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Incidencia y factores de riesgo de gastroenteritis en los peregrinos del Camino de Santiago durante el verano de 2008 en el camino francés

Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain — 2010 — WHEF1EECCDE7D

Pilgrims on the Camino Francés of Santiago de Compostela face a significant risk of acute gastroenteritis, with an incidence rate of 23.5 episodes per 1000 pilgrim-days during summer 2008. The study identified key risk factors: pilgrims under 20 years old had nearly five times higher odds (OR=4.72) of contracting the illness, while traveling in groups of three or more and consuming non-bottled water also increased risk. Norovirus was the predominant pathogen, accounting for 56% of cases. The research employed dual approaches—cross-sectional surveys among pilgrims reaching Santiago and a case-control study along the route—to pinpoint these associations through multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Indigenous participation in Australian economies : Historical and anthropological perspectives

Kakadu National Park — 2010 — WHE58C3BE00E1

Indigenous participation in Australia's colonial and post-colonial economies has been shaped by diverse historical, economic, and social factors. This volume presents new theoretical analyses and empirical data on how Indigenous Australians engaged with settler capitalism, property concepts on the frontier, and various industries such as pastoralism, mining, and agriculture. It also examines specific case studies, including Torres Strait Islanders in mainland economies, doggers in the Western Desert, bean and pea picking in New South Wales, and relations with uranium mining in Kakadu National Park. The research contributes critical perspectives to current development discussions, offering insights into the complex dynamics of Indigenous economic participation and its implications for historical and contemporary contexts.

Indigenous Peoples and Migrants: Social Categories, Rights, and Policies for Protected Areas in the Philippine Uplands

Puerto-Princesa Subterranean River National Park — 2010 — WHE89166A14DB

Effective and equitable park management in Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park requires blending community-based conservation, ancestral domain recognition, and landscape park approaches. While legal recognition of indigenous peoples' land rights has improved their position relative to migrant settlers, disparities in political and economic resources persist, limiting their ability to participate fully in conservation efforts or benefit from them. The study identifies four historical management models—coercive conservation, community-based conservation, ancestral domain, and European-style landscape park—and argues that a hybrid model best balances justice and effectiveness by securing indigenous property rights and asset access.

Influence of Density and Climate on Population Dynamics of a Large Herbivore Under Harsh Environmental Conditions

Anticosti — 2010 — WHE78D1824623

A study on Anticosti Island, Canada, reveals that population density and autumn-spring climate conditions significantly influence the dynamics of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a large herbivore thriving at its northern range limit under harsh environmental conditions. Despite severe winters with scarce forage and abundant snow, the population showed increased growth over 23 years, with adult survival rates comparable to other populations but lower reproduction rates. Density at estrus primarily affected reproduction in younger females (2–4 years old) and prime-aged females (5–9 years), while spring conditions favoring high-quality forage likely impacted neonatal survival in older females (≥10 years). Unlike typical northern ungulate studies, this research highlights the dominant role of autumn-spring climate alongside density rather than winter severity. These findings underscore the importance of considering population density and seasonal climate in management strategies for such populations.

Influence of Outsourced Finance on Conservation of Built Heritage in a Developing Country

Stone Town of Zanzibar — 2010 — WHECF6196F73D

Outsourced finance plays a pivotal role in sustaining the built heritage of Stone Town, Zanzibar, by elevating its global visibility and reviving stagnant conservation efforts. However, despite these contributions, current practices often yield detrimental outcomes that hinder long-term sustainability. The study examines how external financial sources influence heritage conservation in developing countries where internal resources are insufficient. It highlights both the positive impact of outsourced finance—such as bringing international attention to Stone Town—and its limitations, which fail to ensure lasting preservation effects.

Insights into the origin and identity of National New Zealand Flax Collection plants from simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping

New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands — 2010 — WHEAFFC8423A5

Research reveals that several genetically identical plant accessions within the National New Zealand Flax Collection share names but distinct genetic profiles, aligning with prior morphological groupings. The study used simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping on 55 accessions, comparing them to predominantly wild Phormium plants, and identified interspecific hybrids in Māori cultivars, including Phormium tenax × Phormium cookianum. Findings support historical accounts of Phormium's introduction to the subantarctic islands by sealers from southern New Zealand and possibly by Māori and Moriori from the Chatham Islands. The SSR markers also offer tools for studying speciation, evolution, and hybridization in Phormium.

Integrating field data

iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park — 2010 — WHE995A0860CF

A study integrating field data reveals that savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) populations, despite being classified as 'vulnerable' by the IUCN due to declining numbers in some African regions, are rapidly growing in certain South African protected areas. This growth poses challenges for vegetation structure and necessitates effective management strategies. The research, conducted across three sites spanning arid savannahs (Etosha National Park, Namibia) and woodlands (Tembe Elephant Park, South Africa, and Maputo Elephant Reserve, Mozambique), used a combination of remotely sensed data, GPS tracking, and traditional ethological observations to assess elephant habitat use. The study focused on key variables such as distance to human settlements, distance to water, and vegetation type, employing Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery for vegetation mapping and radiotelemetry collars for tracking elephant movements. Findings highlight the importance of understanding landscape use by elephants to inform management strategies, particularly in providing more space for these populations.

