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Showing 2701 – 2720 of 15962 publications

Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle and their relationship with soil type

Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape — 2025 — WHEC35F9EA882

A significant correlation between soil characteristics and plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) diversity was identified in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia. Sandy soils with moderate organic matter levels were found to support higher PPN diversity, while high salinity suppressed it. Four dominant PPN genera—Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus, and Xiphinema—were prevalent in Hasawi Lumi (Citrus aurantiifolia) orchards, with T. semipenetrans being the most widespread (52%). This study marks the first comprehensive assessment of PPNs in this region, offering critical insights for improving citrus productivity through targeted soil management strategies.

Plantaciones de Palmeras de Elche: Arte, Agricultura, Sociedad

Palmeral of Elche — 2025 — WHE0D064E699A

Despite decades of legislative protection, the historic date palm plantations (Palmeral) of Elche, Spain, face severe decline due to urban encroachment and loss of traditional agricultural practices. A century-long corpus of laws—from 1933’s prohibition on felling living palms to UNESCO’s 2000 World Heritage designation—has failed to preserve the site's ecological and cultural integrity. While these measures aimed to safeguard the palm groves, urban development, including infrastructure like schools and hospitals, fragmented the landscape, eroding its structure without adequate enforcement. The study reveals that bureaucratic plans and symbolic recognition, such as UNESCO’s status, have had minimal practical impact on conservation, leaving the Palmeral in a state of ruin. Key challenges include the loss of traditional irrigation methods and the lack of effective urban planning to balance development with heritage preservation.

Poaceae Species Suitable for Andean Livestock Farming in the Peruvian Andes Reported in GBIF and Local Studies

Huascarán National Park — 2025 — WHE2D40FE8117

Research identifies 63 Poaceae species suitable for Andean livestock farming, including genera such as Agrostis, Bromus, and Festuca, with only 52 recorded in GBIF. The study highlights significant gaps in spatial coverage of biodiversity data, particularly in Peru's Sierra region, where records are concentrated in high-tourist areas like Huascarán National Park. This underscores the urgent need for improved monitoring strategies to support conservation efforts and sustainable livestock farming practices amidst ongoing ecosystem degradation.

Policing an Empire at War

Kasbah of Algiers — 2025 — WHEB3B42FE630

World War II significantly intensified colonial policing in Marseille and Algiers, reshaping the relationship between police and North Africans. The study reveals that wartime economic pressures, rather than Vichy policy alone, drove increased surveillance, racial profiling, and the creation of transit camps to control labor and movement. In Algiers, divisions between Algerians and Europeans deepened as competition for resources and public space escalated. Notably, the Vichy regime extended its racialized policing tactics to North African Jews, borrowing methods previously used against Muslims. This research highlights how daily policing practices in intimate settings—streets, markets, and neighborhoods—became central to managing scarcity and production demands during the war.

Política y defensa en el suroriente cubano: el castillo de San Pedro de la Roca, 1635-1800

San Pedro de la Roca Castle, Santiago de Cuba — 2025 — WHE6BB05C838B

San Pedro de la Roca Castle, a key UNESCO World Heritage Site in Santiago de Cuba, played a pivotal role in the defensive strategy of the Spanish Empire in the Caribbean from 1635 to 1800. The study reveals how the castle's fortification system evolved in response to imperial political shifts and military engineering advancements, reflecting broader trends in colonial defense architecture. By analyzing archival records—including reports, inventories, and projects—researchers traced the transformation of the castle from its early 17th-century origins through the 18th century, highlighting its strategic significance in the region's geopolitical landscape.

Political Conditions in the Northern Arabian Peninsula and its Influence on the Trade of the ancient Yemen from the (4th Century BC – 2nd Century AD)

Land of Frankincense — 2025 — WHE868B1B13E3

A shift from land to maritime trade routes via the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf marked a significant transformation in ancient Yemen's economic foundations, driven by political instability in the northern Arabian Peninsula. This study reveals that the region's strategic location at the crossroads of ancient trade networks led to successive dominance by empires like the Seleucids, Ptolemies, Romans, Parthians, and Nabataeans, culminating in the Taurus dynasty's control. However, political deterioration and the rise of pomegranate control accelerated the transition to maritime routes, capitalizing on monsoon winds and reshaping Yemeni trade. The research employed historical methods to analyze these conditions, highlighting how frankincense-based economies pivoted toward agriculture due to this shift.

Politics from Law or Law as Politics? Hugh of Poitiers’s Chronica and the Politics of ius in the Mid-twelfth Century

Vézelay, Church and Hill — 2025 — WHEEDC2A93039

A twelfth-century legal conflict over Vézelay Abbey, documented by monk Hugh of Poitiers, reveals that the concept of ius ('law, right') was intrinsically political. This study demonstrates that such conflicts were not merely about jurisprudential norms but about defining a just societal order. By analyzing Hugh's Chronica, written between 1140s and 1160s, the research challenges modern distinctions between legal and political aims in jurisdictional disputes of the mid-twelfth century. The findings underscore that competing understandings of ius shaped contemporary legal actors' arguments, forcing a reevaluation of how law and politics intertwined during this period.

