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Showing 27621 – 27640 of 30315 publications

Is hunting an effective tool to control overabundant deer? A test using an experimental approach

Anticosti — 2012 — WHE5EA094AC66

Despite extensive efforts to reduce white-tailed deer populations on Anticosti Island through targeted hunting, the study found no significant difference in deer density or vegetation recovery between experimental and control sites. The research aimed to achieve a 50% reduction in antlerless deer in five 20-km² areas during 2002–2006 but succeeded at only 93% of its harvest objectives, with subsequent years falling short. Monitoring over six years revealed that deer density and vegetation dynamics varied stochastically rather than responding to hunting pressure. The study proposes multiple hypotheses—including compensatory population mechanisms, hunter access limitations, and recolonization—to explain the lack of observed impact. These findings suggest that sport hunting may be an ineffective tool for controlling cervid populations in natural environments, challenging conventional management strategies.

Islamic Law in ActionAuthority, Discretion, and Everyday Experiences in Mamluk Egypt

Historic Cairo — 2012 — WHE462BC427CE

Islamic law during the Mamluk period (1250–1517) was shaped by a complex interplay of legal doctrine, royal authority, and everyday social dynamics. The study reveals that muhtasibs—legal officials regulating public behavior in Cairo and Fustat—operated with significant discretion, balancing juristic guidelines with the sultan’s policy demands. Their actions, documented in Mamluk-era chronicles, demonstrate how rules from both sources of authority intersected with economic, political, and personal factors to create nuanced legal scenarios. Case studies across devotional practices, crime, market regulation, and public order highlight the fluid nature of Islamic law in practice, challenging rigid interpretations and emphasizing its adaptive role in shaping societal norms.

Islamic Urbanism and Access Regulation as a Guide to the Future the Case of Medieval Cairo

Historic Cairo — 2012 — WHE686ED459DF

Medieval Cairo's urban design reveals a hierarchical system of access and enclosure, reflecting Islamic societal patterns. This study identifies how domestic spaces—ranging from courtyard houses to entire quarters—were structured around privacy and regulated access, forming nested hierarchies that mirrored social interactions and allegiance within Islamic society. By analyzing medieval documents, the research does not aim to reconstruct the past but instead extracts prescribed regulations to address modern urban estrangement caused by Western architectural influences. The findings suggest that traditional Islamic urbanism, rooted in shari’a traditions, offers a blueprint for sustainable, culturally resonant urban planning today.

Isolation and molecular identification of antibiotic-producing actinomycetes from an old house in the medina of Fez, Morocco

Medina of Fez — 2012 — WHE222A89745D

Researchers isolated six antibiotic-producing actinomycetes from soil and deteriorated wood in the historic Medina of Fez, Morocco. Five of these strains exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as Candida albicans. Molecular analysis identified three isolates as Streptomyces species (Streptomyces flavolimosus, S. spiroverticillatus, and S. parvus) and two as Saccharothrix violacea. Notably, the organic extract from one strain showed temperature and proteinase K sensitivity, suggesting a protein-based antibiotic. This study highlights the potential of actinomycetes in Fez's historic environment for producing novel antimicrobial compounds.

Isotopic and hydrochemical data to restrict the origin of the groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert, Northern China

Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes — 2012 — WHE3C6815AE94

Groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert, characterized by its high megadunes and numerous lakes, originates from a source lighter by 6‰ δ18O than local precipitation, suggesting an external recharge mechanism. Isotopic (δD, δ18O) and hydrochemical analyses revealed that groundwater and lake water share a common genetic relationship but are unrelated to local precipitation or the Heine River's leakage. Deep soil water and groundwater follow the same evaporation line (E11), indicating shared recharge sources post-nuclear testing. Helium analysis suggests deep fault zones may serve as underground water circulation channels, providing critical insights for sustainable groundwater management in this arid region.

Jacques Copeau: The quest for sincerity

Paris, Banks of the Seine — 2012 — WHEA352392F2C

Jacques Copeau's late transition from literature to theatre marked the foundation of a revolutionary theatrical approach. At 32, he directed his first adaptation and later established the Théâtre du Vieux Colombier on Paris' Seine, stripping it of opulence to embody simplicity and sincerity. This shift, supported by friends from Nouvelle Revue Française, redefined theatrical spaces and practices, emphasizing authenticity over traditional grandeur.

John Boardman: The Marlborough gems formerly at Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire

Blenheim Palace — 2012 — WHEBE96734612

A significant collection of Marlborough gems, formerly housed at Blenheim Palace, has been meticulously documented and analyzed in a comprehensive study. This research, led by John Boardman alongside Diana Scarisbrick, Claudia Wagner, and Erika Zwierlein-Diehl, sheds light on the historical and artistic significance of these treasures. The study employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating art history, archaeology, and gemmology to examine the gems' origins, craftsmanship, and cultural context. Through detailed examination and numerous illustrations, the authors provide insights into the Marlborough family's patronage and the broader European influence on gemstone artistry during the 18th century.

