World Heritage Research: Search

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Workshop om ljud vid Skogskyrkogården 2-3 november 2015

Skogskyrkogården — 2016 — WHEB2CE1970D0

A workshop held at Skogskyrkogården highlighted the complex interplay between auditory and visual experiences in urban planning. The event, part of the Vinnova-funded research project 'Stadens hållbara ljudrum,' explored innovative approaches to integrating soundscapes into design, particularly for cemeteries where tranquility is paramount. Participants developed conceptual frameworks to describe sound environments, proposed enhancements to mitigate noise from surrounding roads, and tested practical solutions like speaker-based masking techniques. The workshop underscored the need for tools that balance simplicity with the nuanced demands of acoustic planning, emphasizing that successful interventions must harmonize with existing visual and architectural qualities.

World Heritage and WikiLeaks

Temple of Preah Vihear — 2016 — WHEF09ACBA0C2

Leaked US diplomatic cables reveal the intricate hyperconnectivity of heritage, demonstrating how the Temple of Preah Vihear in Cambodia became entangled with international politics, border wars, and economic negotiations following its 2008 UNESCO World Heritage inscription. The study highlights that globalization transforms specific sites into transactional commodities, transcending their historical or material characteristics to serve broader international interests. By analyzing these cables, the research underscores the complex linkages between seemingly unrelated spheres, offering an unprecedented vantage onto the site's contested status and its role in global power dynamics.

World Heritage listing and changes of political values: a case study in West Lake Cultural Landscape in Hongzhou, China

West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou — 2016 — WHEC8C46CA720

This study reveals that Chinese governments, while pursuing World Heritage listing for the West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou, strategically adapt to Eurocentric UNESCO criteria by omitting values incompatible with Western heritage discourses. Through extensive fieldwork in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hangzhou, researchers mapped tensions between local governmental perceptions of heritage value and UNESCO/ICOMOS standards. The findings demonstrate a cynical approach where Chinese authorities recognize the 'rules' of World Heritage listing but selectively conform to them, prioritizing international legitimacy over indigenous cultural narratives. This adaptation, driven by the desire for global recognition, reshapes site management while perpetuating a disconnect between local heritage values and UNESCO's 'outstanding universal value' framework.

World Heritage Management and Human Rights

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park — 2016 — WHE368230265D

World Heritage Management and Human Rights introduces a transformative approach to preserving UNESCO sites by integrating human rights principles into their management. The publication argues that cultural heritage should not be treated as a static entity but as a dynamic practice that reflects and upholds human dignity, diversity, and identity. It explores how rights-based frameworks can enhance the interpretation, protection, and conservation of World Heritage Sites, particularly in contexts of conflict or indigenous land disputes. Through case studies—ranging from Kalwaria Zebrzydowska’s Mannerist landscape to Timbuktu’s intangible heritage—the book demonstrates practical applications of this approach, emphasizing stakeholder engagement and the recognition of shared cultural heritage. By bridging theoretical considerations with real-world challenges, it advocates for a more inclusive and equitable model of World Heritage conservation.

World Heritage Site Designation Impacts on a Historic Village: A Case Study on Residents’ Perceptions of Hahoe Village (Korea)

Historic Villages of Korea: Hahoe and Yangdong — 2016 — WHE19A6525F51

World Heritage Site (WHS) designation brings both benefits and challenges to historic villages, as demonstrated by Hahoe Village in Korea. While the 2010 inscription boosted tourism, it also accelerated changes in the village's industrial base, degraded residents' quality of life due to overcrowding, and created tension between conservation efforts and tourism development. The study highlights the need for a balanced management plan that prioritizes community sustainability alongside tourism growth, ensuring historic villages remain viable living spaces beyond tourist attractions.

World heritage site management: a case study of sacred sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii mountain range, Japan

Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range — 2016 — WHE10BF85F92B

UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) designation has positively influenced the Kii Mountain Range in Japan, enhancing local identity and cultural revitalization while maintaining minimal negative impacts on tourism. A qualitative study found that local communities, tourists, and experts are actively engaged in heritage management and conservation, with WHS listing fostering pride in culture and place. However, challenges persist due to limited understanding of WHS status and conflicts between heritage management, tourism, and religious practices. The research suggests a more holistic approach, such as establishing a stakeholder forum, could further support Kii's success as both a sacred site and tourist destination.

World Heritage, tourism development, and identity politics at the Tsodilo Hills

Tsodilo — 2016 — WHEB4A8513BAC

UNESCO World Heritage status significantly influences local communities, particularly through the culturally commodifying effects of tourism. While prior research has largely focused on conservation and management aspects, this study highlights the role of identity politics in shaping social dynamics around Tsodilo Hills. It reveals how tourism, often accompanying World Heritage designation, can alter ethnic and gender identities within nearby communities.

