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How Manco Capac, when he saw that his brothers had been turned into stones, went to a valley where he met some people; and how he founded and built the ancient and very rich city of Cuzco, which was the capital of the whole empire of the Incas

City of Cuzco — 2010 — WHE371B445107

Archaeological and historical evidence from the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Cuzco reveals the mythological and ritualistic foundations of its establishment by Manco Capac, the first Inca ruler. The study suggests that the city's inception was marked by divine omens—such as celestial signs and bird flights—that guided Manco Capac in selecting the site for his settlement. The initial structure, a humble stone house with a straw roof named Curicancha (later becoming the Temple of the Sun), symbolized the city's golden legacy. This account, derived from indigenous narratives, highlights the syncretism of Inca religious practices and astronomical observations, providing insight into the cultural and spiritual significance of Cuzco's origins as the capital of the Inca Empire.

How the Author reached the City of Damascus, of which a short Account is given, together with what more took place after leaving it and reaching the modern Saida, the ancient Sidon

Ancient City of Damascus — 2010 — WHE9BA475BEE3

Damascus, the 'Earthly Paradise,' is celebrated for its superior climate and abundant water sources, contributing to its historical prestige. The text describes its geographical features, including a double-walled perimeter and proximity to Mount Lebanon, while also noting the presence of French military insignia from Napoleon's campaigns. The account provides a firsthand perspective on Damascus' significance as Syria's metropolis during the 17th century, blending natural and cultural observations. This historical narrative offers insights into the city's perceived qualities and its enduring legacy.

How the brothers, being in Tampu-Quiri, beheld him whom they had shut up in the cave by deceit, come forth with wings; and how he told them that he went to found the great city of Cuzco; and how they departed from Tampu-Quiru

City of Cuzco — 2010 — WHECCB1942406

A narrative from the Chronicle of Peru describes Ayar Cachi, one of the four brothers (the Orejones), emerging with feathered wings from a cave near Tampu-Quiru to announce the founding of the great city of Cuzco. This mythological account suggests that Ayar Cachi, later revered as a deity, foretold the establishment of Cuzco as a significant urban and religious center, emphasizing its role in worshipping the sun and the construction of a sumptuous temple. The text also introduces the practice of ear-boring among Incas, symbolizing their elevated status. This passage blends historical mythology with cultural practices, providing insight into the origins of Cuzco's significance as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The narrative was recorded in the 16th century and offers a glimpse into Inca traditions and beliefs.

Hurdles to Forest Friendly Farming: Sustainability Lessons from Southeastern Mexico

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2010 — WHE4D55DFC9A7

Despite the global push for sustainable agriculture that balances forest conservation and livelihood enhancement, intensive farming in Calakmul Municipality, Mexico, fails to curb deforestation. This study identifies multifaceted biophysical and socioeconomic hurdles that compel farmers to expand land use intensively, undermining forest-friendly practices. Analyzing tropical agricultural challenges, the research highlights how these factors interact to perpetuate deforestation, offering critical lessons for sustainable development in similar regions.

Hydraulic Modeling of Flash Floods in Sana'a

Old City of Sana'a — 2010 — WHE1009DD5D86

A comprehensive hydraulic modeling study of flash floods in Sana'a, Yemen, identifies critical flood hazard zones along the city's major stormwater channel, which poses significant risks to lives and infrastructure. The research, conducted with support from the World Bank and Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Reconstruction, quantifies flooding extent and depth for extreme events using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS tools. Challenges such as limited digital elevation data and rapid urbanization were addressed to map floodplains, aiding in risk assessment, mitigation planning, and the development of early warning systems. Climate change and urban expansion have exacerbated flood hazards, emphasizing the need for urgent intervention.

Hydrogeological Considerations on the Western Sector of the Danube Delta - a Case Study for the Caraorman and Saraturile Fluvial-Marine Levee (with Similarities for the Letea Levee)

Danube Delta — 2010 — WHE88CAE716AD

Groundwater in the western sector of the Danube Delta exhibits distinct hydrogeological patterns influenced by marine and riverine interactions. Research reveals that groundwater in the Caraorman levee remains stable with slight eastern rises, maintaining undrinkable quality due to high mineralization and chlorine content from marine influence. Freshwater lenses between dunes, though scarce, possess high drinking quality but are ephemeral. The Saraturile levee's groundwater is heavily influenced by Black Sea salinity, leading to severe soil salinization during summer. Groundwater movement mirrors the Danube River's flow direction but at a much slower pace due to gentle slopes. This study, comparing data from 1996-2006 with historical records, highlights the delicate balance of groundwater dynamics in this UNESCO-listed biosphere reserve.

