Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl

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Early Christian Architecture in Colonial Mexico: The Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl

The Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994, offer a unique glimpse into the early Christian architecture that shaped colonial Mexico. Located in the states of Morelos, Puebla, and Tlaxcala, these 15 monasteries were built by the Augustinians, Franciscans, and Dominicans to evangelize the regions south and east of the Popocatépetl volcano.

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UNESCO Description of the World Heritage Site

The Earliest 16th-Century Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl is a serial property with 15 component parts located in the states of Morelos, Puebla and Tlaxcala in Mexico, built as part of the evangelisation and colonisation of the northern territories of Mexico. They are in an excellent state of conservation and are good examples of the architectural style adopted by the first missionaries – Franciscans, Dominicans and Augustinians – who converted the indigenous populations to Christianity in the early 16th century. They also represent an example of a new architectural concept in which open spaces, including wide atria and posa chapels, are of renewed importance. The influence of this style is felt throughout the Mexican territory and even beyond its borders.

Encyclopedia Record: Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatépetl

The Earliest Monasteries on the Slopes of Popocatepetl are sixteen earliest 16th-century monasteries which were built by the Augustinians, the Franciscans and the Dominicans in order to evangelize the areas south and east of the Popocatépetl volcano in central Mexico. These monasteries were recognized by the UNESCO as World Heritage Sites in 1994, because they served as the model for the early monastery and church buildings as well as evangelization efforts in New Spain and some points beyond in Latin America. These monasteries almost uniformly feature a very large atrium in front of a single nave church with a capilla abierta or open chapel. The atrium functioned as the meeting point between the indigenous peoples and the missionary friars, with mass for the newly converted held outdoors instead of within the church. This arrangement can be found repeated in other areas of Mexico as these friars continued to branch out over New Spain.

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