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Publications

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Using camera trap data to characterise terrestrial larger‐bodied mammal communities in different management sectors of the Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon

Dja Faunal Reserve — 2018 — WHEBB564AF9D6

A camera trap survey in the Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon, revealed significant differences in mammal communities between two sites 32 km apart. One site exhibited lower species richness, the absence of disturbance-sensitive felids and white-bellied duikers, higher abundance of disturbance-tolerant species, and reduced presence of larger-bodied mammals. These patterns suggest elevated hunting pressure at this site, potentially driving shifts in community structure. The study employed two 40-trap grids over a minimum of 100 days to assess mammal richness, diversity, guild structure, body-size patterns, and relative abundance, providing critical insights into the impacts of anthropogenic pressures on Central African forest ecosystems.

Using Global Positioning System Technology to Manage Human-Black Bear Incidents at Yosemite National Park

Yosemite National Park — 2018 — WHEB504952791

Yosemite National Park successfully reduced human-black bear incidents by 99% from a peak of 1,584 in 1998 to just 22 in 2018 through the innovative use of GPS collar technology. This study demonstrates that proactive bear management, leveraging GPS tracking, significantly enhances staff and public engagement while improving time efficiency and communication with park management. The research, conducted from 2014 to 2018, highlights the effectiveness of GPS collars in providing insights into bear movements and sustaining low incident rates despite rising visitation and budget constraints. Recommendations for implementing GPS technology in other parks are also provided.

Using local ecological knowledge to monitor species populations and their threats

Dja Faunal Reserve — 2018 — WHE520F2B15D1

A novel approach combining semi-structured interviews, hunter diaries, and camera traps reveals that local ecological knowledge can effectively monitor bushmeat species populations and their threats in the Dja Faunal Reserve, Cameroon. The study demonstrates that interview-based occupancy analysis is a robust tool for detecting changes in species distribution and relative abundance, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional monitoring methods. Additionally, it assesses the accuracy of expert hunters' judgments, finding that perceived expertise correlates with more precise and accurate assessments of bushmeat species. This research highlights the potential of integrating local knowledge with scientific methods to improve conservation efforts, while also addressing biases and uncertainties in observational data.

Using Space Syntax to Determine the Form and Pattern of Heritage Site (Case Study: Sangiran Heritage Site)

Sangiran Early Man Site — 2018 — WHE14A2985D55

The Sangiran Early Man Site, a UNESCO-listed cultural heritage site, exhibits fragmented urban development characterized by a low space syntax intelligibility value (R² = 0.012714). This fragmentation arises from dispersed economic activities and parallel road networks, reflecting significant transformations since large-scale development began in 2012. The study employed space syntax analysis, integrating quantitative variables such as scarcity, historicity, scientific value, and road networks to assess the site's form and pattern. Findings reveal a dispersing development pattern, driven by homogeneous economic growth, which contrasts with earlier isolated structures like joglo buildings. This research highlights the impact of infrastructure and economic activities on heritage site morphology, offering insights into sustainable urban planning for similar sites.

Using Stereo Satellite Imagery to Account for Ablation, Entrainment, and Compaction in Volume Calculations for Rock Avalanches on Glaciers: Application to the 2016 Lamplugh Rock Avalanche in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2018 — WHEDD2F129369

A novel method to accurately estimate the volume of rock avalanches on glaciers, accounting for ablation, entrainment, and compaction, was developed and applied to the 2016 Lamplugh rock avalanche in Glacier Bay National Park. The study found that ignoring these processes could underestimate deposit volumes by up to 46.8 million cubic meters (Mm³). Using high-resolution stereo satellite imagery, researchers reconstructed pre- and post-event glacier surfaces, revealing the avalanche initially displaced 51.7 ± 1.5 Mm³ of rock while scouring and entraining 13.2 ± 2.2 Mm³ of snow and ice, resulting in a total deposit volume of 69.9 ± 7.9 Mm³. This approach improves the precision of volume calculations in glacial environments, advancing hazard assessment and understanding of rock avalanche dynamics.

