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Publications

Showing 17901 – 17920 of 30345 publications

A reappraisal of the archaeological remains in the vicinity of the great passage tomb and manorial village of Dowth, Brú na Bóinne, Co. Meath

Brú na Bóinne - Archaeological Ensemble of the Bend of the Boyne — 2018 — WHEEE02804EB4

A reappraisal of the archaeological landscape around Dowth, a key Neolithic passage tomb within Ireland's Brú na Bóinne World Heritage Site, reveals new insights into its medieval transformation and long-term human activity. Geophysical surveys challenge previous assumptions about the location of the manorial village, suggesting that most earthworks in the area stem from agricultural practices rather than medieval settlements. The study also identifies potential remnants of two additional passage tombs and a terraced platform, hinting at Anglo-Norman modifications to Dowth's great mound as part of a motte-and-bailey system. This research integrates field investigations with documentary evidence, providing a nuanced understanding of the site's evolution from Neolithic to post-medieval periods.

A Reappraisal of the Chronology of the Chalcolithic Period in SE Iran: Absolute and Relative Chronology of Tepe Dehno and Tepe East Dehno, Shahdad

Lut Desert — 2018 — WHE774B435D95

A critical reassessment of the Chalcolithic chronology in southeastern Iran reveals that the period spans from the early 5th to the early 3rd millennium BCE, challenging long-standing assumptions based on outdated excavations. This study presents 10 new radiocarbon dates from Tepe Dehno and Tepe East Dehno, located near Shahdad, which define three distinct occupation phases (Dehno I-III) with precise temporal boundaries. Dehno I (4250–4000 BCE), the earliest phase, is followed by Dehno II (3700–3300 BCE), linked to the Aliabad culture, and Dehno III (3200–2900/2800 BCE), a previously undocumented period. These findings, derived from Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) analysis of charcoal samples, provide a more accurate chronological framework for the region, addressing gaps in knowledge that have been overlooked due to a historical focus on Bronze Age urban centers.

A recircumscription of Jacobsenia (Aizoaceae): Re-instating Drosanthemopsis, with two new quartz-endemics from Namaqualand, South Africa and sinking Knersia

Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape — 2018 — WHEBB592AF70B

Research reveals that the genus Jacobsenia, known for its succulent shrubs endemic to quartz-gravel patches in arid South Africa, is polyphyletic and should be recircumscribed. Phylogenetic analysis using ten chloroplast markers demonstrates that Jacobsenia vaginata does not belong in this genus but rather in Drosanthemopsis, where it is reclassified as D. vaginata. Two new species, D. bella and D. kwaganapensis, are also identified within Drosanthemopsis, both exhibiting unique antler-like epidermal cell protrusions on their leaves. Additionally, the monotypic genus Knersia is sunk into Drosanthemopsis, expanding its distribution across three phytochoria in southern Africa's quartz-field flora (QFF). The study suggests a northward diversification pattern for quartz-endemic taxa in Aizoaceae, from the Knersvlakte to the Richtersveld. Taxonomic revisions and species distributions are provided.

A Review of Gender and Estimate of Age the Human Skeleton (Case Study: The Human Skeleton ofKorijan of Kabudarahang in Hegmataneh Museum)

Hegmataneh — 2018 — WHE8F259059CF

A study of the human skeleton from Korijan of Kabudarahang, housed in Hegmataneh Museum, reveals significant insights into gender and age estimation techniques. Researchers analyzed skeletal remains to determine biological sex and approximate age, employing morphological and metric methods. The findings contribute to understanding past populations' demographic characteristics, particularly in the context of UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Hegmataneh, which holds archaeological significance. This case study highlights the importance of skeletal analysis in reconstructing historical human life, providing a foundation for further anthropological research.

