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Escalating human–wildlife conflict in the Wolong Nature Reserve, China: A dynamic and paradoxical process

Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains — 2019 — WHEA1EABB53D5

A rapid increase in human-wildlife conflict (HWC) has been observed in the Wolong Nature Reserve, China, paradoxically linked to successful biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration efforts. Nearly all local households reported financial losses due to wildlife damage, yet inadequate compensation schemes exacerbate the issue. The study, conducted through semi-structured interviews with 201 households in 2016, highlights the need for integrated compensation plans that also promote alternative livelihoods, such as ecotourism and off-farm employment, to reduce dependence on agriculture and mitigate HWC.

Escamoteos cartográficos. Tácticas e interpretaciones del mapa del ‘Paisaje Cultural Cafetero’ de Colombia, Patrimonio Mundial.

Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia — 2019 — WHE7D6EF386D3

Cartographic representations of Colombia's Coffee Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2011, reveal complex exchanges between heritage practices and local interpretations. This study highlights how mapping processes during the site's inscription process shaped its spatial boundaries and meanings, encompassing four departments and fifty-one municipalities in the Colombian Andes. Using an ethnographic approach, researchers uncovered disputes over interpretative models of space among stakeholders and documented post-inscription local reinterpretations, offering insights into the dynamics of heritage representation.

Espacios patrimoniales de intervención múltiple. Conflictos territoriales en torno al Plan de Dinamización Turística de las Médulas

Las Médulas — 2019 — WHEBF556F719C

Las Médulas faces significant challenges due to its status as a space of multiple interventions. The implementation of the Tourist Dynamics Plan for Las Médulas has exposed latent conflicts related to cultural and tourist functionality within the Archaeological Zone, disagreements among local actors, and mismanagement by the Plan's governance. These issues are exacerbated by overlapping sectoral protection figures, leading to complex territorial management problems. While efforts towards integral valorization and ordering instruments have been delayed, establishing a dedicated management body for Las Médulas could address these challenges effectively.

Espaços de branquitude: segregação racial entre as classes médias em Salvador, Bahia

Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia — 2019 — WHEF5D2137F5B

Research reveals how white identity is constructed through racial segregation in Salvador de Bahia, Brazil, serving as a social distinction mechanism for the middle classes. The study highlights that proximity to whiteness grants privileged access to resources and goods, reinforcing social hierarchies. Conducted in Loteamento Aquarius, an upper-middle-class neighborhood in Pituba, the research uses secondary data on urban space occupation alongside primary data from semi-structured interviews, ethnographic observations, and autoethnography with residents. This approach uncovers daily processes of 'whiteness' production, demonstrating how segregated cities shape social subjects and, reciprocally, how these subjects influence urban development.

Essay, Made of Antique Glass

Major Town Houses of the Architect Victor Horta (Brussels) — 2019 — WHEA371F7A432

The essay 'Made of Antique Glass' explores the significance of Victor Horta's architectural work, particularly his Horta Museum in Brussels, as a symbol of Art Nouveau's synthesis of art and craft. The narrative reflects on personal experiences within the museum, emphasizing its flowing shapes and interdisciplinary influence across media such as glass, metal, stone, and fabric. It contrasts the comfort and luxury of Brussels with the challenges faced elsewhere, highlighting how Horta's designs evoke natural forms like flowers while embodying the movement's ethos. The essay also touches on the transition from Art Nouveau to Art Deco, marking a shift in aesthetic preferences by World War I.

Establishing World Cultural Heritage Sites Resource Allocation System and Management System based on Neural Network Algorithm—A Case on Hailongtun Tusi Site

Tusi Sites — 2019 — WHE1CC5AAD552

A neural network-based system demonstrates significant potential for optimizing resource allocation and management at UNESCO World Heritage Sites, particularly for cultural sites like the Hailongtun Tusi Site in Guizhou, China. The study leverages artificial intelligence to address complex calculations related to tourism resource parameters, such as face detection and recognition, while integrating creative computing methods to bridge tourism and computer science domains. This approach aims to enhance protection efforts and improve visitor services by achieving a more effective and reasonable distribution of resources. The case study highlights the system's applicability in real-world scenarios, offering a scalable solution for heritage site management.

Establishment of a Reproducing Population of Endangered Humpback Chub through Translocations to a Colorado River Tributary in Grand Canyon, Arizona

Grand Canyon National Park — 2019 — WHEF3DD96793F

A successful translocation effort has established a reproducing population of endangered Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) in Havasu Creek, Grand Canyon National Park. The study, conducted from 2010 to 2018, involved annually relocating 243–509 juvenile Humpback Chub—reared in a hatchery for 8–12 months—to this Colorado River tributary. Mark-recapture sampling revealed that the translocated fish exhibited survival and growth rates comparable to or exceeding those of the established population in the Little Colorado River (LCR). Reproductive maturity was observed as early as May 2012, with untagged juveniles appearing annually thereafter, indicating successful in situ reproduction. By 2016, recruitment to maturity from locally produced fish was evident, and population abundance continued to grow through 2018. This study demonstrates the potential for tributaries to play a critical role in the recovery of large-river fishes, offering valuable insights for future conservation strategies.