Journal de John Winslow à Grand-Pré (review)

Landscape of Grand Pré — 2012 — WHE9DA16BF743

A critical review of Serge Patrice Thibodeau's French translation of John Winslow's 1755 journal reveals key insights into the British perspective and methods used during the Acadian deportation from Grand Pré. The analysis highlights the journal as a testimonial document, offering a reportage-style account that emphasizes Winslow's effectiveness but also his frustration with superiors like Robert Monckton. Thibodeau's translation improves accessibility by structuring the text chronologically, including historical context in footnotes, and supplementing it with excerpts from other primary sources, such as Jeremiah Bancroft's diary. The review critiques the 2003 royal proclamation urging Acadians to 'turn the page' on their history, advocating instead for a direct engagement with the deportation's narratives. Thibodeau's work aims to challenge mythologized accounts and provide readers with raw historical material to interpret the past independently.

Kakupacal and the Itzas

Pre-Hispanic City of Chichen-Itza — 2012 — WHEDEB52D4A02

A series of five glyphs, frequently found at Chichen Itza, has been identified as 'Kakupacal,' the name of a valorous captain of the Itzas. This discovery sheds light on historical and glyphic contexts previously overlooked due to limited focus in earlier studies. The current research emphasizes the historic significance of this identification, supported by phonetic evidence, contextual analysis indicating it is a personal name, and references to the known captain of the Itzas. The study bridges gaps between script interpretation and historical records, offering new insights into Maya epigraphy and history.

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska cultural landscape

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park — 2012 — WHE06DD4810B7

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southern Poland, faces significant challenges despite its protective status. The site, a Mannerist architectural and park landscape complex attracting 1.5 million visitors annually, grapples with tensions between heritage protection, private property rights, and individual privacy. While these conflicts may intensify under human rights considerations—such as the clash between individual property rights and collective heritage enjoyment—they also present an opportunity for peaceful resolution through a human rights-based planning approach. This study highlights the need to balance legal protections with stakeholder rights to ensure sustainable management of such culturally significant landscapes.

Kamkam the Nabataean Priestess: Priesthood and Society in Ancient Arabia

Hegra Archaeological Site (al-Hijr / Madā ͐ in Ṣāliḥ) — 2012 — WHE450D172095

A 5th-century CE inscription from Hegra (al-Hijr) reveals the possible status of Kamkam, a Nabataean priestess linked to the goddess Manat. Her funerary text suggests matrilineal significance and offers new insights into the role of priestesses in ancient Arabian society, particularly in northwestern Arabia. The study analyzes her lineage—Kamak daughter of Wa'lu daughter of Harmu—to argue for her elevated social and religious standing. This research contributes to understanding pre-Islamic priesthood traditions by connecting Hegra’s archaeological evidence with broader historical contexts.

Keragaman Lumut pada Marga Pandanus di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon, Banten

Ujung Kulon National Park — 2012 — WHE2A5413B02C

A study conducted in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten, identified nine species of bryophytes growing on the bark of Pandanus dubius. Among these, two species stand out: Fissidens teysmanianum, an endemic species to Java, and Calymperes cougiense, a widespread species in Malesia with a notable presence in Polynesia. The research, carried out between March and April 2008, employed collection methods focused on the surrounding areas of Ujung Kulon National Park. This study highlights the biodiversity significance of bryophytes associated with Pandanus species, contributing to our understanding of their distribution and ecological importance.

Kew Gardens as a literary space

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew — 2012 — WHE6CA4024720

Kew Gardens, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of botanical exploration, has been recognized for its profound influence on literature. This study reveals how the gardens have served as a rich source of inspiration, shaping poetic and narrative expressions across centuries. By analyzing historical texts, economic records, and anthropological observations, the research demonstrates Kew's role in literary discourse, particularly through its depiction of exotic plants and colonial encounters. The approach combines garden history with ecocriticism to highlight how Kew Gardens transcends its botanical purpose, becoming a metaphor for cultural exchange and environmental narrative.

Kinect and 3D GIS in archaeology

Maya Site of Copan — 2012 — WHE5B1AF4CB26

A low-cost, portable system leveraging Microsoft's Kinect enables virtual navigation and gesture-based interaction with a digitally reconstructed 3D GIS model of the ancient Maya city of Copan. This prototype, part of the MayaArch3D project, demonstrates how integrating databases with 3D digital tools can enhance research and teaching on ancient architectures. The system, built using the Flexible Action and Articulated Skeleton Toolkit (FAAST), allows users to remotely control movements in the virtual environment through touchless gestures, fostering spatial awareness and embodiment while retrieving multimedia information from a spatial database.

