Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump


World Heritage Identification Number: 158

World Heritage since: 1981

Category: Cultural Heritage

Transboundary Heritage: No

Endangered Heritage: No

Country: 🇨🇦 Canada

Continent: Americas

UNESCO World Region: Europe and North America

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Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump: A Testament to Ancient Hunting Practices and Blackfoot Culture

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, located 18 kilometers west of Fort Macleod in Alberta, Canada, stands as a testament to the ancient hunting practices of the Blackfoot people and their deep connection with the land. This significant archaeological site, inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981, offers a unique glimpse into the lives of the Plains Indians who inhabited the region for millennia.

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UNESCO Description of the World Heritage Site

In south-west Alberta, the remains of marked trails and an aboriginal camp, and a tumulus where vast quantities of buffalo (American Bison) skeletons can still be found, are evidence of a custom practised by aboriginal peoples of the North American plains for nearly 6,000 years. Using their excellent knowledge of the topography and of buffalo behaviour, they killed their prey by chasing them over a precipice; the carcasses were later carved up in the camp below.

Encyclopedia Record: Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump is a museum of Blackfoot culture 18 km (11 mi) west of Fort Macleod, Alberta, Canada. The now disused buffalo jump is a UNESCO world heritage site in an area where the foothills of the Rocky Mountains begin to rise from the prairie.

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Additional Site Details

Area: 3,626 hectares

UNESCO Criteria: (vi) — Directly associated with events or living traditions

Coordinates: 49.7084055556 , -113.6520527778

Image

Image of Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump

Ken Thomas, Public domain

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Nearby World Heritage Sites

Waterton Glacier International Peace Park
81 km — Canada, United States of America
Writing-on-Stone / Áísínai’pi
162 km — Canada
Dinosaur Provincial Park
194 km — Canada
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks
276 km — Canada
Yellowstone National Park
621 km — United States of America

Country Information: Canada

Flag of Canada

Official Name: Canada

Capital: Ottawa

Continent: Americas

Population (2024): 41,288,599

Population (2023): 40,083,484

Population (2022): 38,935,934

Land Area: 8,788,700 sq km

Currency: Canadian dollar (CAD)

Country Data Sources

Last updated: January 18, 2026

Portions of the page Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump are based on data from UNESCO — World Heritage List Dataset and on text from the Wikipedia article Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes made. Additional original content by World Heritage Explorer (WHE), licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. WHE is not affiliated with UNESCO or the World Heritage Committee. Legal Notice. Privacy Policy.

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