Interactions of Fire and Nonnative Species Across an Elevation/Plant Community Gradient in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

Hawaii Volcanoes National Park — 2010 — WHEDFCE63927A

A study in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park revealed that invasive species, particularly nonnative ferns and grasses, can significantly hinder the recovery of native tropical forests following wildfires. The research, conducted over two years post-2003 fires, found that while Metrosideros polymorpha trees often survived via basal sprouting, their growth was stunted in areas where invasive understory species rapidly established. This suggests that fire and nonnative species interactions can maintain shrublands dominated by fire-resilient, nonnative plants, potentially threatening native biodiversity. The study documented stand-replacing fires across elevation gradients, highlighting the complex dynamics between fire regimes and invasive species in tropical ecosystems.

Internationalizing heritage: UNESCO and China’s Longmen Grottoes

Longmen Grottoes — 2010 — WHECAE39C4D45

UNESCO's World Heritage List plays a pivotal role in China's internationalization, particularly through its recognition of significant heritage sites like the Longmen Grottoes. This study reveals that the internationalization process is not merely about deregulation but involves complex interactions—collaboration, resistance, confrontation, and compromise—among states, communities, citizens, and global actors. The case of Luoyang demonstrates how tensions between universal internationalism, nationalism, and localism are managed through state-led developments. The research highlights that both globalization and internationalization can strengthen the state at multiple levels, challenging the notion of a zero-sum game in heritage preservation.

Interrogating ‘Gender’ in Development Policy and Practice

Maya Site of Copan — 2010 — WHE28D06EDCB8

Development policies often adopt 'gender' as a core component, yet its implementation diverges from feminist goals of social justice and equal power relations. This study examines tourism-based microenterprise funding at Copán, Honduras, revealing how 'gender' is interpreted differently by international institutions like the World Bank, local governments, and project implementers. These varied understandings led to contradictory outcomes, ultimately failing to integrate indigenous women into tourism development. The research combines policy document analysis with interviews, exposing the complexities and contradictions in gender integration efforts.

Intimità a Pompei

Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata — 2010 — WHE74487B9491

Alcove cubicula, small yet lavish reception rooms in Pompeian houses, emerged as powerful symbols of social distinction and prestige. These intimate spaces, often adorned with beds for rest or sleep, exhibited rapid adaptation to evolving fashion trends, initially from patrician residences before spreading across social strata. The study reveals that their design reflected not only luxury aesthetics but also the diverse tastes of Pompeii's social groups, ranging from sophisticated elegance to trivialized clichés. By analyzing architectural layouts, accessibility, lighting, landscape, and decoration, the research reconstructs the cultural significance of these rooms as tools in strategies of distinction, offering a nuanced perspective on Roman domestic life and its social hierarchies.

Intraspecific cache pilferage in larder-hoarding red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in Kluane, Yukon

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2010 — WHE3E0F9D4BA9

In Kluane, Yukon, red squirrels exhibit significantly lower rates of intraspecific cache pilferage compared to other regions and scatter-hoarding species. Research found that only 14% of individuals engaged in pilfering, with stolen cones accounting for just 0.3% of total cached food. Experimental removal of territory owners revealed that younger squirrels with smaller caches were more likely to pilfer when given the opportunity. However, pilfering behavior negatively impacted overwinter survival, as pilfering squirrels were less likely to survive the winter. The study used a mark-recapture method to track marked cones and examine variation in pilfering behavior, providing insights into the role of pilferage in larder-hoarding strategies.

Introduced European Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Domestic Cats (Felis catus) on Robben Island: Population Trends and Management Recommendations

Robben Island — 2010 — WHED20EEA2B50

Robben Island faces ecological challenges due to introduced species. A study reveals that the rabbit population remained stable from 2003 to 2005 but surged after a cat eradication program in 2006, peaking in November 2008 before declining sharply by February 2009. Rabbits preferred open habitats but shifted to transitional areas during high densities. The research highlights the risks of single-species eradication programs and advocates for a comprehensive risk assessment and holistic management strategy to protect the island's ecosystem.

Introduction: conceptualising unconscionability in Europe

Durham Castle and Cathedral — 2010 — WHE97296BF708

Unconscionability, though not easily defined, is a multi-dimensional concept deeply embedded in European legal systems. It manifests across various contexts—consumer, family, and non-professional transactions—and serves as both an exception to freedom of contract and a tool for fairness or solidarity between parties. Its application varies significantly, from stringent procedural approaches to substantive constitutional interventions, with protection levels differing widely. This study, drawn from the 2008 conference 'Conceptualising Unconscionability in Europe' held at Durham Castle, explores these nuances, revealing that unconscionability or its equivalents is present in all European legal orders, albeit in diverse forms. The research highlights its role as a polycontextual instrument, blending national contract laws with broader principles of vulnerability protection.

