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Publications

Showing 16161 – 16180 of 30345 publications

Avifauna of Gungdae Oreum and its seasonal changes in the Jeju Eastern Oreum Group in Jeju Island, Korea

Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes — 2019 — WHE53E9E82EA9

A year-long weekly survey of Gungdae Oreum, part of the Jeju Eastern Oreum Group (JEOG), revealed 69 bird species, including nine nationally protected and 22 breeding species. While seasonal changes in species richness were minimal due to dominance by resident forest birds, rarefaction curves suggested higher biodiversity during spring and autumn migrations, with an estimated asymptotic richness of 83 species—exceeding the observed count. This underscores the need for long-term, standardized monitoring to fully capture the avifauna's diversity in this ecologically significant volcanic region.

Avistaje de elefantes marinos en Península Valdés, Argentina: Importancia y satisfacción desde la perspectiva de guías de turismo y turistas

Península Valdés — 2019 — WHEBEFFEC7FF3

Tourists and tour guides in Península Valdés, Argentina, rate the sighting of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) as a highly satisfying experience, though it is overshadowed by whale-watching. The study found that while elephant seals evoke awe due to their size, sexual dimorphism, and behavior, they are underutilized for conservation messaging during guided tours. Conducted through structured interviews with tourists and guides, along with a focus group workshop, the research highlights the potential of this unique continental colony to enhance ecological education in one of the world's leading marine tourism destinations.

Azoto-Phosphoric Potentials of Groundwater in the M'Zab Valley (Algeria)

M'Zab Valley — 2019 — WHEEBE793E165

Groundwater quality in the M'Zab Valley, Algeria, varies significantly between deep and shallow aquifers. Deep aquifer waters generally meet World Health Organization (WHO) potability standards for key parameters like pH, ammonium (NH4+), and nitrate (NO3-), making them suitable for human consumption and irrigation. In contrast, shallow aquifer waters often exceed safe limits, particularly for electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrate levels, posing potential health risks to residents. The study analyzed 16 deep boreholes and 12 shallow wells along the Oued M'Zab River, revealing that while deep groundwater remains relatively pristine, shallow waters are increasingly polluted, likely due to agricultural or anthropogenic influences. Continuous monitoring and treatment interventions are recommended to mitigate pollution risks and preserve water quality in this UNESCO-listed valley.

Baalbek-Heliopolis, the Bekaa, and Berytus from 100 BCE to 400 CE

Baalbek — 2019 — WHE094DC4CDAE

A fundamental shift in understanding the religious and colonial history of Baalbek-Heliopolis emerges from this study, challenging long-held assumptions about its origins. Contrary to the traditional view that associates the site with ancient Semitic or Phoenician worship dating back to the Bronze Age, research indicates that religious activity at Baalbek-Heliopolis is primarily a product of Roman colonial transformation following the establishment of Colonia Iulia Augusta Felix Berytus in 15 BCE. The study examines changes across multiple sites—Baalbek-Heliopolis, Berytus, Deir el-Qalaa, Niha, and Hosn Niha—using archaeological evidence to recontextualize their development within the broader landscape of the Bekaa valley. This approach reveals how colonial dynamics reshaped religious practices and urban landscapes in this region during the 1st to 4th centuries CE.

Background gamma radiation and soil activity measurements in the northern Marshall Islands

Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site — 2019 — WHE4B51EC3616

Researchers found that external gamma radiation levels and soil radionuclide activity vary significantly across nine islands in four atolls of the northern Marshall Islands, which were affected by U.S. nuclear testing from 1946 to 1958. Elevated radiation was detected on Enjebi Island (Enewetak Atoll), Bikini Atoll, and Naen Island (Rongelap Atoll), while low levels were observed in other islands of Enewetak and Utirik atolls. Soil samples from Runit, Enjebi, Bikini, and Naen islands showed the highest concentrations of americium-241, cesium-137, plutonium-238, and plutonium-239,240, with no detectable radionuclides in Majuro Island soils. Ordinary kriging was used to create interpolated radiation maps. The study contextualizes findings against global nuclear accident regions and provides insights for local decision-making on island resettlement.

