tierra Adentro — 2013 — WHEB801A9E4B9

A visual impact analysis of utility-scale solar energy development within Solar Energy Zones (SEZs) on key observation points (KOPs) in Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, and El Camino Real De Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail revealed that certain viewpoints could experience major visual contrasts due to the intense brightness of power tower receivers and their structural height. However, many KOPs were likely to face only moderate, minor, or negligible impacts, primarily because they were distant from SEZs, partially obstructed by terrain, or had low vertical angles toward the SEZs. Power towers emerged as significant contributors to visual contrasts, not only due to the brightness of their receivers but also because of their height and potential night-sky impacts from navigation lighting.

Presencia del oso andino Tremarctos ornatus (Carnivora: Ursidae) en el Corredor de Conservación Vilcabamba–Amboró, sureste del Perú

Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu — 2013 — WHE6A9DE5CCEA

A comprehensive study reveals the presence of the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) across multiple regions and protected areas within the Peruvian sector of the Vilcabamba-Amboro Conservation Corridor, including UNESCO's Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu. The research, combining in situ evaluations, interviews, literature reviews, and museum/zoo databases, identified the bear's range from tropical rainforests to highlands (400–4,170 masl) and highlighted critical areas such as Megantoni National Sanctuary, Manu, Amarakaeri, and Japu Bosque-Ukumari Llaqta Private Conservation Areas for their diverse resources. The study suggests potential connectivity between Peruvian and Bolivian bear populations due to proximity to Madidi National Park (Bolivia). However, human activities like agriculture, logging, mining, and infrastructure development pose significant threats by reducing habitat availability, impacting food, refuge, and movement corridors essential for bear population maintenance.

Privileging the Diaspora in Mauritius: Making World Heritage for a Multicultural Nation

Aapravasi Ghat — 2013 — WHE602EAE7C48

Aapravasi Ghat, inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List as a symbol of the Indian diaspora, serves as a contested site for Mauritian nationalism. While it represents transnational diasporic identity, its designation reflects a political vision that prioritizes diaspora over mixed or entangled identities. This study reveals how diaspora functions as a primary modality for distinguishing Mauritian citizenship and fostering a sense of loyalty to a single place, akin to primordial nationalisms. The research examines the emergence and operation of Aapravasi Ghat as a diasporic heritage project, highlighting the dynamic nature of identities and the political implications of its World Heritage status.

Pupils’ and Students’ Perceptions and Representations of the Wooden Churches in Maramureş, Romania

Wooden Churches of Maramureş — 2013 — WHEBB55C40635

A study on pupils' and students' perceptions of the wooden churches in Maramureş, Romania, confirmed that their representations were not very precise. The research employed a questionnaire to analyze responses regarding these UNESCO-listed structures and their role as tourist attractions. Findings suggest limited awareness among local youth about the cultural significance and potential of these heritage sites, highlighting an opportunity for educational interventions to enhance appreciation and engagement with Maramureş's unique wooden architecture.

Quantifying Historic Human Impacts on Forest Environments: A Case Study in Białowieża Forest, Poland

Białowieża Forest — 2013 — WHE3FDE55106E

Białowieża Forest, Europe's last primeval lowland forest, has experienced significant anthropogenic disturbance over 1,800 years. A study quantifying these impacts found that by the late 18th century, 9.5% of a 200 sq km area was entirely deforested, while 33.5% was moderately or strongly altered, leaving only 57% untouched. Naturalness declined from 73.5% to 54.5% during this period. The research used a combination of field surveys, archaeological excavations, and historical documents to estimate disturbance strength and durability, developing a conceptual framework applicable to other forest landscapes.

Range Management Affects Native Ungulate Populations in Península Valdés, a World Natural Heritage

Península Valdés — 2013 — WHE51EA9A12FB

In Península Valdés, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage site, guanaco populations thrive more in areas where ecotourism complements livestock production compared to traditional sheep ranching alone. The study found that smaller paddocks with higher stocking rates and greater vegetation productivity (measured by EVI) correlated with fewer guanaco sightings. However, when ecotourism was integrated into ranch management, guanaco encounter rates increased regardless of paddock size, suggesting reduced human disturbance. Land subdivision emerged as a key predictor of guanaco distribution in sheep-only ranches, while the addition of ecotourism appears to mitigate negative impacts on native ungulates. The research highlights potential strategies for balancing livestock production and wildlife conservation in Patagonian rangelands.