Współczesne centra turystyczne w naturalnym krajobrazie Namibii na przykładzie realizacji Nina Maritz Architects

Twyfelfontein or /Ui-//aes — 2016 — WHEDB6AF6CEC4

Namibia successfully integrates contemporary architecture with its natural landscape, preserving the integrity of UNESCO World Heritage Sites while fostering sustainable tourism. The study highlights Twyfelfontein, a site rich in rock engravings and part of Namibia's unique desert and canyon landscapes, as an example where modern visitor centers, designed by Nina Maritz Architects, harmonize with the environment without causing harm. This approach has significantly contributed to Namibia's status as a safe and attractive tourist destination, boosting local economies through responsible tourism development.

Wulf Schirmer: Castel del Monte

Castel del Monte — 2016 — WHE6D8BC708F7

Castel del Monte has been the subject of significant architectural and historical research, as documented in Wulf Schirmer's study. The book presents groundbreaking findings from research conducted between 1990 and 1996, focusing on the site's archaeological and architectural history. Schirmer, along with a team of collaborators including Günter Hell, Dorothee Sack, Werner Schnuchel, Christoph Uricher, and Wolfgang Zick, employed a multidisciplinary approach to analyze Castel del Monte. The study incorporates photographs by Rafael Cardenas-Dopf, providing visual documentation that complements the textual analysis. Key insights include the reconstruction of the site's historical layers and an in-depth examination of its unique architectural features, contributing significantly to the understanding of its cultural significance.

X‐Ray Fluorescence and Stable Isotope Analysis of Marble in Central Lydia, Western Turkey

Sardis and the Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe — 2016 — WHE367AAFE194

A pioneering study reveals that small-scale marble quarries in central Lydia, western Turkey, played a significant role in ancient social and economic landscapes, challenging previous assumptions about their importance. By analyzing carbon and oxygen stable isotopes from 11 quarries near Sardis and correlating them with artifacts from Sardis and the Bin Tepe tumuli, researchers uncovered distinct patterns in Lydian and Roman-period marble acquisition practices. This approach sheds new light on the historical significance of these quarries, which had previously been understudied despite showing evidence of ancient tool use.

Xiphosuran Digging Traces at the Late Carboniferous Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site, Nova Scotia, Canada

Joggins Fossil Cliffs — 2016 — WHE1D5562CE20

A significant discovery at the Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site reveals new insights into the behavior and evolution of xiphosurans, ancient relatives of modern horseshoe crabs. Researchers identified 100 Selenichnites rossendalensis, some with associated trackways, dating back to the Late Carboniferous period (Pennsylvanian). Detailed morphological analysis of these digging traces, particularly lunate casts, indicates that xiphosurans used linear ridges behind their prosomas (heads) during excavation. Statistical analysis of 96 lunate casts from two populations, separated by several hundred thousand years, shows a significant reduction in prosoma size with 99% confidence, suggesting evolutionary changes in body size over time. The smallest known Selenichnites, measuring just 7 mm wide, were also documented. This study highlights the potential of Joggins Fossil Cliffs to uncover factors controlling xiphosuran body-size changes and their temporal scales.

Yakchi chert–volcanogenic Formation—fragment of the Jurassic accretionary prism in the Central Sikhote-Аlin, Russian Far East

Central Sikhote-Alin — 2016 — WHE0B0A3600C0

Researchers have identified the Yakchi chert–volcanogenic formation as a critical fragment of the Jurassic accretionary prism in the Central Sikhote-Alin, providing insights into the tectonic and oceanic history of this region. The study, which combines biostratigraphic analysis and petrogeochemical investigations, reveals that the formation spans from the Late Triassic to the Middle Jurassic, with distinct phases of chert accumulation interrupted by basalt eruptions. These basalts likely formed on both thick, old oceanic lithosphere (Middle–Late Triassic) and thin, newly created lithosphere (Jurassic). The transition from chert to tuffaceous siltstone in the Middle Jurassic marks the onset of subduction along the Asian continental margin, predating the accretion of this formation. This work clarifies the paleotectonic zonation of the Central Sikhote-Alin and suggests that cataclastic gabbroids and granitoids may be analogues of the Okrainka-Sergeevka allochthonous complex.

Zanzibari Social Entrepreneurs and Poverty Alleviation Strategies: Understanding Efforts to Build Local Community Sustainability

Stone Town of Zanzibar — 2016 — WHEFA2834E1F9

Local women social entrepreneurs in Zanzibar are effectively addressing poverty through innovative strategies that build educational opportunities, adapt to economic changes, and empower vulnerable populations. A qualitative study interviewing 15 women from rural Jambiani and urban Stone Town reveals their ventures' success in alleviating poverty by focusing on human capital development, business evolution, and social empowerment, including for people with disabilities. These findings highlight the potential of local initiatives to drive community sustainability when supported by social workers.

