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Showing 23021 – 23040 of 30345 publications

An Experimental Analysis of Thatched-Roof Materials to Assess Fire Risk in Historical Villages

Historic Villages of Korea: Hahoe and Yangdong — 2015 — WHE75571C0239

Research reveals that silver grass (Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens) poses a higher fire risk compared to straw (Oryza sativa), with faster ignition and greater heat release, critical for fire safety in UNESCO-listed historical villages like Korea's Hahoe and Yangdong or Japan's Shirakawa-go. Using cone calorimetry (ISO 5660-1) and flammability testing, the study quantified combustion characteristics—including Time to Ignition (TTI), Heat Release Rate (HRR), and Total Heat Release (THR)—to assess hazard potential. Findings indicate that fires in straw-roofed houses can spread within a 5.68-meter radius, underscoring structural vulnerabilities. This data-driven approach provides actionable insights for risk mitigation in heritage conservation, balancing preservation with fire safety protocols.

An extension plan of Yakushima Biosphere Reserve as a case study of consensus building of islanders

Yakushima — 2015 — WHE57226B8157

A consensus-driven approach to extend Yakushima's Biosphere Reserve (BR) demonstrates the potential for balancing nature conservation with sustainable resource use on islands. The study highlights how local stakeholders, including residents and scientists from the Society of Yakushimaology, collaborated to reactivate the BR, addressing critical issues like overabundance of deer populations threatening agriculture and natural vegetation, as well as tourist overcrowding at Nagata-hama beach—a vital sea turtle spawning ground. This participatory model, encapsulated in the 'Yakushima Environmental Culture Village' concept, offers a feasible policy framework for managing UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WH) and Ramsar sites, emphasizing local engagement and trust-building to achieve sustainable coexistence between conservation and human activities.

An illustrated checklist of Malpighiaceae from the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, Goiás, Brazil

Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks — 2015 — WHE853476A392

A recent study has uncovered a higher diversity of Malpighiaceae plants in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, Goiás, Brazil, than previously documented. The research recorded 78 species, representing about one-third of all Malpighiaceae found in the Cerrado biome. This finding underscores the region's significant role in conserving plant biodiversity in Central Brazil. The study utilized an illustrated checklist approach to document and verify species within the family, contributing valuable data for understanding the ecological importance of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

An Individual‐Based Model for Feral Hogs in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Great Smoky Mountains National Park — 2015 — WHED0492333DC

An individual-based model reveals that annual harvests in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) limit but do not reduce feral hog populations, with population dynamics primarily driven by fall hard mast production. The study combines demographic data and environmental factors to simulate population growth under current control efforts, providing critical insights for refining management strategies.

An integrated approach to understanding the linkages between ecosystem services and human well‐being

Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries - Wolong, Mt Siguniang and Jiajin Mountains — 2015 — WHE0B622CCE6F

A significant impact of natural disasters on human well-being and dependence on ecosystem services (ES) was quantified, with disadvantaged households experiencing greater losses. The study, conducted at Wolong Nature Reserve, China, used integrated indicators and models to analyze how the Wenchuan Earthquake affected ES dependence and well-being across multiple dimensions. It found that diversifying ES dependence can mitigate disaster impacts, providing empirical evidence for using quantitative indicators to advance understanding of ES-human well-being linkages.

An Interesting New Kingdom Stela from Thebes Cairo Museum (CG 34045)

Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis — 2015 — WHE8E74D66B06

A New Kingdom stela (CG 34045) from the Theban necropolis, housed at the Cairo Museum, presents a unique dual function as both a false door and a stelophorous statue. This rare artifact, attributed to Userhat during the early reign of Thutmose III, features an innovative design combining high-relief carvings of a human head with raised hands in adoration within a rounded frame. The composition suggests it was intended to serve dual funerary roles: facilitating the deceased's daily resurrection through solar symbolism and fulfilling requests for offerings. Iconographical and textual details on the stela support this interpretation, bridging two key themes in ancient Egyptian mortuary practices.

An Introduction to the Medieval Bible by Frans van Liere (review)

Speyer Cathedral — 2015 — WHEC3AC089682

Frans van Liere's 'An Introduction to the Medieval Bible' provides a comprehensive yet accessible overview of medieval biblical interpretation, bridging gaps between scholarly and introductory literature. The work systematically addresses the nature, content, transmission, and cultural significance of medieval Bibles, including apocryphal texts and vernacular versions. It highlights key commentary traditions, the role of scripture in worship and art, and notable manuscripts like those from Speyer Cathedral. While the book excels in clarity and structure, it contains several factual inaccuracies, such as errors regarding manuscript origins (e.g., Durrow) and historical details (e.g., Codex Amiatinus). Despite these flaws, its conceptual framework effectively conveys the complexity of medieval biblical scholarship, making it a valuable resource for undergraduates and scholars alike.