Reconstructing Heritage in the Aftermath of Civil War: Re-Visioning the Nation and the Implications of International Involvement

Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad — 2013 — WHEC32DD459BA

Post-conflict heritage reconstruction can both aid reconciliation and perpetuate symbolic violence, depending on the intentionality behind rebuilding efforts. This study reveals that while international interventions often promote a universalized 'heritage of mankind' framework, they may overlook local valuations and long-term ethical consequences, potentially undermining reconciliation. The research examines three key aspects: the guiding principles behind reconstruction choices, the resulting symbolic landscape, and the ethical dilemmas posed by third-party involvement. By analyzing the Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovinathe study highlights the tension between global heritage standards and local interpretations, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach to post-conflict reconstruction that balances international values with community perspectives.

Reconstruction of the Dead (Grey) Dune evolution along the Curonian Spit, Southeastern Baltic

Curonian Spit — 2013 — WHECD32F79F84

Researchers have reconstructed the evolutionary history of the Dead (Grey) Dunes, a significant geological feature on the Lithuanian half of the UNESCO-listed Curonian Spit. Using advanced geophysical and geochronological techniques—including ground-penetrating radar (GPR), LiDAR data, and radiocarbon dating—the study identified four distinct phases of dune formation spanning from 5800 to 4500, 3900–3100, 2600–2400 calendar years BP, and the modern period. These findings reveal the dynamic nature of this aeolian environment, offering new insights into its paleogeographic development over millennia.

Reflections on the Metamorphosis at Robben Island

Robben Island — 2013 — WHED6B6C29A87

Robben Island, once synonymous with oppressive apartheid-era imprisonment, underwent a profound metamorphosis that contributed significantly to the dismantling of apartheid and South Africa's transition to democracy. This transformation was driven by the resilience, hope, efficacy, and optimism exhibited by political prisoners like Nelson Mandela, who disrupted the traditional prison paradigm from within. The study employs institutional work theory at a macro level and positive psychological capital concepts—hope, efficacy, resiliency, and optimism—at a micro level to analyze this process. Drawing on firsthand accounts from former prisoners and guards, the research reveals how these factors collectively fostered an environment of learning and change that ultimately led to freedom and societal transformation. The findings underscore Robben Island's role in one of modern history's most significant societal shifts, offering valuable insights for organizational scholars and practitioners.

Remarques sur la topographie rurale et urbaine du pagus et de la ciuitas de Thugga (Dougga, Tunisie)

Dougga / Thugga — 2013 — WHE42118FEA41

A study of the Roman-era territory and urban landscape of Thugga (Dougga, Tunisia) reveals that while the boundaries of its pagus remained stable due to immunity from 205 AD until municipalization, distinguishing between rural (pagus) and urban (civitas) domains within the broader territory remains elusive. However, inscriptions clarify public domain allocations in the urban area, showing a reciprocal exchange under Emperor Commode that led to rapid community fusion. The research also attempts to differentiate urban necropolises attributed to each entity. Using epigraphic evidence, the study reconstructs administrative and spatial dynamics, offering insights into Thugga's unique territorial organization within Carthage's pertica.

Research on Corrosion of Lead Printing Letters from the Museum Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp

Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex — 2013 — WHEEB88F77F88

Research on lead-antimony printing letters from the UNESCO-listed Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex in Antwerp reveals corrosion with exceptional volume increase, posing significant conservation challenges. The study employed a combination of analytical techniques—including microscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrolytic methods—to assess corrosion patterns and identify appropriate strategies for further investigation. An adapted Oddy test was also utilized to evaluate environmental factors contributing to degradation. This work provides critical insights into the preservation of historical metal artifacts, particularly those with complex alloy compositions, and highlights the need for specialized conservation approaches.

Response of soil physical-chemical properties to rocky desertification succession in South China Karst

South China Karst — 2013 — WHE3844B936ED

Soil physical-chemical properties in South China Karst exhibit a non-linear response to rocky desertification succession, initially deteriorating before improving with increased severity. Key indicators such as organic matter content, nitrogen levels, capillary moisture capacity, bulk density, and porosity show significant correlations and serve as critical factors in evaluating desertification degrees. The study proposes that bare rocks in extreme desertification environments act as nutrient sinks, challenging the assumption of continuous soil degradation. Researchers analyzed 45 sample plots across three karst landforms using chemical determination and mathematical statistics to uncover these patterns. Findings provide theoretical support for karst forest ecosystem protection and rocky desertification control.