Kinematics of the Guerrero terrane accretion in the Sierra de Guanajuato, central Mexico: new insights for the structural evolution of arc–continent collisional zones

Historic Town of Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines — 2012 — WHEE810BD4C08

Research reveals that the accretion of the Guerrero terrane to the North American craton during the late Early Cretaceous led to significant structural evolution, including the closure of the Arperos oceanic basin and the formation of a 100 km-wide fold–thrust belt. The Sierra de Guanajuato, an exposure of this suture belt, exhibits a complex tectonic pile formed through three major shortening phases (D1SG, D2SG, D3SG). D1SG and D2SG involved NE–SW shortening, while D3SG showed NW–SE contraction with SE-vergent ductile thrusts. These findings suggest that the top-to-the-SE emplacement of the El Paxtle arc assemblage may be due to tectonic escape caused by continuous NE impingement of the Guerrero terrane during its collisional addition to the Mexican mainland.

King penguin population on Macquarie Island recovers ancient DNA diversity after heavy exploitation in historic times

Macquarie Island — 2012 — WHE73E391850F

King penguin populations on Macquarie Island have recovered ancient genetic diversity within just 80 years, despite near-extinction due to historical human exploitation. This remarkable resilience is attributed to conservation efforts that enabled the population to expand and recolonize both previous and new sites. Researchers used ancient DNA methods to compare past and modern genetic diversity, revealing that current populations on northern Macquarie Island mirror historical levels of variation. The study highlights the effectiveness of conservation in restoring not only population numbers but also genetic diversity, offering a promising model for species recovery.

Klimaänderung: mögliche Auswirkungen des Temperaturanstiegs auf den Weinbau in der Wachau

Wachau Cultural Landscape — 2012 — WHE39DD6B97BE

Rising temperatures due to climate change are set to significantly alter viticulture in the Wachau region, potentially shifting its wine production closer to that of Bordeaux, France. The study analyzed historical weather data from 1971–2006 and projected future temperature increases using a climate scenario specific to Austria. By applying Gladstones' heat summation model, researchers found that higher temperatures could extend grape ripening periods, possibly increasing sugar content but also altering wine quality characteristics. This comparison with Bordeaux highlights the potential for regional adaptation strategies in viticulture.

Koncepcja odbudowy warszawskich zabytków w pierwszych latach po II wojnie światowej

Historic Centre of Warsaw — 2012 — WHED79B95A5BE

Post-World War II Warsaw's reconstruction, led by Roman Piotrowski and guided by the Department for Monumental Architecture under Piotr Biegański, represented a 'creative reconstruction' that diverged from prewar urban planning. This approach, overseen by general restorer Jan Zachwatowicz, aimed to address perceived flaws in prewar Warsaw—such as dense spacing, lack of green spaces, and historicizing facades post-1850—while leveraging Nazi-era project works. The reconstruction eliminated 19th-century conversions and outbuildings along Krakowskie Przedmieście and Nowy Świat, resulting in a more open city center that reflected Warsaw's historical development from Renaissance to 18th-century classicism. Unlike prewar architecture, this reconstruction has not been previously studied, offering a unique lens on urban renewal following catastrophic destruction.

La Arquitectura de los Dioses. Dibujando en Paestum

Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological Sites of Paestum and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula — 2012 — WHEFDFD65B012

Greek Doric architecture, as exemplified by the temples of Paestum, reveals intricate design principles and construction techniques through meticulous on-site drawing. This study documents the architectural nuances of three notable temples—the Basilica, Neptune, and Ceres—highlighting their structural intricacies and decorative elements. By analyzing these drawings, researchers uncover insights into ancient Greek craftsmanship, including proportional relationships, entablature details, and column ornamentation. The approach combines direct observation with technical sketching, providing a detailed visual and analytical record of these UNESCO-listed sites.

La ciudad blanca; Madinat Al-Zahra

Caliphate City of Medina Azahara — 2012 — WHE1F37304906

The relationship between time and architecture is illuminated through the material and construction processes at the Museo de Madinat al-Zahra, revealing how these elements serve as a foundation for architectural form. The project draws inspiration from archaeological excavation, guiding its conceptualization, development, and execution. Spatial, material, and constructive decisions emerge from reflections on contemporary architecture, ancient Arab city design, and the preservation of archaeological ruins. This approach bridges modern architectural practices with historical restoration, offering a unique perspective on the intersection of time, materiality, and form in heritage conservation.