Bacterial community in cold and alkaline environments of Hoh Xil basin in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and isolation of potential sources of microbiota

Qinghai Hoh Xil — 2019 — WHE0F42FE383F

Research on the bacterial communities in the Hoh Xil basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, reveals distinct microbial diversity across cold and alkaline environments. The study identified 10 strains of bacteria, predominantly Pseudomonas (90.8%), with one strain, k9, showing optimal growth at high pH (10.0) and low temperature (5°C), along with the ability to produce multiple extracellular enzymes under alkaline and cold conditions. This suggests potential psychrophilic and alkaliphilic bacteria with biotechnological applications. The study used both culture-dependent and independent methods to analyze desert soil, saline-alkali land, saline-alkali wetland, and soda lake sediment samples, highlighting the unique microbial adaptations in this extreme environment.

Bacterial composition of sponges, sediment and seawater in enclosed and open marine lakes in Ha Long Bay Vietnam

Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago — 2019 — WHE1201914D16

A study of bacterial communities in sponges, sediment, and seawater from Ha Long Bay's marine lakes reveals distinct microbial compositions influenced by environmental conditions. Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes dominated the sponge Spheciospongia solida, while Spongia ceylonensis hosted Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria. Notably, both water and S. ceylonensis showed higher Synechococcus abundances in an enclosed lake with low pH, suggesting this cyanobacterium may aid sponges in adapting to such conditions. The research used 16S rRNA gene barcoded pyrosequencing to analyze microbial diversity across two open and one enclosed marine lake, highlighting the potential role of Synechococcus in low-pH environments.

Baraza, The Space of Public Life in Stone Town of Zanzibar

Stone Town of Zanzibar — 2019 — WHE105D6AA482

Despite the rise of digital communication and new public spaces, the baraza—a traditional platform for social interaction—remains a vital element of daily life in Stone Town, Zanzibar. Serving as an information hub, entertainment space, social unit, political platform, and religious base, the baraza retains its cultural significance even amid modernization. This study reveals that, contrary to expectations, the baraza’s role has not diminished with lifestyle changes or media evolution. Primary data from semi-structured interviews with residents, supplemented by secondary sources, underscores its enduring importance in shaping community dynamics and public life.

Battir: Creative Resistance in a Front Line—Opportunities and Dilemmas of Tourism Development in a Conflict Zone

Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines – Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir — 2019 — WHE263A5D10A7

Battir, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Palestine, demonstrates how tourism can serve as both an economic opportunity and a tool for creative resistance against structural violence. The village's inhabitants, particularly through the legacy of Hasan Mustafa who preserved Battir during the 1948 conflict, leverage non-violent resistance to shape a conflict-sensitive tourism model that benefits the community while maintaining its cultural integrity. This study highlights the potential for Palestinian-led narratives—centered on stories of resilience and change—to elevate Battir's tourism beyond mere visitor attraction, fostering awareness about occupation and promoting inclusive economic growth. By integrating immaterial heritage (e.g., resistance narratives) into tourism products, guided by Palestinian tour guides, Battir offers a blueprint for sustainable development that aligns with UNESCO’s values while addressing the challenges of exclusionary Israeli marketing and underdeveloped Palestinian tourism strategies.

Bauhaus Futures

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau — 2019 — WHEDDF250F4DA

A century after its founding, the Bauhaus remains a pivotal force in design, with its core principles of integration between research, teaching, and practice, material experimentation, and democratization of design proving enduringly relevant. This publication, 'Bauhaus Futures,' expands on these themes by addressing contemporary issues such as gender, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, and disability—topics largely overlooked in the past century. Through diverse formats including essays, photo-essays, interviews, manifestos, diagrams, and a play, contributors explore Bauhaus legacies at institutions like MIT Media Lab and Black Mountain College, while critically examining its humanist universalism against current design approaches concerned with justice. The work also delves into the role of women in Bauhaus textile and weaving traditions, bridging historical practices with modern innovations.