Review of Ancient Wisdom of Qanat, and Suggestions for Future Water Management

The Persian Qanat — 2013 — WHEACB23035BE

A review of the ancient Persian Qanat system demonstrates its potential as a sustainable solution for water scarcity in arid regions, despite its decline in modern usage. The study explores why these 3,000-year-old underground tunnels, once vital for agriculture and domestic water supply, are no longer widely employed today. It also proposes innovative methods using new materials and technology to revitalize the Qanat system, including a multi-purpose model that integrates rainwater infiltration management. This approach could address urban water challenges in both dry and wet cities, offering a blend of ancient wisdom and modern innovation for sustainable water management.

Revisiting Cultivated Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and Daily Life in the Guaraní Missions

Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) — 2013 — WHE2B42A1949D

A critical reassessment of Jesuit mission records and economic data reveals that the Guaraní missions, despite efforts to Europeanize their inhabitants through agriculture and animal husbandry, failed to fully implement the rigid work schedules associated with these practices. This challenges the traditional narrative that the Jesuits successfully transitioned the Guaranís from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to settled, domesticated economies.

Revolution and Politics in Venezuela and Curaçao, 1795-1800

Coro and its Port — 2013 — WHE1A419FAB27

A dense, mutually beneficial trade relationship between Venezuela and Curaçao flourished during the late 18th century, particularly from 1795 to 1800. This symbiotic economic bond, facilitated by Curaçao's status as a free port since 1674, was so significant that it sometimes surpassed Venezuela's ties with Spain in importance. The study reveals that Venezuelan products, especially from Coro, were staple exports via Curaçaoan traders who dominated Caribbean trade routes. Additionally, the research highlights the human dimension of this relationship, noting that enslaved individuals fleeing Curaçao frequently found refuge in Coro, suggesting a complex interplay of commerce and social dynamics during this period.

Rock art of the Mediterranean basin on the Iberian Peninsula. From El Cogul to Kyoto

Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin on the Iberian Peninsula — 2013 — WHE9FFA8B176E

Roca dels Moros in El Cogul, the first documented prehistoric rock art site in Catalonia, stands as a pivotal discovery in Iberian Peninsula's prehistoric art history. Its significance rivals that of Altamira's bison paintings and has driven international recognition for Mediterranean basin rock art. This study synthesizes over a century of research on post-Palaeolithic rock art in the region, highlighting its cultural importance and the conservation efforts by public administrations. These efforts culminated in the inclusion of these sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage list, underscoring their global heritage value.

Saharan Rock Art: Local Dynamics and Wider Perspectives

Rock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus — 2013 — WHEAAD24AE1E8

Recent analyses of Saharan rock art, particularly within the Tadrart Acacus and Tassili n’Ajer regions, reveal complex local dynamics and broader regional connections. This study highlights how environmental context and social-cultural factors shape artistic expression across different massifs. By integrating analytical and contextual approaches, researchers uncover new perspectives on the chronology, meaning, and relationships between artistic provinces, emphasizing Tadrart Acacus as a pivotal site for understanding Saharan heritage.

Sailing through Time: A Historical Examination of the Explorations and Expeditions of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument

Papahānaumokuākea — 2013 — WHEA9E0F02D8F

Decades of exploration and documentation reveal the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) as dynamic, pristine ecosystems with significant cultural, economic, and scientific value. This study highlights how past expeditions—spanning voyaging, monitoring, and protection efforts—have laid the foundation for modern ecosystem-based management, exemplified by the successful implementation of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM). By integrating local knowledge with scientific research, the NWHI serves as a model for large-scale, archipelagic-wide conservation strategies. The findings underscore the importance of historical exploration in shaping current research priorities and future management directions, offering insights that support global ocean systems understanding and environmental stewardship.

Santiniketan

Santiniketan — 2013 — WHEEAA9F95B19

Santiniketan, founded by Rabindranath Tagore in 1901, has evolved into a significant cultural and educational pilgrimage site in India. This study reveals its transformation from an experimental learning center to a symbol of Indian identity and heritage, attracting visitors for its unique blend of education, art, and spirituality. The research employs historical analysis and public history approaches to trace Santiniketan's development, emphasizing its role in shaping modern Indian culture. Key insights include the site's enduring appeal as both an educational institution and a cultural landmark, reflecting India's intellectual and artistic heritage.

Scribal Training in Old Babylonian Susa

Susa — 2013 — WHE8E6E4D37BE

Scribal education in Old Babylonian Susa reveals significant adaptations of the Mesopotamian curriculum to fit the local linguistic environment, despite the overwhelming influence of Mesopotamian schooling. While Elamite language played almost no role in this scholastic context, the sequence of scribal training stages remained clearly traceable. The study of Susa's educational corpus uncovered many features of its unique curriculum, demonstrating that Mesopotamian models were not blindly adopted but tailored to local needs.