Population Dynamics and Feeding Behavior of Gelada (Theropithecus gelada) in Ethiopia

Simien National Park — 2025 — WHE79CC380EE4

Gelada baboons (Theropithecus gelada), Ethiopia's only endemic primate, face significant population decline despite their adaptability to Afroalpine and sub-Afroalpine ecosystems. A synthesis of 13 studies reveals a total Ethiopian population of approximately 29,969 individuals, with 62.9% concentrated in the Simien Mountains National Park. The species exhibits complex social structures and a diverse diet, varying by habitat type, but is threatened by multiple factors. While most populations (76.32%) reside in protected areas, 23.68% inhabit unprotected regions, underscoring the need for integrated conservation strategies to ensure long-term survival.

Population Dynamics and Survival Strategies of Two Endangered Ungulates in a Low Water-Availability Site of the Maya Forest of Mexico

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2025 — WHE4A95DA61F5

Research reveals distinct survival strategies among two endangered ungulates—the white-lipped peccary and the tapir—in the water-scarce Calakmul Biosphere Reserve. While the peccary population fluctuated dramatically, disappearing during dry periods before reappearing near scarce water sources, the tapir maintained stable occupancy across nearly all ephemeral ponds over a decade. This study, analyzing 10 years of camera-trap and radiotelemetry data from 18 ponds, highlights their contrasting resilience to arid conditions, offering critical insights into conservation strategies for these rapidly declining species in Mesoamerican forests.

Population genomics of rainforest mountain frogs (Anura: Limnodynastidae: Philoria) severely impacted by the Australian megafires

Gondwana Rainforests of Australia — 2025 — WHEE815700E0A

The Australian megafires of 2019/20 severely impacted six of seven montane frog species in the genus Philoria, which are endemic to the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia. Population genomics analysis revealed that narrow-range species can be managed as single populations, while P. kundagungan, P. loveridgei, and P. sphagnicolus exhibit strong genetic differentiation between mountaintop populations, indicating limited natural dispersal. Fire-impacted populations, such as P. pughi and P. knowlesi, may face long-term threats due to reduced adaptive capacity. The study recommends prioritizing in situ conservation, genetic rescue, and translocation efforts to enhance resilience in these isolated, ancient frogs, emphasizing the need for updated fire buffer management in a changing climate.

Population Patterns and Environmental Determinants of Warburgia ugandensis (Sprague) in Northern Tanzania

Kilimanjaro National Park — 2025 — WHE890FBDE7C5

Warburgia ugandensis, a medicinal tree native to East Africa, faces declining populations due to unsustainable harvesting and habitat degradation. A study across northern Tanzania's mountainous regions revealed that its population density varies significantly with land use and elevation, with forest reserves and higher elevations (2001–2500 m a.s.l) supporting the highest densities. Environmental factors such as temperature, soil organic carbon, pH, and nitrogen were found to be critical determinants of its distribution. Spatial mapping identified population hotspots around Mt. Kitumbeine and Mt. Kilimanjaro, emphasizing these areas as priorities for conservation. The findings underscore the need for targeted management strategies that consider both environmental parameters and land-use types.

Population size, habitat preference, and feeding ecology of the common bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus decula) in Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia

Simien National Park — 2025 — WHE51A78A8EDD

A stable population of common bushbucks (Tragelaphus scriptus decula) was observed in Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia, with no significant seasonal variation between wet and dry seasons. The study, conducted from August 2018 to March 2019, documented a total of 99 and 102 individuals during the wet and dry seasons, respectively, with adults constituting 64.5% of the population. Feeding ecology analysis revealed a preference for 37 plant species, predominantly herbs (62%), followed by shrubs (16.2%) and trees (13.5%). Cyanotis barbata and Alchmila pedata were the most consumed species, while Gladiolus abyssinicus and Pterocephalus frutescens were least preferred. The study also found a significant difference in plant part consumption between seasons, with young leaves and shoots being the primary diet. Recommendations include long-term habitat and population monitoring to inform broader ecosystem management and biodiversity protection.

Population trends of jaguars in a tropical forest in southern Mexico

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2025 — WHE47490C8730

Research reveals that jaguar population density in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve (CBR), southern Mexico, stands at 1.03 individuals per 100 km², with males (0.59) and females (0.44) showing distinct detection patterns likely due to trail usage. The study used sex-structured open capture–recapture models to analyze spatiotemporal trends, finding that jaguar activity centers remain stable despite temporal variations. Key findings include a negative correlation between road proximity and detection rates, net primary productivity influencing movement, and border distance affecting population density. Jaguars exhibit low circadian overlap, slightly higher during the rainy season, indicating spatial segregation. The CBR's continuous habitat is critical in mitigating edge effects, underscoring its importance for jaguar conservation.

