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Publications

Showing 1581 – 1600 of 15962 publications

Anthropological Approaches to Unfinished Migrations: Arenas of Memory as a Site of Social Metamorphosis in the Atlantic Era

Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site — 2025 — WHE9311A63740

Historic sites of memory, including Valongo Wharf and other transatlantic slave trade ports, serve as dynamic arenas for social metamorphosis within the African Diaspora. This study reveals how contemporary engagements with these sites facilitate cultural and historical reconstruction, emphasizing the role of loss in shaping diasporic identities. By analyzing processes of voluntary, involuntary, and forced migrations, the research highlights key moments of transformation rather than measuring success, offering a nuanced understanding of Afro-descendant communities' navigation through complex narratives of past and present.

Anthropology linguistics of Sheki toponyms

Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace — 2025 — WHE2868E52C38

A groundbreaking analysis of Sheki toponyms reveals their deep-rooted ethnolinguistic and cultural significance, uncovering how these place names reflect the region's historical, social, and economic evolution. The study employs a novel ethnolinguistic framework to trace the origins of toponyms linked to ethnic groups in Sheki, highlighting the role of anthropological linguistics in mapping out ethnogenetic relationships. It identifies the factors behind the naming of settlements, objects, and water bodies, while also noting the presence of archaic and dialectal features within these toponyms. Additionally, it explores the phonetic and morphological variations in toponyms during their development, providing insights into the dynamic interplay between language, culture, and environment.

Anticosti: Tourism, Industry, and Nature Construction on a Nordic, Peripheral Island

Anticosti — 2025 — WHE35655517CC

Anticosti Island's recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2023 highlights the exceptional universal value of its nature and culture, particularly its nordicity and peripherality. This study reveals how these characteristics were reimagined by the tourism industry from locational impediments to attractions, making nature tourism an economic mainstay. The research draws on regional tourism histories to show that this transformation was achieved through a cultural construction process that complemented industry and urbanity. By analyzing Anticosti's unique position in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence, the study provides insights into how peripheral locations can be leveraged for sustainable development.

Ants (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Floresta da Tijuca sector, Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea — 2025 — WHE772227DA11

A groundbreaking inventory of ants (Formicidae) in the Floresta da Tijuca sector of Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Brazil, reveals a striking diversity of 80 species, including 18 new records for this area and 37 for the entire park. This study significantly expands the known ant biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest biome, with one species' range extended northward and others adjusted southward or eastward. The research used pitfall traps and Winkler extractors across three preservation levels—primary forest, disturbed areas, and advanced restoration—showing that primary forests harbor the highest species richness, though this shifts seasonally in disturbed zones. Notably, Holcoponera moelleri emerged as the most abundant species, underscoring its ecological dominance. The findings highlight the park's critical role in conserving Neotropical ant diversity amid ongoing habitat fragmentation.

Application of Controlled-Source Audio-Frequency Magnetotellurics (CSAMT) for Subsurface Structural Characterization of Wadi Rum, Southwest Jordan

Wadi Rum Protected Area — 2025 — WHE9CEBA7C757

Research using controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) reveals that Wadi Rum, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Jordan, features a graben-like subsurface structure with two prominent faults trending northeast and southwest. The study identified four distinct layers based on resistivity values: a surface layer of alluvial sediments and mud flats (<200 Ω·m), an intermediate layer of medium-grained sandstone (80–100 Ω·m), another intermediate layer of coarse conglomerates and sandstone (100–800 Ω·m), and a deep basement rock layer (>1000 Ω·m). These findings provide critical insights for urban sustainability, hazard assessment, and infrastructure planning in the protected area.