Introduction: Impact cratering and planetary studies—a fifty-year perspective

Vredefort Dome — 2010 — WHE3A6ECF6479

Over the past five decades, impact cratering studies have evolved into a multifaceted discipline, significantly advancing our understanding of planetary processes. This perspective highlights key milestones, including the identification and analysis of shock deformation features in terrestrial craters and lunar samples, which provided critical insights into high-velocity collision dynamics. Technological advancements, particularly from military research on nuclear explosions, enabled scientists to experimentally constrain these phenomena, leading to the discovery of numerous impact structures worldwide—ranging from two to three per year during the 1970s to mid-1990s. A pivotal moment came with the link between the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary layer's iridium anomaly and the Chicxulub impact structure, demonstrating the devastating global environmental effects of large impacts. The study also underscores the Vredefort Dome in South Africa as a confirmed impact structure, further cementing its significance in planetary science.

Introduction: International history and the memory of the Second World War

Beaches of the D-Day Landings, Normandy, 1944 — 2010 — WHEF54169A7CF

A poignant exploration of the enduring legacy of the D-Day Landings, this study captures the final pilgrimage of aging veterans to Normandy in 2004, marking the 60th anniversary of the historic amphibious assault. It highlights the dual nature of remembrance—both a deeply personal act of homage and a social gathering where veterans reconnected with comrades and locals. The research delves into the narratives of sacrifice, trauma, and resilience, illustrating how these experiences shape collective memory. Through firsthand accounts, it underscores the emotional weight of revisiting the beaches and landing grounds, revealing both the horror of war and the enduring bonds forged in its aftermath.

Introduction. Creating Irish Tourism

Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast — 2010 — WHEEFA060D2B2

Ireland's emergence as a tourist destination, particularly through its scenic attractions like the Giant's Causeway and the Glens of Wicklow, was shaped by evolving travel trends between 1750 and 1800. This period saw the transition from the Grand Tour to the picturesque 'pleasure tour,' with Irish tourism offering unique experiences distinct from British expectations. The study reveals that some 570 travel accounts about Ireland were published during this era, primarily by British and Anglo-Irish writers, reflecting a growing enthusiasm for sublime and picturesque landscapes. The research approach involves analyzing these travel accounts to understand the nature of the Irish tourist experience and its cultural significance.

Inventário das espécies de Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) de Vila Dois Rios (Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil)

Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity — 2010 — WHE62D242BCB3

A comprehensive inventory of Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles) species from Vila Dois Rios, Ilha Grande, Brazil, reveals 50 previously unrecorded species for the island. This study, based on field collections from 2008, literature reviews, and museum records, identifies three subfamilies: Prioninae (6%), Cerambycinae (14%), and Lamiinae (80%). The latter dominates with 40 species across ten tribes, highlighting its ecological significance. Detailed catalographic data, distribution maps, illustrations, and examined material are provided for each species, offering critical insights into the biodiversity of this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Investigación geohidrológica en un sector de Península Valdés, provincia de Chubut

Península Valdés — 2010 — WHE7496054419

A geohydrological investigation of Península Valdés, Chubut Province, identified sustainable freshwater resources for Puerto Pirámides, addressing critical water scarcity issues. The study mapped key geomorphological units—dunes, alluvial plains, endorheic depressions, and coastal zones—and linked them to groundwater dynamics. It revealed two main aquifers: a phreatic aquifer in Quaternary/Tertiary sediments and a semi-confined deeper aquifer, with recharge primarily occurring in dune areas (30% of precipitation). Hydrochemical analysis showed low-salinity water in recharge zones transitioning to brackish or saline conditions downstream. Isotopic data confirmed meteoric origin of groundwater. The research proposed two sustainable extraction sites for Puerto Pirámides while emphasizing environmental protection against contamination and over-exploitation, offering a methodological framework for similar arid regions.

Investigation of Constructing Method of Dolmen in the Old Joseon Period(Ⅰ)

Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites — 2010 — WHEA22CBE3D27

A key insight from this study is that dolmen construction in the Old Joseon Period employed techniques resembling those of Ancient Egypt, particularly through the use of proportions close to the golden ratio (1.5:1 for cap-stone length-to-width) and sophisticated balancing methods involving wedge stones, slanted stone props, and the Grengi Technique—where untrimmed stones were stacked to secure cap-stones tightly. Investigations also revealed purposeful grooves in stone props and rope-binding dents on cap-stones and supports, indicating advanced craftsmanship and logistical solutions for transportation and stability. These findings highlight the period's architectural ingenuity, particularly at sites like Ganghwa Jeomgol and Anak Roam-ri, where dolmens served dual roles as altars and graves.