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Vers la compréhension des séquences sismiques sur un système de failles : de l’observation spatiale à la modélisation numérique. Application à la séquence du Nord-Est Lut, Iran

Lut Desert — 2018 — WHEA5A78617BD

A groundbreaking study on the Lut Desert, Iran, reveals that stress transfers—both during and after earthquakes—play a pivotal role in triggering seismic sequences. Unlike previous research focusing on simple fault systems, this study examines a complex network of conjugated faults (NE Lut sequence, 1939–1997) to assess whether stress transfers not only influence earthquake succession but also synchronize long-term fault ruptures. Using advanced optical image correlation and InSAR data, the researchers measured surface deformations from three major earthquakes (Khuli-Boniabad Mw 7.1, Zirkuh Mw 7.2, and Korizan Mw 6.6), including unprecedented detection of displacements from a moderate historical quake. The findings highlight that stress transfers favor 7 of 11 earthquakes in the sequence, with precise fault geometry modeling being critical for accurate predictions. Simulations further demonstrate that post-seismic viscoelastic relaxation is the dominant process enabling repeated seismic sequences, though the observed order of major quakes was exceptional.

Vertical Deformation Monitoring of the Suspension Bridge Tower Using GNSS: A Case Study of the Forth Road Bridge in the UK

The Forth Bridge — 2018 — WHE8395EA073C

A study monitoring the vertical deformation of the Forth Road Bridge's southern tower reveals a subsidence rate of approximately 4.7 mm per year, with high precision and minimal uncertainty. The research employed advanced GNSS data processing techniques to analyze 33 months of deformation data, identifying significant seasonal signals linked to thermal effects. A thermal expansion model demonstrated a 98.9% consistency with observed annual signal amplitudes, underscoring the substantial impact of temperature variations on bridge tower deformation. While daily signal amplitudes showed poor correlation with ambient temperature, their phase variations aligned closely post-February 2016. The study also explores the potential influence of the North Atlantic Drift on these signals due to the bridge's unique geographical location. It emphasizes the need for more detailed meteorological and loading data to further investigate deformation mechanisms over time.

Vibration monitoring results near a bat hibernaculum at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, March 2016

Mammoth Cave National Park — 2018 — WHE9E5603BC40

Researchers found that vibration levels near a bat hibernaculum at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, were generally low during March 2016, with no significant disruptions detected in the hibernating bat population. The study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), employed a network of seismometers to monitor ground vibrations around the hibernaculum, providing insights into potential impacts of human activities or natural events on this critical habitat for endangered bat species. The findings suggest that current management practices may effectively mitigate vibration-related disturbances, though further long-term monitoring is recommended to assess seasonal variations and cumulative effects.

Viral Communities of Shark Bay Modern Stromatolites

Shark Bay, Western Australia — 2018 — WHE9DF49956FF

Shark Bay's modern stromatolites host abundant single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses, with relative abundances mirroring those found in the Bahamas' Highbourne Cay. This is the first evidence of viral communities in these unique microbial structures, suggesting their global significance. The study used metagenomic shotgun sequencing to identify two putative viral genomes linked to the Genomoviridae family, potentially enriched by phi29-mediated amplification bias. Additionally, antiviral defense genes like CRISPR-Cas, BREX, and DISARM were found in the cellular fraction, a novel finding that may indicate microbial adaptation strategies. These viruses could play crucial roles in shaping microbial diversity and ecosystem function through infection and nutrient recycling.

Virtual Art Experience on Cultural Heritage Information with Construction of Evaluation Criteria

Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor — 2018 — WHE7F588613C6

A novel architecture for objective evaluation criteria of virtual art experiences has been developed, enabling more effective digital preservation and reconstruction of cultural heritage information (CHI). This approach enhances the interactive narrative potential of CHI by leveraging virtual reality (VR) technology. The study demonstrates its application through a VR restoration and display system of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, which underwent an evaluation test based on the established criteria. The findings suggest significant possibilities for advancing digital protection efforts in cultural heritage, particularly for sites like the Qin Dynasty's mausoleum, by integrating virtual art experiences that transcend traditional linear narrative modes.

Virunga National Park, the heart of darkness as UNESCO World Heritage

Virunga National Park — 2018 — WHE6A88F5EF69

Virunga National Park, Africa's first and most renowned national park, faces an eco-crisis rooted in historical rhetoric. The study identifies problematic narrative patterns—echoing Joseph Conrad’s 'Heart of Darkness'—in both human rights campaigns from the Congo Reform Movement (1900) and animal rights movements led by figures like Dian Fossey in the 1970s. These campaigns, while advocating for justice, share responsibility for perpetuating ecological threats to Virunga's biodiversity, particularly its iconic mountain gorillas. The analysis highlights the documentary Virunga (2014) as a rhetorical model offering an alternative narrative path. This work critiques the long-term political and environmental consequences of such discourses, urging a reevaluation of their impact on conservation efforts.