Using the Network and MCA on Tourist Attractions. The Case of Aeolian Islands, Italy

Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) — 2018 — WHEA6050B65D4

Tourist preferences and motivations for visiting the Aeolian Islands, Italy, reveal distinct visitor profiles shaped by identity, sustainability concerns, and consumption interests. A study using social network analysis and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) identified three key groups: those prioritizing environmental sustainability and scenic beauty, such as the sea; others drawn to gastronomic and consumption experiences; and a third group indifferent to the island's attractions. The research highlights how relational variables influence destination attractiveness and suggests strategies for eco-sustainable tourism planning in fragile yet high-demand sites like the Aeolian Islands. These findings offer actionable insights for balancing conservation with visitor satisfaction while guiding future studies on sustainable hospitality systems.

Using Water Temperature, Electrical Conductivity, and pH to Characterize Surface–Groundwater Relations in a Shallow Ponds System (Doñana National Park, SW Spain)

Doñana National Park — 2018 — WHE775012D175

Groundwater discharge significantly influences the thermal and chemical dynamics of shallow ponds in Doñana National Park, as revealed by a study analyzing water temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH. The research demonstrated heterogeneous groundwater flow through pond sediments, particularly in Santa Olalla Pond, and quantified its role in surface-subsurface heat exchange using a heat transfer model. Conducted between 2016 and 2018 across two ponds—Santa Olalla and Dulce—the study integrated spatial measurements of temperature, pH, and EC to characterize groundwater-surface water interactions. Findings align with prior hydrological data, deepening the understanding of these ecologically critical systems within Spain's protected Doñana National Park.

Uta von Naumburg – eine „deutsche Ikone“ aus dem Mittelalter? Figurationen des Weiblichen im deutschen postmodernen Roman am Beispiel von Claudia und Nadja Beinerts "Die Herrin der Kathedrale"

Naumburg Cathedral — 2018 — WHE3577A12302

Uta von Naumburg, a 11th-century figure known primarily through her statue in Naumburg Cathedral, has been mythologized as a symbol of German femininity, notably during the Nazi era. This study reveals how Claudia and Nadja Beinert's postmodern novel Die Herrin der Kathedrale (2013) employs narrative strategies to demythologize Uta’s figure, challenging medieval paradigms of femininity and power. The research examines the cultural reception of Uta, focusing on her representation in both historical and literary contexts, while analyzing how postmodern narratives can deconstruct entrenched myths. By embedding medieval gender constructs within a contemporary framework, the novel offers a critical reimagining of Uta’s legacy, moving beyond nationalist appropriations.

Utilisation of stranded marine fauna washed ashore on K’gari (Fraser Island), Australia, by dingoes

K’gari (Fraser Island) — 2018 — WHE4C4660A816

Stranded marine fauna, such as dead cetaceans and marine turtles, provide a substantial and regular food source for dingoes on K’gari (Fraser Island), Australia. Between 2006 and 2016, an average of 30.3 tons of carrion was available annually, supporting the dietary needs of roughly 5–10% of the island’s dingo population. Camera traps revealed that dingoes, including entire packs, visited carcasses daily after a short decomposition period, indicating significant reliance on marine subsidies. This study highlights how marine strandings can influence terrestrial carnivore diet, behavior, and abundance, potentially leading to cascading effects in terrestrial ecosystems.

Valoración y recuperación de la Biblioteca Central de la Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas, patrimonio mundial venezolano

Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas — 2018 — WHE9BE918BA48

A proposed architectural redesign for the Biblioteca Central de la Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas aims to balance modern functional needs with the preservation of its historical and cultural significance. The study highlights the building's iconic red façade and 12-story height as key elements that contribute to its identity within the university campus. By leveraging digital technologies and drawing inspiration from successful library renovations, such as the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, the redesign seeks to optimize spatial distribution while maintaining structural integrity. The goal is to transform the library into a central hub that serves the university community effectively, ensuring it remains both a functional and recognizable landmark for future generations.