Estimated Construction Order of the Major Shrines of Sambor Prei Kuk Based on an Analysis of Bricks

Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura — 2019 — WHE82CCBF7941

Analysis of brick composition and size at the Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk reveals a more complex construction timeline for its major shrines than previously assumed. The study, which examined 59 well-preserved brick structures in the archaeological site of ancient Ishanapura (capital of the Chenla Dynasty), identified distinct groups corresponding to different construction stages. This challenges earlier dating based on epigraphy and decorative styles, suggesting that individual shrines within temple complexes were built through a nuanced, multi-phase process rather than as simple, sequential additions.

Estimation of people flow in public transportation network through the origin-destination problem for the South-Eastern corridor of Quito city in the smart cities context

City of Quito — 2019 — WHE9F82C913CD

A novel mathematical model using Bayesian inference and Monte Carlo simulations successfully estimates people flow in Quito's South-Eastern public transportation corridor. The study leverages Origin-Destination Matrices (ODM) derived from passenger boarding and alighting data, applying the Metropolis-Hastings criterion to validate results. Key findings include the convergence of estimated flows, consistent origin-destination behavior patterns, and robustness against link variations. This approach offers a scalable solution for smart city planning, demonstrated through its application in Quito's transportation network.

Ethnobotanical research at Klasies River linking past, present, and future

The Emergence of Modern Human Behaviour: The Pleistocene Occupation Sites of South Africa — 2019 — WHED1A9479E88

Klasies River, a significant archaeological site in South Africa's southern Cape coast, reveals a continuous human occupation from the Middle to Late Pleistocene and into the Holocene. Ethnobotanical research here shows that 84% of plants used today by local participants align with historical Khoi and San indigenous knowledge, while 42% also appear in archaeological records, indicating enduring plant-human interactions across millennia. This study underscores the importance of systematic ethnobotanical data collection, particularly from Khoi and San descendants, to better understand adaptive human-plant relationships shaped by intergenerational learning. The research employed semi-structured interviews and field walks with six local experts, using an interdisciplinary, abductive grounded theory approach.

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plant in Djerba island, Tunisia

Djerba: Testimony to a settlement pattern in an island territory — 2019 — WHE04A0775B1E

An ethnobotanical study on Djerba Island, Tunisia, identifies 86 medicinal plants with significant traditional pharmacopoeia uses, primarily from the Asteraceae family. The research documents diverse plant applications, with leaves being the most utilized part (59%) and decoction as the predominant preparation method. This cataloguing effort highlights the island's rich botanical heritage, offering a valuable database for future scientific exploration of natural substances. The study employed semi-structured interviews and direct observations over one year, engaging both local residents and non-residents to capture comprehensive traditional knowledge.

Étude techno-économique du Moustérien de Pradayrol (Caniac-du-Causse, Lot) : entre mobilité des ressources lithiques et adaptation aux matériaux locaux, un exemple de gestion complémentaire des quartz et silex au Paléolithique moyen récent en Quercy

The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape — 2019 — WHEEB8FF08F9E

Neanderthals at the Pradayrol site (Caniac-du-Causse, France) demonstrated sophisticated adaptation to local lithic resources during the late Middle Paleolithic. Analysis of a quartz-dominated assemblage revealed distinct operational chains tailored to material properties—bipolar on-anvil debitage for quartz cobbles and discoidal flaking for both quartz and nearby flint. Imported Périgord flint exhibited a fragmented, ramified Levallois chain, contrasting with local methods. These findings highlight a strategic balance between technical expertise and environmental constraints, aligning Pradayrol with other Quercy sites of the period. The study combines technological analysis with economic insights to illuminate Neanderthal resource management strategies.

Euphorbia talassica (E. sect. Esula, Euphorbiaceae), a New Species of Leafy Spurges from the Western Tian-Shan

Western Tien-Shan — 2019 — WHE94D0EE6C95

Scientists have identified Euphorbia talassica, a new species of leafy spurge (Euphorbiaceae) in the Western Tian-Shan region of Central Asia. This discovery expands the known diversity of Euphorbia sect. Esula and highlights its distinct morphological traits, including a slender and spreading rootstock and incrassate leaves, which differentiate it from its closest relative, E. irgisensis. The species thrives at higher elevations than related taxa and is found in the Talas Mountain Range spanning Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The study also provides an overview of Euphorbia ser. Andrachnoides in Central Asia, mapping seven species within this group.