Visceral leishmaniasis in selected communities of Hamar and Banna-Tsamai districts in Lower Omo Valley, South West Ethiopia: Sero-epidemological and Leishmanin Skin Test Surveys

Lower Valley of the Omo — 2018 — WHE83B4FAD3DD

A sero-epidemiological study in the Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia, revealed low but significant prevalence of asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Hamar and Banna-Tsamai districts, with higher rates in children and adolescents. The research, conducted between July and August 2013, analyzed 1682 individuals using the Direct Agglutination Test and Leishmanin Skin Test (LST), finding an overall LST positivity of 8.6% and sero-prevalence of 1.8%. Notably, Hamar District exhibited significantly higher infection rates than Banna-Tsamai, suggesting emerging VL as a health concern in these tourist destinations. The study emphasizes the need for surveillance and further epidemiological investigations to address this neglected disease.

Visitor segments for the Alto Douro Wine Region cultural heritage site

Alto Douro Wine Region — 2018 — WHEBA155C0D7F

A study of the UNESCO World Heritage site Alto Douro Wine Region identified three distinct visitor segments: same-day visitors, cultural visitors, and individual mass visitors. These groups were characterized by their socioeconomic traits, cultural consumption experiences, and travel behavior. The research employed univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, including Categorical Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis, to segment the data collected from site visitors. This segmentation provides valuable insights for heritage management, helping to optimize provision, attract new visitors, and encourage repeat visits.

Visitors’ Attitudes towards Bicycle Use in the Teide National Park

Teide National Park — 2018 — WHE24F5299E0F

A public bike-sharing system shows promise as a sustainable transportation solution for the Teide National Park (TNP), Spain's most visited national park. The study, combining revealed and stated preferences with ordered logit models, found that bicycles could significantly reduce car dependency—currently at 70%—mitigating environmental strain and enhancing visitor experience. This approach offers a practical strategy to improve mobility management in high-traffic protected areas, balancing ecological preservation with tourism sustainability.

Visual convincing of intangible cultural relationships using maps: A case study of the Tongariro National Park World Heritage nomination dossier

Tongariro National Park — 2018 — WHEE943A9C1CE

New Zealand successfully leveraged maps and GIS to visually represent intangible cultural relationships at Tongariro National Park, aiding its UNESCO World Heritage nomination. By integrating scientific data with Māori narratives and symbols, the country made abstract connections tangible and geographically visible, aligning with UNESCO’s cartographic guidelines. The study analyzes archival materials from the park's nomination dossier, housed in Paris, to demonstrate how GIS tools can bridge cultural and spatial dimensions in heritage conservation. This approach offers a model for future World Heritage nominations, emphasizing the power of cartography in storytelling and evidence-based advocacy.

Visual Culture in Imperial China

Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties — 2018 — WHE68D07A11DD

Recent scholarship on visual culture during the Ming and Qing dynasties reveals a dynamic interplay between imperial authority, religious practices, and societal values. Unlike studies on modern Chinese visual culture, which often rely on Western theoretical models, research on the imperial era draws more from art history and anthropology. Key findings highlight how the imperial court used visual elements to project authority, while also exploring auspicious symbolism in tomb contexts, Buddhist and Daoist influences, Confucian values through writing and imagery, urban consumerism via woodblock illustration, rural visual traditions, vernacular images, erotica, and the assimilation of foreign visual elements. This approach provides a nuanced understanding of how visual culture evolved alongside political and social changes over two millennia.

Vitalie Bârcă, Câteva observații privind administrarea cetăților dacice din Munții Orăștiei înscrise în Lista patrimoniului mondial UNESCO / A few notes on the management of the Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains inscribed on the World Heritage List

Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains — 2018 — WHEDAEA8D44C6

Six Dacian fortresses inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List lack management plans and legal administrators, leading to their decay despite Romania's adherence to the 1972 Convention on Cultural and Natural Heritage. Post-2000 legislation aimed at protecting these monuments has been partially ineffective, with key provisions unapplied or ignored. The study highlights systemic failures in enforcement, including the absence of short-term strategies or managers for these sites, underscoring urgent gaps in heritage preservation efforts.

Viticultural landscapes in transition: permanence and change

Palmeral of Elche — 2018 — WHED688492785

Viticultural landscapes, including those of UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the Palmeral de Elche, are dynamic systems characterized by both permanence and change over time. This study highlights how these landscapes undergo phases of development and regression, reflecting broader historical and cultural processes. By analyzing case studies from Poland, Spain (Palmeral de Elche), and Portugal (Alto Douro), researchers demonstrate the application of Fernand Braudel's concept of 'longue durée'—a long-term perspective that captures the enduring yet evolving nature of viticultural landscapes. The research approach combines theoretical frameworks with empirical observations to illustrate these transitions, offering insights into the resilience and adaptability of cultural landscapes.