Application of Scenario Modeling Method for Virtual Reconstruction of Lost Monuments Using the Example of Sigirya

Ancient City of Sigiriya — 2025 — WHEAA2837D8A9

Virtual reconstruction of lost monuments, such as the 5th-century palace complex of Sigiriya, reveals that these structures served as cultural centers aimed at fostering international relations and attracting merchants. The study applies scenario modeling—a method combining iconographic analysis, written sources, and archaeological data—to fill gaps in historical understanding. This interdisciplinary approach, enhanced by modern digital technologies, enables virtual experiments without physical trials, offering a detailed reconstruction of Sigiriya's original purpose and function. The research demonstrates the potential of scenario modeling to resolve controversies surrounding monument functionality while advancing education and tourism.

Application of smalt in building glazed tiles from Yuanmingyuan Park, Beijing’ in Qing dynasty

Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing — 2025 — WHE8726FB1173

Research on blue-glazed tiles from Yuanmingyuan Park (Summer Palace) reveals the use of smalt, a European-derived cobalt material, alongside Chinese cobalt ore during the Qing Dynasty. Analysis of nine lead-glazed pottery samples identified high levels of potassium (K), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), and uranium (U), characteristic of imported smalt, while manganese (Mn) indicated the inclusion of local Chinese cobalt ore. The findings suggest a hybrid approach to ceramic production, blending foreign and domestic materials, which persisted into Qing-era craftsmanship.

Applications of Optical Fiber Sensors in Geotechnical Engineering: Laboratory Studies and Field Implementation at the Acropolis of Athens

Acropolis, Athens — 2025 — WHED54B1EAC5E

Optical Fiber Sensors, specifically Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors, have proven highly effective for real-time monitoring of strain, temperature, and acceleration in geotechnical engineering, as demonstrated by both laboratory experiments and field implementation at the Acropolis of Athens. These sensors reliably captured dynamic responses under seismic loading conditions on a shaking table and high gravitational accelerations up to 100 g during centrifuge testing, showcasing their robustness across diverse loading scenarios. In the field, FBG sensors were successfully deployed on the Perimeter Wall (Circuit Wall) of the Acropolis, providing two years of continuous data despite operational challenges at the historic site. The study highlights the potential of these sensors as valuable tools for assessing structural integrity and advancing geotechnical engineering practices.

Arca Durga Mahisasuramardini: Unveiling The Beauty and Myths Behind The Siwa Temple at Prambanan

Prambanan Temple Compounds — 2025 — WHEFCE63601FB

A rare examination of the Durga Mahisasuramardini statue at Prambanan Temple reveals its intricate architectural details and cultural significance, linking it to the legendary figure Roro Jonggrang. Unlike previous studies that focused solely on the temple's broader narrative or the legend itself, this research delves into the statue's physical attributes—such as structure, patterns, and ornaments—and its symbolic connection to Roro Jonggrang within the Shiva Temple's north chamber. Employing observation and literature review, the study provides a fresh perspective on how this statue contributes to the temple's mythological storytelling, offering insights that bridge art, history, and folklore.

Archaeological Data from the Territory of the Architectural Ensemble of Vilnius University: A Contribution to the History of Vilnius City and Vilnius University

Vilnius Historic Centre — 2025 — WHE67775DFF47

Archaeological research spanning over six decades at Vilnius University's architectural ensemble has revealed critical insights into the transformation of Vilnius' old town from its earliest settlement phases to its current status as a leading academic institution. The study, which systematically analyzed cultural layers and their distribution across the university complex, identified remnants of one of the city's first cemeteries, providing a unique window into Vilnius' layered history. By integrating archaeological data with historical, architectural, and legislative research, the findings offer a comprehensive narrative of urban development and institutional evolution in this UNESCO World Heritage Site. This work addresses a significant gap in academic literature by placing archaeological evidence at the forefront of historical narratives about Vilnius University.