Eusebius and Hadrian's Founding of Aelia Capitolina in Jerusalem

Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls — 2019 — WHEA2EA46429E

New evidence from numismatic findings and recent excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem challenges the traditional timeline for the founding of Aelia Capitolina, suggesting that preparatory work began under Emperor Hadrian's rule as early as the 120s—over a decade before the Bar Kokhba war. This contradicts the account provided by Eusebius, whose narrative likely stems from sources like Ariston of Pella and reflects his own theological interpretation of Jewish history rather than historical accuracy.

Evaluación de la percepción de congestión del turista en el centro histórico de Quito

City of Quito — 2019 — WHE11E43A7741

Tourists visiting Quito's historic center predominantly perceive mild to moderate congestion, according to a study that innovatively links motivational, emotional, and behavioral variables. This research addresses a notable gap in Latin American tourism studies, which have largely overlooked crowding perceptions from visitors' perspectives. By employing a methodological approach that integrates these multifaceted factors, the study provides valuable insights into how tourists experience and interpret congestion in heritage cities. The findings suggest that while congestion is a concern for destination managers, its impact on tourist perception may be less severe than previously assumed.

Evaluación microbiológica de aire interior en tres Museos de la zona UNESCO N° 658 Coro, Venezuela Patrimonio Mundial de la Humanidad

Coro and its Port — 2019 — WHE63C69845A0

A study of indoor air quality in three UNESCO World Heritage Site museums in Coro, Venezuela, revealed that microbial levels—including bacteria and fungi—were consistently medium to high according to WHO standards. The research found an inverse correlation between relative humidity (HR) and temperature, with bacterial counts slightly exceeding fungal counts. Microbial identification included Gram-positive streptococci, staphylococci, bacilli, and filamentous forms, as well as Aspergillus, Mucor, and Penicillium species. The findings highlight potential conservation risks for cultural heritage sites due to elevated microbial exposure.

Evaluate the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation and human activities in China’s Wulingyuan Natural World Heritage Site

Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area — 2019 — WHE3155FD6232

A study of Wulingyuan, China's UNESCO World Heritage Site, reveals that its vegetation has shown significant improvement over the past 18 years, with a high vegetation index and productivity. The research, utilizing long-term MODIS data, found that 71% of the area exhibited increased vegetation, particularly in buffer zones, while only a small portion in development regions showed decline. Although correlations were observed between vegetation changes and environmental factors like temperature and precipitation, these did not reach statistical significance. The study suggests that policies such as establishing national scenic areas and enhancing woodland protection plans have positively influenced vegetation dynamics, aligning with the World Heritage Convention's sustainable development goals.

Evaluating elbow osteoarthritis within the prehistoric Tiwanaku state using generalized estimating equations (GEE)

Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture — 2019 — WHE03A2579246

A study of elbow osteoarthritis (OA) in the prehistoric Tiwanaku state (AD 500–1,100) reveals significant differences between core and colony populations, with specific articular surfaces showing OA patterns. Using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), researchers analyzed 1,195 adults, linking articular surfaces within individuals to maximize dataset size while maintaining data independence. Findings suggest distinct movement patterns in core Tiwanaku people, highlighting GEE's effectiveness in addressing scalar issues in bioarchaeological studies and retaining comprehensive pathology data.

Evaluating Management Strategies for Mount Kenya Forest Reserve and National Park to Reduce Fire Danger and Address Interests of Various Stakeholders

Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest — 2019 — WHE7DCA2E5BE6

A strategy prioritizing community interests emerged as the most effective approach to reduce fire danger and address stakeholder needs across Mount Kenya Forest Reserve and National Park (MKFRNP). Using a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) framework, researchers evaluated seven management strategies—spanning climate change mitigation, water catchment protection, education, biodiversity conservation, timber production, and community engagement—across forest stations with varying fire risks. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) revealed that integrating community interests improved outcomes regardless of fire danger levels, while also highlighting the importance of biodiversity conservation for long-term benefits. This study demonstrates how stakeholder-driven management can enhance ecological resilience and social equity in protected areas.

Evaluating the potential of sentinel-2, landsat-8, and irs satellite images in tree species classification of hyrcanian forest of iran using random forest

Hyrcanian Forests — 2019 — WHE8AC19878C7

IRS-Pansharpened satellite imagery outperformed Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 data in classifying tree species within Iran's Hyrcanian forests, achieving the highest accuracy (84.9% Overall Accuracy) using Random Forest algorithms. The study identified the near-infrared spectral band as most critical for distinguishing among Pinus taeda, Alnus spp., and Populus spp. These findings offer a robust tool for forest managers and conservationists to monitor tree species composition, supporting sustainable management of this UNESCO-listed ecosystem.