Bauhaus Weaving Atelier

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau — 2019 — WHE9C2192D4E3

Bauhaus Dokuma Atölyesi, 1919-1933 yılları arasında Weimar, Dessau ve Berlin'de faaliyet gösteren Bauhaus okulunun bir parçası olarak, tekstil tasarımına önemli katkılarda bulunmuştur. Bu atölye, kadın öğrencilerin uzmanlaşması için yönlendirilen bir alan olmasına rağmen, teknik olarak gelişmiş ve Dessau'da altın çağını yaşamıştır. Atölye, kumaş dokuma, kilim dokuma ve hasır dokuma tekniklerinde sanatsal denemeler yapmış ve bu çalışmalarının ardından tekstil işletmeleri için prototip üretimine geçmiştir. Bauhaus Dokuma Atölyesi, tekstil alanında tasarımcı yetiştiren ilk program olarak öne çıkmış ve kapatıldıktan sonra Amerika ve Avrupa'ya dağılan tasarımcılar, Bauhaus geleneğini sürdürmüştür.

Beech forests as world heritage in aspect to the next extension of the ancient and primeval beech forests of the Carpathians and other regions of Europe world heritage site

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe — 2019 — WHE12E9BA4A4C

Beech forests, first protected under the World Heritage Convention in 2007 as the Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians, now span 12 European countries with 78 component parts. The latest proposed extension aims to include 30 additional sites, potentially involving 20 countries and depicting a comprehensive picture of post-glacial beech recolonization across Europe. This expansion would create a pan-European network of protected areas, fostering policy-making and knowledge exchange while addressing development pressures on these ecosystems. The study highlights the complexity and significance of this World Heritage property, focusing on Serbia's potential inclusion as its first natural site nomination.

Beetles (Coleoptera) new for the fauna of the Białowieża Forest including a species new for Poland

Białowieża Forest — 2019 — WHE9D3B5CE51E

A new record of 69 beetle species, including one previously unknown to Poland's fauna, was documented in the Białowieża Forest. The findings, based on collections from 2017, expand the known biodiversity of this UNESCO World Heritage Site and highlight its importance as a habitat for saproxylic beetles—species dependent on dead wood. Among the discoveries, Corticaria crenicollis (Latridiidae) represents the first report of this species in Poland. The study contributes to understanding the distribution and ecology of rare beetle taxa within one of Europe's last primeval forests.

Before Teotihuacan—Altica, Exchange, Interactions, and the Origins of Complex Society in the Northeast Basin of Mexico

Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan — 2019 — WHEF71231D26C

Recent archaeological research at the Early–Middle Formative site of Altica, located in the Teotihuacan Valley, offers new insights into the origins and development of complex society in the region. The study reveals that agricultural villages were established earlier than previously thought, providing a foundation for understanding early social and economic differentiation. By analyzing intra- and interregional exchange networks, the research challenges existing comparative models of political economy. This work sheds light on the dynamic interactions that shaped the development of complex societies in the northeast basin of Mexico before the rise of Teotihuacan.

Behavioral responses around conspecific corpses in adult eastern gorillas (Gorilla beringei spp.)

Kahuzi-Biega National Park — 2019 — WHEBC05EF8711

A groundbreaking study reveals that eastern gorillas (Gorilla beringei spp.) exhibit complex behavioral responses to conspecific corpses, challenging the notion that humans are unique in recognizing death. Researchers observed similar patterns of affiliative/investigative and agonistic behaviors among mountain gorillas (Gorilla b. beringei) in Rwanda and Grauer’s gorillas (Gorilla b. graueri) in Democratic Republic of Congo, regardless of whether the deceased was a same-group member or an extra-group silverback. Notably, adult females with infants avoided the corpse of an extra-group male, while close social relationships influenced interaction duration. The study highlights the role of curiosity and social bonds in gorilla responses to death, with implications for disease transmission dynamics within and between groups.