Valorizacija kulturnog nasleđa zaječarskog upravnog okruga za potrebe razvoja turizma studija slučaja: Felix Romuliana

Gamzigrad-Romuliana, Palace of Galerius — 2018 — WHECCB7EB5200

Cultural and historical monuments, including archaeological sites, play a pivotal role in shaping national identity and can significantly boost tourism revenue. This study highlights the potential of Felix Romuliana, an imperial residence of Emperor Galerius (297-311 AD), as a high-value tourist destination within Serbia's 'Path of Roman Emperors' project. Located near Gamzigrad and Zaječar, this UNESCO World Heritage Site offers a unique blend of material and intangible cultural heritage. The research explores strategies for enhancing Felix Romuliana's appeal, leveraging its historical significance as the birthplace, burial site, and apotheosis location of Emperor Galerius. By analyzing the site's cultural and archaeological value, the study aims to position it as a cornerstone for sustainable tourism development in the Zaječar administrative region.

Value assessment of Zamość from the perspective of 25 years on UNESCO World Heritage List

Old City of Zamość — 2018 — WHEB43833ABA2

A comprehensive reassessment of Zamość Old Town's value after 25 years on the UNESCO World Heritage List reveals its enduring significance while highlighting the need for adaptive conservation. The study identifies authentic material carriers of its value and sets boundaries for future interventions, crucial for managing a heterogeneous historical urban landscape. Using updated preservation theory and evaluation methodologies, it provides actionable insights for ongoing restoration efforts, ensuring Zamość's spatial harmony and functionality align with contemporary urban demands.

Value-Based Profiles of Visitors to a World Heritage Site: The Case of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress (in South Korea)

Hwaseong Fortress — 2018 — WHE286068762B

A study analyzing visitor profiles to Suwon Hwaseong Fortress, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in South Korea, reveals four distinct groups based on their evaluation of the site's value: Outing Seekers (OS), Tourism Seekers (TS), Heritage Seekers (HS), and Serious Travel Seekers (SS). These profiles differ significantly in terms of travel distance, recognition of the fortress as a World Heritage Site, and the influence of its status on their decision to visit. The research also highlights variations in visit satisfaction and intent to revisit among these groups. By employing latent profile analysis (LPA) on data from 656 visitors, the study provides insights into visitor behaviors that can inform sustainable heritage tourism strategies, balancing world heritage value with the site's inherent attractiveness.

Variability and sampling strategy of cave wall concretion: Case study of the moonmilk found in Leye Cave (Dordogne)

Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley — 2018 — WHEECE9B7AC16

A study of moonmilk deposits in Leye Cave, part of the UNESCO-listed Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley, reveals that despite significant macroscopic diversity, these calcite formations exhibit low variability at a microscopic scale. This insight is crucial for optimizing sampling strategies in ornate caves where moonmilk poses a threat to cave art conservation. The research used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on 24 samples from a single moonmilk strip, providing the first detailed investigation of its chemical composition and morphological structures over a few meters. The findings suggest that targeted micro-sampling can effectively characterize moonmilk without extensive macroscopic variability affecting results.

Vasari's Castle in the Air

Palace and Park of Fontainebleau — 2018 — WHE59713A4328

A previously unrecognized depiction of a 'castle in the air' has been identified within Giorgio Vasari's Chatsworth Allegory of a Dream, specifically in the fourth pseudo-hieroglyph from the left. This rare iconographic element, long overlooked or misinterpreted as symbolizing pride, is shown to derive from an illustration in an Italian translation of Lucian of Samosata's dialogues and holds significance in sixteenth-century Italian culture. The study proposes that Vasari's drawing was a design for a ceiling panel intended for Giovanni Corner’s palace in Venice, demonstrating its dependence on Francesco Primaticcio’s Allegory of the Nile for François Ier’s palace at Fontainebleau. This finding bridges art history and cultural analysis, offering new insights into Vasari's creative process and the broader artistic context of Renaissance Italy.