An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew — 2015 — WHE6D9784FA94

John Lindley's seminal work, 'An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany,' revolutionized botanical taxonomy by advocating for Jussieu's natural system over Linnaean classification. Published in 1830, this influential text aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic view of plant organization, affinities, and geographical distribution, while also highlighting their practical uses in medicine, arts, and rural economy. Lindley's approach was driven by the need for accessible botanical knowledge, avoiding reliance on expensive publications available only to the wealthy. His work remains significant in the history of taxonomy, reflecting his expertise and contributions as a botanist under Sir Joseph Banks.

An investigation of the effects of an awareness campaign on young residents’ perceptions: a case study of the Lenggong World Heritage Site

Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley — 2015 — WHED991B8A11E

A targeted awareness campaign significantly enhanced young residents' perceptions of tourism development and the value of UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) recognition in Lenggong Valley, Malaysia. The study found that secondary school students developed more positive attitudes toward contributing to and promoting the site after participating in a social exchange theory-based initiative. Pre- and post-campaign comparisons revealed measurable shifts in their understanding of tourism benefits and conservation efforts. These findings underscore the potential for educational interventions to foster local engagement and support sustainable heritage management, offering actionable insights for stakeholders aiming to balance development with preservation in Lenggong.

Anachrony and Identity in the Loire Valley Chansonniers

The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes — 2015 — WHE5220F8C3A0

Loire Valley chansonniers, polyphonic manuscripts from the late 15th century, served as symbolic representations of noble identity for bourgeois owners seeking cultural and social ascension. These anachronic objects, blending elements from established types, were kept relevant through the editorial interventions of a unique copyist, the 'Dijon Scribe,' who managed their disrupted preparation. The study leverages theories by Nagel and Wood to contextualize how these manuscripts universalized noble ideals, catering to the aspirations of notaries and secretaries in the orbit of the French royal court.

Análisis de la cadena de valor, canales cortos de comercialización y horticultura multifuncional como opciones de puesta en valor: Caso de la Huerta de Aranjuez

Aranjuez Cultural Landscape — 2015 — WHE64378E40B7

Shortening the agricultural supply chain through direct-to-consumer sales and multifunctional horticulture can revitalize Aranjuez's historic orchards. This study found that 69% of consumers prefer buying products directly from producers, while 52% of farmers already sell without intermediaries. Multifunctional approaches—such as educational, therapeutic, or agro-touristic activities—were highly valued by consumers, particularly for their potential to foster well-being and connection with nature. The research used a value-chain analysis (including SWOT and expert panel consultations) to assess Aranjuez's horticultural sector, revealing challenges like low production volumes and limited organic farming adoption despite strong consumer demand. It suggests that structured short supply chains and professionalized multifunctional horticulture could create economic value while preserving the site's cultural heritage.

Análisis de la competitividad de asociaciones de productores que prestan servicios ecoturísticos en los municipios de San Agustín y Pitalito, departamento del Huila (Colombia)

San Agustín Archaeological Park — 2015 — WHE74C0E97B56

Rural ecotourism in the UNESCO-listed San Agustín Archaeological Park, Colombia, currently lacks competitiveness despite its significant cultural and environmental potential. A 2015 study analyzing 11 producer associations in San Agustín and Pitalito found that while these communities offer unique heritage resources—including pre-Columbian archaeological sites and the Colombian Massif’s natural beauty—they remain underdeveloped due to limited investment, weak innovation, and gaps in market access. The research, employing a mixed-methods approach with surveys based on competitive tourism management models, evaluated four key areas: innovation capacity, business opportunities, cooperation, and financing. Findings indicate that substantial improvements in infrastructure, training, and partnerships are needed to transform ecotourism into a viable economic driver for rural communities.

Análisis de riesgos climáticos sobre los componentes, recursos y medios de vida de los sistemas alimentarios del departamento de Copán en el año 2014

Maya Site of Copan — 2015 — WHEC5D82D3BD9

A significant risk to food systems in Copán, Honduras, was identified due to climate hazards, with vulnerability determined by sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity. The study found that these hazards pose substantial threats to livelihoods, resources, and food security dimensions, particularly in 2014. Using an instrumental case study design with embedded units, the research employed semi-structured interviews and focal groups to assess danger levels, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Key insights include how climate impacts influence resource stability, access, and flexibility, ultimately shaping community risk. This analysis provides critical data for understanding climate-induced vulnerabilities in food systems.