Ida: A link to human evolution

Messel Pit Fossil Site — 2010 — WHED2EEFE1BF1

In 2009, the discovery of Ida, a 47-million-year-old fossil from Germany's Messel Pit, was announced as a significant link in human evolution. This fossil, named Darwinius masillae, provides critical evidence for the transition between monkeys and apes, addressing long-standing gaps in the evolutionary record. The research involved an international team of experts who secretly studied the fossil for two years to confirm its authenticity before announcing their findings. Ida's preservation during a pivotal period in Earth's history—marked by dinosaur extinction and the rise of mammals—offers unique insights into early primate evolution. Named in honor of Charles Darwin's bicentenary, this fossil is expected to remain a focal point of intense scientific research and debate.

Il Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze. Le collezioni geologiche e paleontologiche / The Museum of Natural History of the University of Florence.The Geological and Paleontological Collections

Historic Centre of Florence — 2010 — WHE4D2CE91F82

One of the world's oldest scientific museums, the Natural History Museum of the University of Florence, founded in 1775 by Grand Duke Pietro Leopoldo, houses significant geological and paleontological collections that have played a pivotal role in advancing modern geological-paleontological thinking. This volume presents a detailed history of these collections, tracing their development from the 17th century through the contributions of scholars who expanded and studied them. The collections, organized chronologically into Invertebrate, Vertebrate, Paleobotanical, and Geological categories, are meticulously documented, offering insights into their cultural heritage value. Additionally, the volume highlights ongoing research projects that leverage these collections, underscoring their importance in paleontological studies.

Ilhas oceânicas da Trindade e Fernando de Noronha, Brasil: Uma visão da Geologia Ambiental

Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves — 2010 — WHE02484D3923

This study highlights significant geological and environmental changes affecting the Brazilian Atlantic Islands, specifically Fernando de Noronha and Trindade. The research reveals that these islands, composed of alkaline ultrabasic to intermediate rocks and Pleistocene-Holocene sedimentary deposits, have undergone substantial erosion due to deforestation and coastal engineering projects, particularly in Fernando de Noronha's Santo Antonio port. In Trindade, erosion is primarily attributed to deforestation caused by the introduction of livestock in the 18th century. The study also identifies sea-level variations and wave climate changes as critical factors exacerbating coastal erosion. By analyzing paleodunes, beaches, alluvial deposits, algal reefs, and coral reefs, the research provides a comprehensive understanding of the geological and oceanographic processes shaping these UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Ilios

Archaeological Site of Troy — 2010 — WHE76BD08F109

Heinrich Schliemann's groundbreaking excavation at the Archaeological Site of Troy revealed seven distinct settlement phases, providing the earliest detailed interpretation of the city's history. His work, first published in 1880, combined findings from excavations conducted between 1871–1873 and 1878–1879, offering a comprehensive account of Troy's development. Schliemann employed controversial methods, including the destruction of monumental buildings to access deeper layers, which sparked debate over archaeological practices. His discovery not only confirmed the existence of Troy as described in classical epics but also ignited discussions about the historical validity of such narratives. This volume remains a pivotal resource for understanding the historiography of archaeology and the evolution of excavation techniques.

Images in Spite of All: Four Photographs from Auschwitz

Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) — 2010 — WHE88DD5FBBBE

Auschwitz-Birkenau, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and symbol of Nazi atrocities during WWII, has been the subject of intense historical and visual analysis. This study focuses on four photographs taken within the camp, offering a unique lens to understand its horrors through the medium of imagery. Georges Didi-Huberman's work, 'Images in Spite of All,' delves into these images, revealing their power to challenge and resist the erasure of memory. The approach involves close analysis of photographic evidence, examining how these images defy the systematic destruction of traces left by the Nazi regime. This method provides a counter-narrative to official documentation, highlighting the resilience of visual records in preserving historical truth.

Imaging crustal structure in south central Costa Rica with receiver functions

Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park — 2010 — WHE25A57932F2

A deeper Moho beneath the Talamanca Range, reaching ~50 km depth and indicating isostatic compensation, was identified using receiver functions from seismic data collected between 2005–2007. This study also revealed an intracrustal discontinuity at ~15 km depth, with distortions near active volcanic arcs (e.g., Irazu and Turrialba) and the Central Costa Rica Deformed Belt, suggesting tectonic influences. The research analyzed broadband seismometer data across southern Costa Rica to map crustal structure, confirming quartz-rich rock composition in the upper crust due to low vp/vs ratios (<1.7).

Impact evaluation of tourism exploitation on the water environmental quality of World Natural Heritage Wulingyuan

Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area — 2010 — WHE1261CAABBD

Tourism development at Wulingyuan, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, has significantly degraded its water quality. This study identifies key pollutants—Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Arsenic (As), and Permanganate Index (MnO4-)—and evaluates their impact using three methods: fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, gray correlation analysis, and TOPSIS. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was found to most accurately reflect water quality conditions. The findings provide actionable insights for mitigating environmental degradation in Wulingyuan and its surrounding areas.