Vascular plants census linked to the biodeterioration process of the Portuguese city of Mazagan in El Jadida, Morocco

Portuguese City of Mazagan (El Jadida) — 2018 — WHECE6411F39E

A comprehensive census of vascular plants in the Portuguese City of Mazagan (El Jadida, Morocco) reveals 57 species linked to significant biodeterioration of historical structures. The study identifies therophytes and hemicryptophytes as dominant types, accounting for 79% of the flora, with their rooting patterns posing a substantial threat to substrate integrity. While spontaneous plants constitute 81%, invasive naturalized species like Lycium europaeum exacerbate structural damage, necessitating urgent conservation measures. The research employed systematic sampling and botanical identification to assess vegetation impacts on monument degradation, highlighting the critical role of plant colonization in historical preservation challenges.

Vegetation and Climate History of the Harenna Forest (Bale Mountains, Ethiopia) in the Holocene

Bale Mountains National Park — 2018 — WHE058CEE2F51

A new study reveals that bamboo-dominated forests have thrived at altitudes of 2700–2800 meters in the Harenna Forest (Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia) for at least 6500 years. However, these ecosystems have been declining due to climate aridization over the past 5000 years. Human influence on these forests began around 1000 years ago, marking a significant shift in their ecological history. The research used spore-pollen analysis and non-pollen palynomorphs from the Katcha zoogenic deposit to reconstruct vegetation and climate changes during the Holocene.

Vegetation Changes along the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Engineering Corridor Since 2000 Induced by Climate Change and Human Activities

Qinghai Hoh Xil — 2018 — WHE65D79D98E5

Since 2000, vegetation along the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Engineering Corridor has shown significant changes, with 23.6% of the study area experiencing an increase in greenness, particularly in the Hoh Xil region, while alpine meadows—covering 72.4% of areas with declining vegetation—have faced rapid degradation due to permafrost thaw and overgrazing. Researchers analyzed nested quadrats ranging from 500 × 500 m to 20 × 20 km using the Cumulative Growing Season Integrated Enhanced Vegetation Index (CGSIEVI) and meteorological data, revealing that an active layer depth of 3–3.2 meters acts as a critical threshold for alpine meadow resilience. The study highlights the dual impact of climate change—through increased precipitation—and human activities on vegetation dynamics in this ecologically sensitive region.

Venice: a library for the world

Venice and its Lagoon — 2018 — WHE41A5E5C40D

Venice, with its over 35 libraries housing more than three million volumes, emerges as a 'library for the world,' offering a unique cultural and operational model. This study reveals Venice's historical center as a dynamic network of libraries, rich in both spatial organization and social significance, serving as a laboratory for creative thinking and urban development. The research employed mixed methods, including mapping, photographic surveys, and interviews with library stakeholders, to analyze the city's library assets and challenges. A comparative analysis with Manhattan's libraries further contextualized Venice's role as a cultural hub. The study proposes an innovative 'ark' concept—a central node for a polycentric library system—to address current issues while fostering synergies between institutions. By positioning libraries as catalysts for urban growth, the research underscores their potential to shape a sustainable and interconnected future for Venice.

Vermuyden, Arkwright, and Slater the Traitor: Derwent Valley Mills—Birthplace of the Water Powered Cotton Spinning Industry and Skyscraper Construction Techniques

Derwent Valley Mills — 2018 — WHEBB2CD58619

The Derwent Valley Mills, located in Derbyshire, England, represent a pivotal development in industrial history as the birthplace of the water-powered cotton spinning industry and advanced skyscraper construction techniques. This study reveals how Cornelius Vermuyden's drainage of a lead mine catalyzed legal reforms and mining practices that facilitated the establishment of early mills in the valley. Sir Richard Arkwright's innovations, including the Masson Mill at Matlock Bath, marked significant advancements in mill design, leveraging mine drainage water for power. The research also explores the competitive dynamics among mills and their influence on high-rise building designs. Additionally, it recounts the controversial figure of Samuel Slater, known locally as 'Slater the Traitor' for his alleged betrayal by illegally taking technical knowledge to the USA, where he established his own mills.