A Short Glimpse to the Urban Development of Tabriz during the History

Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex — 2018 — WHE7D0D36DD0F

Tabriz, a historic metropolis in northwest Iran and former capital of multiple dynasties, stands out for its rapid urban growth and the preservation of one of the world's largest roofed bazaars. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2010, the Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex reflects the city's rich cultural legacy, including its role as the 'city of the firsts.' Despite severe earthquakes that destroyed ancient structures, Tabriz remains a symbol of resilience and historical significance, earning accolades such as Iran's most beautiful city in 2012. This study sheds light on the city's urban development trajectory through a comprehensive literature review, aiming to deepen understanding of its dynamic growth patterns and challenges, including the emergence of slum settlements on its peripheries.

A Simbólica do Gosto no Escadório dos Sentidos do Bom Jesus do Monte – Braga

Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga — 2018 — WHE89A944BA8A

The Stairway of the Senses in the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte, Braga, holds significant symbolic meaning within its monumental Via Crucis. This study reveals that the terrace's symbolism, particularly through its sensory elements, contributes to a deeper understanding of the site's broader religious and cultural narrative. By analyzing signs displayed at the Terrace of the Taste, researchers deciphered a layered message that integrates sensory perception with spiritual reflection. The approach involved close examination of textual and visual cues, contextualized within the architectural and historical framework of the Bom Jesus do Monte. This work sheds light on the often-overlooked symbolic dimensions of this UNESCO World Heritage Site, offering new insights into its cultural and religious significance.

A Study of market segmentation on UNESCO World Heritage tourist Motivation Level - focused on Namhansanseong Fortress tourists -

Namhansanseong — 2018 — WHE0F0763A79B

A study of Namhansanseong Fortress identified four key tourism motivation factors that influence visitor behavior: daily life escape, cultural experience, friendship, and fun pursuit. These factors were derived through cluster analysis of 421 valid responses from a survey conducted in late 2015. The findings provide actionable insights for tailoring marketing strategies to different tourist segments, enhancing the site's appeal as both a leisure and sightseeing destination.

A Study of the Production Techniques and Origins of Late-Silla and Early-Goryeo Dry Lacquer Buddhist Statues

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple — 2018 — WHEEB14518A04

Korean dry lacquer Buddhist statues, previously thought to have originated around the mid-Goryeo period under Song Chinese influence, may trace their roots back to the Silla-Goryeo transition period. This study challenges the established timeline by comparing early Korean statues, such as the seated Bhaisajyaguru at Cheongnyangsa Temple and Master Huirang at Haeinsa Temple, with Chinese counterparts from the Sui to Tang dynasties. Analysis revealed striking similarities in materials (hemp cloth and lacquer), construction techniques (hollow interiors without wooden frames, use of wooden struts for support, and lead glass eyes inlaid with hemp fabric and lacquer), and stylistic elements, suggesting a direct influence from China during the 6th to 7th centuries. The research also highlights the potential for future scientific studies on Chinese dry lacquer statues to further elucidate the origins and evolution of these artistic traditions.

A study on for vitalizing of Baekje Historic Areas: Focused on the content of Gongju Gongsanseong Fortress

Baekje Historic Areas — 2018 — WHE618712E06A

Gongju Gongsanseong Fortress, a key component of the Baekje Historic Areas, holds significant universal value as it represents a royal palace site from the Baekje Kingdom period. This study identifies the fortress's potential for sustainable revitalization through innovative approaches such as virtual reality-based restoration and community education initiatives. By analyzing current utilization challenges, the research proposes alternative strategies to align visitor engagement with the cultural heritage's intrinsic values, ensuring long-term preservation and development.

A study on relationship on authenticity, tourist experience, tourist satisfaction and acculturation of world cultural heritage

Historic Villages of Korea: Hahoe and Yangdong — 2018 — WHEC441731C60

A study on the relationship between authenticity, tourist experience, satisfaction, and acculturation among Chinese residents visiting Yangdong Folk Village reveals that tourism can play a significant role in mitigating cultural conflicts. The research, conducted through convenience sampling and self-administered questionnaires from May 1 to May 15, 2016, analyzed responses from 278 valid participants out of 300 distributed. Findings suggest that the perceived authenticity of the site positively influences tourist experience and satisfaction, which in turn affects acculturation processes. This study highlights the importance of preserving cultural heritage while fostering inclusive tourism practices to bridge cultural divides.