Analyse spatio-temporelle de la morphologie du chenal du Rhône du Léman à la Méditerranée

Historic Site of Lyon — 2015 — WHEF36183D5D0

A century-long incision of the Rhône River's channel, driven primarily by channelization and hydroelectric dams, has significantly altered sediment dynamics and river morphology. This study reveals that while these modifications have led to paving and fine sediment storage in certain sections, residual mobility of bedload persists during major floods. Key findings include the compartmentalization of the river continuum due to dams, which traps sediments in reservoirs and promotes paving downstream of Lyon. The research integrates bathymetric data from 1897–2010 with granulometric samples from over 300 sites, using a standardized sampling protocol to assess bedload mobility, tributary inputs, and the impact of structures on sediment transport conditions. These insights support recommendations for sustainable river management, such as adjusting dam operations and gravel reinjection, aimed at ecological restoration.

Analysis of Bridge Construction as a Restoration Technique for Everglades National Park, FL, USA, Using Hydrological Numerical Modeling

Everglades National Park — 2015 — WHE71CA75EB59

Bridge construction along the Tamiami Trail could significantly increase water delivery to the Everglades National Park (ENP), with simulations showing a 6% increase for a 1.6-km bridge and up to 10% when combined with a proposed 4.2-km bridge. These changes would also extend hydroperiods—times of inundation—across large areas of the park, enhancing wetland conditions without adversely affecting eastern canal operations or flood management. Additionally, raising canal water levels north of ENP by up to 0.3 m could further boost overland water levels by 21 cm in some regions. The study used MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 hydrological modeling to evaluate the impact of these infrastructure modifications on historical flow restoration efforts.

Analysis of Environmentally Responsible Behaviors based on a Typology of Activity Involvement and Place Attachment - Focuses on Visitors to Namhansanseong Provincial Park -

Namhansanseong — 2015 — WHED50FA607B9

A study analyzing environmentally responsible behaviors among visitors to Namhansanseong Provincial Park reveals that place attachment (PA) significantly influences pro-environmental actions more than activity involvement (AI). Researchers classified hikers into four typologies based on their AI and PA levels: high-involvement/high-attachment, high-involvement/low-attachment, low-involvement/low-attachment, and low-involvement/high-attachment. The findings indicate that hikers with strong attachment to the site exhibit more active environmental behaviors, while those with low involvement and attachment tend to be passive. This suggests that future resource management for tourism and recreation should prioritize enhancing visitors' emotional connection to specific places over merely increasing activity levels.

Analysis of groundwater–lake interaction by distributed temperature sensing in Badain Jaran Desert, Northwest China

Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes — 2015 — WHE361FBCF5AF

Groundwater discharge is the dominant factor shaping temperature patterns in Badain Lake, the second-largest desert in China. Using distributed temperature sensing, researchers identified cold anomalies near the eastern and southeastern lakeshore, indicating groundwater inflow, while a weaker signal from the northwestern shore suggests localized precipitation channeled by sand dunes contributes minimally compared to regional groundwater. This study provides the first direct evidence of groundwater–lake interactions in this unique desert ecosystem, advancing understanding of its hydrological dynamics.

Analysis of the Design and Stability of the Retaining Walls Built by the Incas

Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System — 2015 — WHE476ADF4DED

Inca retaining walls, constructed without mortar using granite rocks ranging from 10 cm to 2 meters, have remained stable for over 500 years due to frictional resistance exceeding soil pressures. This remarkable durability was analyzed under static and earthquake loads through field, theoretical, and numerical investigations, revealing the Incas' advanced understanding of sustainable engineering without cement. The study underscores the potential for applying this ancient technique to modern infrastructure challenges.

Analysis of the techniques and materials of the coloured paintings in the Renshou Hall in the Summer Palace

Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing — 2015 — WHE6F67F4FE76

Scientists have uncovered the intricate techniques and materials used in the colored paintings of the Renshou Hall within Beijing's Summer Palace. By employing non-destructive analytical methods, researchers identified the pigments and binding agents that contribute to the enduring vibrancy of these ancient Chinese construction paintings. This study sheds light on the craftsmanship and artistic practices of the Qing Dynasty, offering valuable insights into the preservation and restoration of cultural heritage. The approach utilized integrated techniques to analyze the materials without causing damage, ensuring that the historical integrity of the site remains intact.

Analysis of User Perception Gap regarding User Management by the Characteristic of Districts in Gyeongju National Park

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple — 2015 — WHEFF2FAE96F9

A significant perception gap exists among users of Gyeongju National Park regarding management policies, varying distinctly by district type. The study, conducted through surveys from July to August 2012, classified the park's eight districts into three categories: tourism (e.g., Tohamsan with Bulguksa and Seokguram Grotto), historical culture education (e.g., Namsan and Daebon), and neighborhood parks (e.g., Hwarang, Seoak). Users in tourism-focused areas prioritized policies to enhance satisfaction through visitor limits, while those in historical districts emphasized stricter behavioral regulations. Neighborhood park users showed the least need for policy interventions, highlighting diverse user expectations. These findings underscore the necessity for tailored management strategies that reflect district-specific perceptions, providing a foundation for future policy development.