Voices in the revolution: Resisting territorial stigma and social relegation in Porto’s historic centre (1974–1976)

Historic Centre of Oporto, Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar — 2018 — WHE7169A987B4

Residents of Porto’s historic centre demonstrated significant collective resistance against territorial stigmatisation and social relegation following the 1974 revolution, revealing how political upheaval can catalyse organised opposition to urban marginalisation. The study, based on institutional archives, ethnographic fieldwork, and semi-structured interviews, analysed the deteriorating urban conditions of working-class neighbourhoods in mid-20th century Porto and examined the emergence of resident-led movements during a period of social instability. Findings highlight the interplay between territorial stigmatisation and collective action, offering new insights into the relational dynamics of urban resistance.

Volcanic events that have marked the anthropic history of the Aeolian Islands

Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) — 2018 — WHE4C5B0A6B82

Aeolian Islands' anthropic history was significantly impacted by volcanic events, particularly during three major crises. The first crisis, occurring in the 4th millennium BC, saw coastal settlements like Contrada Diana on Lipari affected by tsunamis from Stromboli's Sciara del Fuoco collapse and eruptions from Vulcano's Gran Cratere, disrupting navigation. A second crisis between the 9th and 6th centuries BC was linked to a strong eruptive phase at Vulcano and another tsunami, further hindering travel to Lipari. The third crisis, spanning the 6th to 11th centuries AD, peaked during the Monte Pilato eruption in 776 AD. This study integrates archaeological, historical, and volcanological data to demonstrate how these volcanic events shaped demographic shifts and settlement patterns on the islands.

Volubilis après Rome

Archaeological Site of Volubilis — 2018 — WHED88B68FB5F

Volubilis, Morocco’s most-visited archaeological site, reveals a dynamic post-Roman history through new excavations. Contrary to assumptions of decline after the third century, elite houses continued commissioning sophisticated mosaics into the fifth century before a catastrophic earthquake ended Roman occupation. The site then revived in the sixth century under Berber Awraba rule and became pivotal in the eighth century as the headquarters of Idris I, who unified much of Morocco. This study sheds light on Volubilis' resilience and cultural transitions across three eras—Roman, Berber, and early Islamic—challenging narratives of post-Roman collapse.

VR Video Storytelling for Intangible Cultural Heritage Preservation

Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar — 2018 — WHE4D9F4C1912

A groundbreaking approach using 360-degree VR video storytelling significantly enhances user immersion and knowledge retention in preserving intangible cultural heritage, as demonstrated by the Mostar bridge diving project. This study found that combining interactive narratives with virtual reconstructions not only captivates audiences but also effectively educates them about traditional practices, such as bridge diving from the Old Bridge in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research employed a user experience evaluation to assess the impact of this method, revealing its potential to serve as a framework for broader intangible heritage preservation efforts.

Vulnerability of the Great Barrier Reef to climate change and local pressures

Great Barrier Reef — 2018 — WHE2CCBC58C84

Under unmitigated climate change and business-as-usual management, coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is projected to decline dramatically to 3% by 2050, following a brief recovery phase. However, strong carbon mitigation and improved water quality could sustain coral cover above 26%, highlighting significant potential for management to reduce vulnerability. The study used empirical and mechanistic models to explore six future scenarios combining climate projections (RCPs), cyclones, and local stressors, revealing that up to 66% of performance loss is attributable to local pressures. Management strategies addressing cumulative impacts could reduce vulnerability by 83% in some central GBR midshelf reefs if paired with aggressive carbon mitigation.

W świecie, ale nie ze świata — o fenomenie brata Józefa Żarnowieckiego

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park — 2018 — WHEE9FA670497

Brother Józef Żarnowiecki, a reclusive figure at Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, is remembered as a humble hermit whose ascetic lifestyle and deep prayer drew pilgrims' attention. His character, shaped by modesty and poverty, left a lasting impact on those who encountered him. The study reconstructs his persona through limited sources—including an interview, a documentary, and pilgrim testimonies—paint a vivid picture of a silent, devout man who became known as 'a Kalwarian’s beggar.' His influence, though subtle, resonated with pilgrims who sought his prayers and small donations. This work serves to preserve the memory of a lesser-known but significant figure in the sanctuary's history.

Waddenland: Concoction or reality? (Chapter 2)

Wadden Sea — 2018 — WHE357E6D6F67

The Waddenland, though not a recognized political or administrative unit and absent from maps, emerges as a concept rooted in shared socio-cultural traits and physical-geographical criteria. This study reveals that the Wadden Sea's recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2009 and 2014 has been driven primarily by ecological significance, with its identity shaped more by natural than political boundaries. The research highlights the need for local population engagement to leverage this designation effectively. It argues that acknowledging the Waddenland as both a man-made and natural landscape is crucial for fostering awareness and collective identity in the region.