Possibilities and Challenges of Utilizing World Heritage Site Himeji Castle from the Perspective of Unique Venues

Himeji-jo — 2025 — WHE918D4DED96

A new approach to utilizing UNESCO World Heritage Sites, such as Himeji Castle (Himeji-jo), has been identified through the 'UV HIMEJI Plan,' which balances preservation with innovative use. The study found that current utilization methods preserve the site's cultural value while providing unique venue experiences. However, risks include potential degradation of heritage significance and loss of uniqueness if usage increases significantly. Future considerations must focus on carefully selecting content to mitigate these risks.

Post-1979 Montenegro Earthquake Retrofitting of Rector's Palace in Dubrovnik’s Old City: Preserving Architectural and Sculptural Heritage

Old City of Dubrovnik — 2025 — WHE6B1655A309

Retrofitting efforts for the Rector’s Palace in Dubrovnik’s Old City, a 13th-century UNESCO World Heritage Site, have demonstrated effective preservation of its architectural and sculptural heritage against modern earthquake design-level shaking. The study highlights that two retrofitting phases—1982-1984 and 2015-2018—significantly mitigated seismic risk while maintaining the building's structural integrity, particularly in vulnerable areas like the atrium and arcades. This research builds on lessons from past earthquakes, including the 1979 Montenegro earthquake (ML7.2), which prompted the development of seismic regulations in Croatia. The findings offer practical recommendations for balancing heritage conservation with cost-effective earthquake protection, ensuring sustainable preservation without irretrievable damage.

Post-COVID-19 Review: Challenges and Determinants of E-Learning Adoption with a Focus on Heritage-Based Curriculum in Victoria Falls Cluster, Hwange District Secondary Schools, Zimbabwe

Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls — 2025 — WHECF38DBEDCD

A post-COVID-19 analysis of e-learning adoption in Victoria Falls Cluster schools in Zimbabwe reveals significant barriers hindering effective implementation, including inadequate teacher training, lack of resources, and negative attitudes from both teachers and students. The study, involving 85 respondents (5 head teachers, 65 teachers, and 201 students), highlights the need for a multi-stakeholder approach to address these challenges through in-service training, increased resource provision, and curriculum adjustments. Aligning with Education 5.0 principles, the research advocates for integrating indigenous knowledge and technology to foster self-reliance in education. This study provides critical insights into e-learning dynamics in resource-constrained settings, offering a foundation for future educational resilience.

Postcolonial Marrakesh

Medina of Marrakesh — 2025 — WHE944A05D9CF

Marrakesh's medina is perceived differently by government officials and local residents. Officials use it as a tool to shape national identity, either embracing or contrasting colonial legacies, while locals view it as an integral part of their daily lives—a place for residence, work, and leisure. Assia Lamzah's study reveals this dual perception, highlighting the medina's role in postcolonial Morocco beyond its heritage significance.

Postcolonial Provenance Research, Transcultural Cooperation, and Restitution Practices: Lessons Learnt from the Humboldt Forum

Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin — 2025 — WHEF78A4B0C13

Postcolonial provenance research and restitution practices, as demonstrated by the Humboldt Forum on Museum Island in Berlin, reveal that restitution is not the conclusion but the initiation of a transformative process. This approach, involving transcultural cooperation with Indigenous communities and institutions from the Global South, fosters trust, participation, and mutual learning. The study highlights successful strategies for addressing colonial-era looted artworks through collaborative efforts, setting a precedent for redefining museum relations with non-European cultures. Key lessons emphasize the importance of ongoing dialogue and shared ownership in cultural heritage, offering a model for future restitution practices that bridge historical injustices and pave the way for equitable partnerships.

Postmodern Expression of Gaudí's Architecture and Its Inspiration to Contemporary Design

Works of Antoni Gaudí — 2025 — WHE1BE0ACC41F

Antoni Gaudí's architecture, celebrated for its imaginative and eclectic style, blends Art Nouveau, Moorish, naturalistic, Gothic, and Baroque elements into a unique postmodern expression. This study analyzes the evolution of Gaudí’s creative stages to highlight his distinctive design language, which continues to inspire contemporary designers. By categorizing his works, the research offers fresh perspectives on innovative design, bridging historical architectural styles with modern aesthetic and functional approaches.

Potential predation of a mud turtle by a jaguar (Panthera onca): evidence from camera traps in the Mexican Maya Forest

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2025 — WHE5933F65CD2

A rare instance of potential predation of a mud turtle by a jaguar (Panthera onca) was captured using camera traps within the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. This observation contributes to the limited documentation of reptile consumption in jaguars' diets, particularly in Mexico. The study employed 4,705 trap-nights over two years to monitor vertebrate communities in the Maya Forest, revealing a subadult jaguar holding an unidentified mud turtle (Kinosternon sp.) in its jaws in November 2023. This finding underscores the dietary flexibility of jaguars and highlights the utility of camera traps in studying predator-prey interactions in tropical ecosystems.