Zetski Jevanđelistar or Miroslav’s Gospel

Studenica Monastery — 2016 — WHE89E40EF7A4

Zetski Jevanđelistar, or Miroslav’s Gospel, stands as a testament to the fusion of Byzantine and Latin influences during its creation, marking a pivotal moment in the artistic and cultural development of the Raška region, Kosovo and Metohija. This illuminated manuscript, alongside the UNESCO-listed monasteries Studenica and Dečani, exemplifies the distinctive Zeta school's contribution to European art. The Gospel serves as an early indicator of Serbian rulers' orientation towards the West and provides invaluable insights into the history and artistic legacy of the Zeta school, whose craftsmanship is immortalized in these monumental works.

Zoogeographical division of Vietnam based on the oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) fauna

Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and Hin Nam No National Park — 2016 — WHE995C1FCAD3

Vietnam's oribatid mite fauna, comprising 320 species (including four subspecies) from 64 families, reveals significant endemism and unique geographical distribution patterns. The study identifies six zoogeographical sub-divisions in Vietnam based on oribatid diversity, with 34.68% of species likely endemic. Notably, 155 species were recorded for the first time in Vietnam, contributing to a broader understanding of its biodiversity. This research provides critical insights into the region's ecological partitioning and highlights the importance of sites like Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park in global oribatid diversity studies.

Þingvellir: Commodifying the “Heart” of Iceland

Þingvellir National Park — 2016 — WHEC195C61ABD

Þingvellir National Park, a symbol of Icelandic nationalism and national identity, faces a shift in its cultural significance due to commercialization within neoliberal economies. This study critically examines the transformation of Þingvellir from a site of historical importance and recreation into a global tourist destination. It explores how this commodification affects its symbolic potency as a gateway between continents and its role within universalized notions of humanity. The research adopts a postcolonial perspective to analyze these changes, highlighting the tension between heritage preservation and economic exploitation.

‘He is among us, get it into your head, he is alive and always here’: saintly presence at the pilgrimage centre of Padre Pio and the importance of ‘being there’

Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci — 2015 — WHEDF361C5FBD

Research reveals that the perception of saintly presence at Padre Pio's pilgrimage center, particularly within the Sanctuary of Santa Maria delle Grazie, is deeply rooted in the knowledge that Padre Pio lived and was buried there. This spatial connection significantly shapes pilgrims' experiences, emphasizing the importance of 'being there.' The study employs ethnographic fieldwork (2004–2005) to explore how materiality and place contribute to the sense of saintly presence, drawing on Eade and Sallnow's dimensions of person and place in pilgrimage analysis. Findings underscore the psychological and emotional impact of knowing a revered figure is physically connected to a site.

‘Illustrated Picturesquely and Architecturally in Photography’: William J. Stillman and the Acropolis in Word and Image

Acropolis, Athens — 2015 — WHE8E03803E56

William J. Stillman's 1870 album, The Acropolis of Athens, showcases a pioneering approach to architectural photography, where his images were noted for their clarity and poise, contrasting sharply with the laborious accompanying text. This study examines the interplay between word and image in Stillman’s work, analyzing it within the context of his intentions and the emerging genre of photo-books. It highlights how this album, as both an object and a genre, set a precedent for future architectural representations, notably influencing later works like Vers une architecture. The research delves into the implications of this duality for architectural history, offering insights into the evolving relationship between visual and textual narratives in documenting heritage sites.

‘No Retreat, Even When Broken’

Historic Centre of Naples — 2015 — WHE954490F39D

A striking example of classical reception in modern Naples is the symbolic appropriation of ancient ruins within Neapolitan presepi—elaborate Nativity scenes—as demonstrated by Marco Ferrigno's 2009 presepe per L'Aquila. This work replaced classical columns and aqueducts with shattered post-earthquake buildings, embodying the Latin phrase 'Nec Recisa Recedit' ('No retreat, even when broken') to confer redemptive meaning on ruins. The study highlights the dynamic interplay between classical aesthetics and contemporary cultural narratives in Naples, showcasing how ruins are repurposed within the presepe tradition to reflect resilience and renewal.

‘We Can’t Get Worms from Cow Dung’: Reported Knowledge of Parasitism Among Pastoralist Youth Attending Secondary School in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania

Ngorongoro Conservation Area — 2015 — WHE4818EB5A7C

A significant portion of Maasai pastoralist youth in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania, demonstrate practical knowledge about soil-transmitted helminth infections and protozoa, despite living in close proximity to livestock and facing unreliable access to water. This finding emerges from qualitative research involving 60 secondary school youth, 6 teachers, and a women's group, conducted as part of a broader One Health initiative aimed at developing youth-driven health promotion strategies. The study highlights local resilience and understanding of 'neglected tropical diseases,' which are prevalent among children in low- and middle-income countries. It also underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate disease burden, particularly through school-based water, sanitation, and hygiene education.