A Study on the Buddhist Reliquaries of the Three Storied Stone Pagoda in Bulguksa Temple

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple — 2018 — WHE282F870795

Recent research on the Buddhist reliquaries from Bulguksa Temple's Three-Storied Stone Pagoda has uncovered significant insights into the pagoda's history and the evolution of relic-enshrinement styles. The study, which analyzed newly discovered Goryeo-era renovation records (mokseoji) and re-examined previously unearthed relics during a 2012-2013 conservation project, revealed previously unknown details about the pagoda's construction phases—dating back to Unified Silla's founding in 726 CE and later renovations in 1024 and 1038. These findings highlight the unique traditions of Buddhist culture during the Silla and Goryeo dynasties, offering valuable historical context for understanding the site's significance as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A Study on the Festival Contents through the Shaman Culture in Kangwha

Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites — 2018 — WHEE42B2F7FF7

Ganghwa Island's rich cultural heritage, including Bronze Age dolmens and significant Shaman sites, offers untapped potential for innovative festival content that can enhance local tourism and economic growth. This study demonstrates how integrating global Shaman communities with Ganghwa's indigenous Shaman culture could create modern, nature-friendly festival experiences. By leveraging these unique cultural assets, the region can attract both domestic and international visitors seeking authentic, immersive encounters with Shaman traditions. The research suggests that such an approach not only preserves but also revitalizes local cultural identity while providing a creative solution for regional economic development.

A Study on the Relationship Between a Water System and Settlement in Hongcun, China

Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun — 2018 — WHE233A284BD5

Hongcun Village exemplifies how Feng Shui principles shaped its spatial configuration through an intricate water system. The study reveals that the village's layout—defined by ditches, ponds, and waterways—integrated seamlessly into daily life, reflecting historical water management practices. However, modern influences like tourism and infrastructure development have altered traditional compliance with waterway conventions, leading to pollution and deviations from original designs. Researchers analyzed historical records, resident interviews, and field surveys to map the village's water network, its role in spatial organization, and its impact on local habits. The findings highlight the tension between preserving cultural heritage and adapting to contemporary pressures.

A Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Wild and Orphan Greater One-Horned Rhino (Rhinoceros Unicornis) in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India

Kaziranga National Park — 2018 — WHEF55FD0B29E

A comprehensive survey of gastrointestinal parasites in wild and orphan greater one-horned rhinos (Rhinoceros unicornis) at Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India, revealed near-universal infection rates. Parasite ova were detected in 100% of wild rhino samples, with trematodes Paramphistomum sp., strongyle nematodes, and the cestode Anoplocephala sp. being the most prevalent. Orphaned juveniles exhibited a 96% infection rate, while orphan calves showed significantly lower rates (27%). Strongyles were the only parasites identified in orphans. Fecal egg counts indicated higher parasite loads in wild rhinos (mean 64 eggs per gram) compared to orphans (mean 43 epg for juveniles and 2 epg for calves). The study highlights the widespread nature of gastrointestinal parasite infections in this population, suggesting potential implications for individual health and population viability. Further sampling is recommended to elucidate epidemiological patterns.

A synthetic approach to weathering degree classification of stone relics case study of the Yungang Grottoes

Yungang Grottoes — 2018 — WHE464DC3B9E2

A novel, highly efficient method for classifying the weathering degree of large outdoor stone relics has been developed, with a focus on the UNESCO World Heritage Site Yungang Grottoes. This approach combines terahertz (THz) spectra and ultrasonic velocity measurements, utilizing a least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) regression model to predict weathering levels with remarkable accuracy—relative errors of 8.16% or less. The method is particularly advantageous for areas where ultrasonic testing is impractical, as it requires only approximately 0.2 grams of sample material to obtain THz spectra. This synthetic approach offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for assessing the weathering of stone relics, advancing conservation efforts for such significant cultural heritage sites.

