Lower Valley of the Awash


World Heritage Identification Number: 10

World Heritage since: 1980

Category: Cultural Heritage

Transboundary Heritage: No

Endangered Heritage: No

Country: 🇪🇹 Ethiopia

Continent: Africa

UNESCO World Region: Africa

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The Lower Valley of the Awash: A Palaeontological Treasure Trove

The Lower Valley of the Awash, located in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, is a significant geographical feature and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This region, encompassing approximately 10% of Ethiopia's total area, is primarily drained by the Awash River, an endorheic watercourse that flows entirely within Ethiopian borders before emptying into a series of interconnected lakes bordering Djibouti.

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UNESCO Description of the World Heritage Site

The Awash valley contains one of the most important groupings of palaeontological sites on the African continent. The remains found at the site, the oldest of which date back at least 4 million years, provide evidence of human evolution which has modified our conception of the history of humankind. The most spectacular discovery came in 1974, when 52 fragments of a skeleton enabled the famous Lucy to be reconstructed.

Encyclopedia Record: Awash River

The Awash River is a major river of Ethiopia. Its course is entirely contained within the boundaries of Ethiopia and empties into a chain of interconnected lakes that begins with Lake Gargori and ends with Lake Abbe on the border with Djibouti, about 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the head of the Gulf of Tadjoura. The Awash River is the principal stream of an endorheic drainage basin covering parts of the Amhara, Oromia and Somali Regions, as well as the southern half of the Afar Region. The Awash River basin, spanning 23 administrative zones, covers 10% of Ethiopia's area.

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Additional Site Details

Area: Not available

UNESCO Criteria: (ii) — Significant interchange of human values
(iii) — Unique or exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition
(iv) — Outstanding example of a type of building or landscape

Coordinates: 11.10006 , 40.57939

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Image of Lower Valley of the Awash

© Bjørg Sandkjær (Bjorg Sandkjaer), CC BY 2.5 Resized from original.

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Nearby World Heritage Sites

Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela
197 km — Ethiopia
Harar Jugol, the Fortified Historic Town
262 km — Ethiopia
Melka Kunture and Balchit: Archaeological and Palaeontological Sites in the Highland Area of Ethiopia
344 km — Ethiopia
Simien National Park
358 km — Ethiopia
Tiya
366 km — Ethiopia

Country Information: Ethiopia

Flag of Ethiopia

Official Name: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

Capital: Addis Ababa

Continent: Africa

Population (2024): 132,059,767

Population (2023): 128,691,692

Population (2022): 125,384,287

Land Area: 1,128,570 sq km

Currency: Ethiopian birr (ETB)

Country Data Sources

Last updated: January 18, 2026

Portions of the page Lower Valley of the Awash are based on data from UNESCO — World Heritage List Dataset and on text from the Wikipedia article Awash River, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes made. Additional original content by World Heritage Explorer (WHE), licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. WHE is not affiliated with UNESCO or the World Heritage Committee. Legal Notice. Privacy Policy.

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