Beijing Tourist Attractions and the Tour’s Impression of the Joseon Envoys in the Early Joseon Dynasty

Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing — 2019 — WHE8685F28745

Joseon envoys, during their approximately 40-day stays in Beijing in the late 15th century, consistently toured significant cultural and religious sites, including the Temple of Confucius, the Temple of Heaven, and the Temple of Ancient Monarchs. These tours, which became a habitual part of their official visits since 1534 under the Ming Dynasty, revealed both cultural homogeneity and encounters with alien cultures to the Joseon people. While the Temple of Confucius and the Temple of Ancient Monarchs reinforced cultural connections, sites like Chao tian gong exposed them to Taoism and Buddhist influences. The envoys also expressed admiration for Beijing's splendid architecture and scenery but critiqued Ming customs, indicating a nuanced perception that did not idealize the Ming Dynasty over time.

Being Bedouin Around Petra: Life at a World Heritage Site in the Twenty-First Century

Petra — 2019 — WHED3B57299B2

Petra, Jordan's UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 1985 led to the resettlement of its semi-nomadic Bedouin inhabitants. Despite no longer living in the area, the Bedouin were designated UNESCO Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage in 2005 for their deep cultural connection to the landscape. This paradox raises critical questions about identity and heritage when competing narratives—tourism, national discourse, Islamic Revival, and New Age spiritualism—shape the present. The study examines how these forces intersect with Bedouin life, revealing tensions between preservation, displacement, and cultural continuity.

Belle Époque or crisis? (1025–1118)

Monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas and Nea Moni of Chios — 2019 — WHE832CEA429F

The period from 1025 to 1118 marked a dramatic shift for the Byzantine Empire, transitioning from dominance under Basil II to severe crisis and eventual recovery. During this time, despite political turmoil, financial instability, and social upheaval, significant cultural and intellectual advancements emerged. Notably, three monumental monastery churches—Nea Moni on Chios, Hosios Loukas near Delphi, and Daphni outside Athens—were constructed and adorned during this era, offering a glimpse into the grandeur of lost Constantinople monuments like the Peribleptos and St George of the Mangana. The Theodore Psalter's miniatures from 1066 exemplify the artistic and monastic renewal movement, while the work of Michael Psellos revitalized rhetoric, history-writing, and philosophy, albeit with a rhetorical focus. His pupil, John Italos, applied philosophical inquiry to theology, reigniting debates on Christian dogma. This period thus reveals both the fragility and resilience of Byzantine civilization during a transformative chapter in its history.

Benthic reef assemblages of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, tropical South-west Atlantic: Effects of depth, wave exposure and cross-shelf positioning

Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves — 2019 — WHEE953A5C2E7

Researchers identified five distinct benthic reef assemblages in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and no-take marine protected area (MPA) with significant human influence. The study found that distance to the insular slope, depth, and wave exposure were the primary drivers of assemblage differentiation, highlighting the unique vulnerability of these oceanic islands to local and global stressors despite their protection status. Using multivariate regression trees and boosted regression trees, the team analyzed 128 benthic taxa from 12 sites across shallow and mesophotic zones, providing a critical baseline for monitoring future changes in this ecologically sensitive region.

Between Change and Stability: Local Development, Tourist Offer and Local Values in Monferrato, Italy

Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato — 2019 — WHE2ED11CAE88

Tourism development in UNESCO-listed Monferrato, Italy, is shaped by a complex interplay of local values that prioritize social stability over rapid economic growth. An ethnographic study reveals how rural communities balance the need to transform their landscape into a viable tourist destination with the preservation of traditional ways of life. The research highlights conflicting expectations, where local hierarchies of values influence the design and offerings of tourism services, ultimately guiding the pace and nature of development in these internal areas.