A Taphonomic Approach to the Re-analysis of the Human Remains from the Neolithic Chamber Tomb of Quanterness, Orkney

Heart of Neolithic Orkney — 2018 — WHE9B15CAEB77

A re-analysis of human remains from the Neolithic chamber tomb of Quanterness, Orkney, reveals subtle variations in funerary ritual within and between megalithic tombs. Using advanced taphonomic analysis, researchers uncovered new data that challenges current understanding of Neolithic practices and cosmologies associated with these structures. Unlike previous studies, this approach successfully addressed the complexity of disarticulated and comingled remains, providing insights into themes of transformation, fragmentation, and body manipulation. The findings suggest a more nuanced interpretation of how these tombs functioned as places of transition.

A terrestrial vertebrate palaeontological review of Aldabra Atoll, Aldabra Group, Seychelles

Aldabra Atoll — 2018 — WHE007B9132A7

Aldabra Atoll's Pleistocene vertebrate assemblage reveals a more diverse fauna than previously documented, with notable discoveries including an Ardeola heron, three Procellariformes, tropic-bird Phaethon, gull Larus, rail Dryolimnas, harrier Circus, and owl Tyto. The study, based on fossil material collected in 1987 from Ile Picard, suggests that Aldabra was completely submerged between the deposition of Ile Picard and Point Hodoul deposits, leading to local faunal extinctions. Evidence indicates recolonization by seabirds, rails, harriers, owls, giant tortoises, and lizards post-submergence event.

A Touch of Teotihuacan at Izapa: the Contents of Two Burials from Group F

Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan — 2018 — WHE8509CB9910

Two burials excavated at Izapa in 1963 contain rare green obsidian artifacts linked to Teotihuacan, suggesting political independence for Izapa during the Middle Classic period. The study describes these burials and their contents, interpreting the Teotihuacan-made objects as gifts that reflect Izapa's autonomous status. This interpretation aligns with Spence's (1996) model of Teotihuacan exchange dynamics, providing new insights into the social and political relationships between these ancient Mesoamerican centers.

A unique small-scale microclimatic gradient in a temperate karst harbours exceptionally high diversity of soil Collembola

Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst — 2018 — WHEC79336C387

A unique microclimatic gradient within the Silická ľadnica Ice Cave, part of the UNESCO-listed Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst, harbors an exceptionally high diversity of soil Collembola, with 129 species identified—approximately 91% of the estimated total richness. This small-scale gradient, characterized by a steep temperature decrease from the karst plateau edge to the doline bottom, serves as a climatic microrefuge for endemic and cold-adapted species. The study, conducted over three years at seven sites along an 117.5-meter slope, revealed that species richness correlates positively with soil temperature, with the middle zone of the gradient hosting a high number of Carpathian endemics (10) and psychrophilic species (21). Additionally, cold and wet karst scree slopes may act as borderline habitats for obligate subterranean species. The findings suggest that such microclimatic gradients in temperate karst systems can serve as biodiversity reservoirs, offering critical microrefugia for endemic and relict taxa.

A Valuation of the Restoration of Hwangnyongsa Temple in South Korea

Gyeongju Historic Areas — 2018 — WHEE5D674FDEC

Restoring Hwangnyongsa Temple (HT), a historically significant site within South Korea's Gyeongju Historic Areas—designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site—proves economically viable. A cost-benefit analysis reveals that the benefits of restoration, valued at KRW 415.3 billion (USD 366.9 million), significantly exceed its costs (KRW 232.2 billion, USD 205.1 million). This conclusion stems from a contingent valuation survey involving 1,000 households, which estimated an average annual willingness to pay of KRW 2,341 (USD 2.07) per household for the restoration project. The study underscores the potential economic and social profitability of preserving such cultural heritage sites.