Archaeological fieldwork and research in Roman Macedonia: 2014–2024

Archaeological Site of Philippi — 2025 — WHE287780B8D9

Recent archaeological research in Roman-period Macedonia (2014–2024) has revealed a dynamic and interconnected landscape, challenging traditional models of rural habitation. Large-scale infrastructure projects, such as Thessaloniki’s Metro and the Trans Adriatic Pipeline, exposed dense settlement patterns, sophisticated urban grids, monumental public architecture, and diverse burial grounds, highlighting the city's evolution from Hellenistic to Late Antiquity periods. Rural investigations uncovered small cemeteries, artisanal workshops, agricultural estates, and infrastructure, emphasizing continuous rural habitation, intensified agricultural activity, and advanced land management strategies. Interdisciplinary approaches, including geoarchaeology and bioarchaeology, further illuminated socio-economic networks and daily life in both urban and rural communities.

Archaeological Heritage in the Historic Centre of Riga: Status, Management, Development

Historic Centre of Riga — 2025 — WHEF2B48BAA95

Riga's Historic Centre faces significant economic pressure that challenges the preservation of its archaeological heritage. Despite legal protections, development interests often conflict with the need to safeguard the city's oldest layers, dating back to the 11th–12th centuries. This study evaluates the status, management, and potential for sustainable development while maintaining archaeological integrity. It highlights the tension between modernization and heritage conservation, emphasizing the importance of balancing economic growth with the preservation of Riga's cultural and historical environment.

Archaeological Investigations of the Akkain-2 Site in the Kalmakkyrgan Mountain Range (Northeastern Kazakhstan)

Saryarka – Steppe and Lakes of Northern Kazakhstan — 2025 — WHED079BDD0A9

Recent archaeological investigations at the Akkain-2 site, located in the Kalmakkyrgan mountain range within the UNESCO World Heritage Site Saryarka, revealed a multilayered settlement spanning from the Eneolithic period to modern times. The study, conducted by an international team from the Joint Archaeological Research Center and Altai State University, uncovered diverse artifacts including animal bones, ceramics, stone tools, non-ferrous metals, and iron products, providing valuable insights into the long-term human occupation of the region. Small exploratory excavations were conducted at three sites in the Akkain tract and a memorial fence in the Taskora tract, contributing to a broader understanding of the cultural heritage of northeastern Kazakhstan.

Archaeological Research the Karatau Mountains in 2001–2008 (Based Materials of the Turan Archaeological Expedition)

Petroglyphs of the Archaeological Landscape of Tanbaly — 2025 — WHECAD9C2357A

Archaeological research in the Karatau Mountains, conducted between 2001 and 2008 by the Turan Archaeological Expedition, revealed significant insights into the historical and cultural development of medieval settlements and petroglyph sites. The study identified 15 locations with petroglyphs, including notable sites like Tanbaly-Tas and Kiyinzhuerek, which depict religious, mythological, hunting, and animal husbandry scenes. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the worldview and cultural practices of ancient communities in the region. The research employed archaeological methods such as surveys, explorations, and excavations to analyze structural features, cultural layers, and archaeological complexes at medieval settlements like Kultobe and Karashyk. This systematic approach has clarified processes of historical development and urban culture formation, offering valuable data for future scientific directions.

Archaeological Rhetoric and Photographic Discovery

Nemrut Dağ — 2025 — WHE7A3B2FB3F4

Photography has played a pivotal role in the discovery and global recognition of significant archaeological sites, as demonstrated by the work of renowned photojournalists Ara Güler and Josef Koudelka. Güler's groundbreaking photographs, including those of Mount Nemrut's giant statues (1958) and Mount Ararat's traces of Noah's Ark (1959), brought these sites to worldwide attention, while Koudelka's 'Ruins' project (1991-2019) updated the visibility of Mediterranean archaeological cities. The study examines how their photographic rhetoric serves as both a record and metaphor for archaeological imagination and classical values, drawing on theories by Volney, Barthes, Flüsser, Deleuze, Shanks, and Tilley. This interdisciplinary approach maps archaeological contemplation theory to photographic discourse, revealing the profound impact of visual documentation on public perception and preservation.