Impact of open crop residual burning on air quality over Central Eastern China during the Mount Tai Experiment 2006 (MTX2006)

Mount Taishan — 2010 — WHE597E0340AC

Open crop residual burning (OCRB) significantly impacts air quality over Central Eastern China, particularly during the Mount Tai Experiment 2006 (MTX2006). The study found that OCRB contributed substantially to concentrations of ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), black carbon (BC), and organic carbon (OC) at the summit of Mount Taishan. Using a regional chemical transport model, researchers demonstrated that daily OCRB emissions were crucial for accurately capturing pollutant variations, with OCRB accounting for 26% of O3, 62% of CO, 79% of BC, and 80% of OC during high-pollution episodes. The findings highlight the importance of considering OCRB in air quality assessments, as it affects both primary and secondary pollutants, including ozone, over northeastern Asia.

Impacto das Estradas na Distribuição de Besouros em um Fragmento de Mata Atlântica de Encosta no Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea — 2010 — WHEEB263F807E

A study on the impact of roads on beetle distribution in the Atlantic Forest slope fragment of Tijuca National Park, Rio de Janeiro, found no significant edge effects influencing beetle families or trophic groups. The research, conducted from May 2008 to April 2009 using pitfall traps at varying distances (5–100m) from a road, inventoried 7449 individuals across 17 families, with Staphylinidae being the most abundant. While seasonal and structural/historical factors appeared to shape beetle responses, no clear pattern emerged due to environmental heterogeneity or the taxonomic level analyzed. The findings suggest that road impacts on beetles in this fragment may be less pronounced than expected, potentially influenced by local conditions rather than edge effects.

Impacts of indigenous subsistence hunting on wildlife abundance in the Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve, Honduras

Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve — 2010 — WHEAA4231FAC0

Indigenous subsistence hunting significantly impacts wildlife abundance in the Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve, Honduras. The study reveals that targeted hunting practices, particularly those focusing on large mammals and game birds, have led to noticeable declines in certain species populations over time. Researchers analyzed long-term data on wildlife abundance, combining traditional ecological knowledge with scientific surveys to assess the effects of hunting pressure on biodiversity. This work highlights the complex interplay between indigenous practices and conservation efforts, emphasizing the need for sustainable management strategies that balance cultural traditions with ecological preservation.

Impacts of Recreational Divers on Palauan Coral Reefs and Options for Management

Rock Islands Southern Lagoon — 2010 — WHE668B6515A6

Recreational scuba diving, while popular in Palau's Rock Islands Southern Lagoonposes significant risks to coral reefs. Research shows divers cause frequent physical contacts with hard coral, averaging 0.87 to 2.98 per diver every 10 minutes, with behaviors like holding and fin strikes being most damaging, especially among those using cameras or gloves. Dive guides identified both natural impacts (63%) and divers (34%) as primary causes of coral damage. The study underscores the need for proactive management to mitigate these effects, suggesting long-term monitoring, restrictions on gloves and underwater photography, and guide training to preserve Palau's reefs amid rising threats.

Implications of the Newark Supergroup-based astrochronology and geomagnetic polarity time scale (Newark-APTS) for the tempo and mode of the early diversification of the Dinosauria

Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks — 2010 — WHE7AA54BFFDE

A high-resolution astrochronological framework (Newark-APTS) reveals that stage-level correlations of Late Triassic and Early Jurassic continental sequences were misaligned by up to 10 million years, challenging long-standing biostratigraphic assumptions. New U–Pb dating confirms the accuracy of these correlations, enabling precise dating of dinosaur diversification. Key findings include: no unequivocal Carnian-age dinosaurs; slow saurischian diversity increase in the Norian with no ornithischians; profound provinciality during the Norian and Rhaetian; persistence of classic biotic assemblages into the Rhaetian; a mid-Norian biotic transition coinciding with the Manicouagan impact; and globally homogenous, low-diversity Hettangian-Sinemurian communities. The study underscores the need for region-specific geochronologies to unravel dinosaur diversification patterns.

Imposing Urban Order

White City of Tel-Aviv – the Modern Movement — 2010 — WHE11F9C419D4

Modernism's influence on architecture waned significantly during the first half of the twentieth century, particularly in its countries of origin, due to economic downturns like the Great Depression. However, it persisted and even thrived in peripheral European cities such as Budapest, Bucharest, Helsinki, Tel Aviv, and Ankara, where clients adopted slightly dated modernist formulas to symbolize modernity. The study reveals that city planning, a nascent profession at the time, required substantial political authority for success, which planners often lacked due to their reluctance to embrace avant-garde solutions that might not align with the preferences of political elites.

In which the things of this city of Cuzco are described more in detail

City of Cuzco — 2010 — WHED7C3FEDF35

A detailed account of the city of Cuzco, dating back to 1532–50, reveals its significance as a political and economic hub in the Inca Empire. The text describes the city's role in gathering labor for maintenance tasks, its opulent architecture adorned with gold, and the presence of diverse ethnic groups from across the empire, each maintaining distinct cultural practices. Sacred rituals, including human sacrifices on the nearby Huanacaure hill, are also documented. This firsthand historical narrative provides invaluable insights into Inca urban organization, social structure, and religious practices during the early colonial period.