Archaeometric analysis of Nasrid glazed architectural ceramics from the Alhambra and Generalife Monument, Granada (Spain)

Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada — 2025 — WHEE3A835B8FB

Research reveals that most Nasrid glazed architectural ceramics from the Alhambra and Generalife, dating to the 13th–14th centuries, utilized lead tin-opacified bases with inglaze techniques, fired at approximately 950 °C in oxidizing conditions. A notable discovery is the deliberate addition of bone fragments or ashes to white and blue glazes, as evidenced by phosphorus content. Microstructural analysis also identified unmelted quartz and feldspar grains, along with Cr-bearing wollastonite crystals precipitated during firing. Additionally, one fragment initially thought to be black-glazed was found to be a polished section of metamorphic rock, challenging assumptions about material use in Nasrid glazing techniques.

Archaeometric Study of Red Lime Plaster in Ming Dynasty Wudang Mountain Architecture: Composition, Technology, and Symbolism

Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains — 2025 — WHE75A0670F41

An archaeometric analysis of Ming Dynasty red lime plaster from Wudang Mountain's Wulong Palace and Laojun Hall reveals a two-layered construction technique, where the outer layer combines red earth, ochre, and magnesium lime for aesthetic and symbolic purposes—reflecting aristocratic privilege and reverence for vermilion—while the inner layer primarily supports structural adhesion. The study also identifies fiber reinforcement in both layers, with higher fiber content in the outer layer, showcasing advanced craftsmanship. Using XRF, XRD, TG-DSC, IR, and PLM, researchers analyzed mineral composition, lime types, organic additives, and fibers, providing insights for preservation efforts and deepening understanding of ancient Chinese architectural color symbolism.

Architect Yuzo Mikami’s Traces in the Sydney Opera House

Sydney Opera House — 2025 — WHEF42514B9D1

Newly uncovered primary sources—including drawings, notes, and letters—reveal the significant but underappreciated contributions of Japanese architect Yuzo Mikami to the design of Sydney Opera House. Mikami's involvement spanned three distinct phases (Utzon, Arup, and Hall periods), during which he played a key role in shaping architectural elements such as concourse beams, shell roofs, warped surfaces, and glass walls. Analysis of these materials demonstrates that Mikami’s archives are invaluable for historical and technological studies of the landmark. This research sheds light on a previously overlooked aspect of the Opera House's design process.

Architectural and astronomical heritage of Iran: a study of Chogha Zanbil and Radkan Tower

Tchogha Zanbil — 2025 — WHE1F1EDE9BEE

Chogha Zanbil Ziggurat and Radkan Tower represent pivotal advancements in ancient Iranian astronomical engineering, transitioning from rudimentary shadow-based solar observations to sophisticated calendrical tools. Chogha Zanbil (circa 1250 BC) served as a ceremonial center with observational capabilities, while Radkan Tower (660 AH/1262 AD), designed by Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, achieved precise cardinal and Vernal Equinox alignment. Comparative analysis reveals their dual roles in cultural heritage and scientific innovation, underscoring their significance for Sustainable Development Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). The study highlights the integration of celestial knowledge into architecture, advocating for the preservation of such sites as critical components of global astronomical and engineering history.

Architectural Characteristics and Conservation Proposals for Greek Orthodox Churches of the Ottoman Period: The Case of Bursa

Bursa and Cumalıkızık: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire — 2025 — WHE0749A090E6

Greek Orthodox churches in Bursa, built during the Ottoman period, exhibit unique architectural characteristics and face significant conservation challenges. The study identifies their original configurations through restitution studies and proposes tailored conservation strategies to ensure their protection, continued use, and transmission to future generations. It also explores the historical context of church construction under Ottoman rule, highlighting how restrictions were gradually lifted by the mid-19th century, allowing non-Muslim communities to build new places of worship. The research combines architectural documentation, including photographs and drawings, with an assessment of conservation needs, providing a comprehensive approach to preserving these cultural heritage sites.