Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments
—
2022 —
WHEC0010B367D
A discourse analysis of the conflict surrounding the preservation of Saint Petersburg's Historic Centre reveals multiple antagonistic discourses shaping urban heritage debates. Ten key interest groups, including UNESCO, local governments, businesses, and conservationists, dynamically re-form their identities through discursive processes. The study identifies new forms of antagonism, such as affective regimes, spatial visualization, and media representation, which influence heritage preservation efforts. Visual and graphical representations reconstruct the discourse of city defenders from media and social networks, highlighting how competing narratives shape urban development and heritage conservation.
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada
—
2022 —
WHED2848F3871
Spain's strategic use of cultural diplomacy post-Franco dictatorship facilitated its ratification of the 1972 World Heritage Convention in 1984, marking a pivotal moment in global heritage preservation. This retrospective analysis highlights how Spain navigated international cooperation to overcome diplomatic isolation, leveraging instruments like the 1985 Spanish Historical Heritage Law and a rigorous nomination process. The study identifies the first five sites inscribed on the World Heritage List—including the Alhambra of Granada and Generalife—as foundational in establishing Spain's cultural legacy, alongside other iconic landmarks such as Altamira Cave and Antoni Gaudí's works. This approach set a precedent for subsequent nominations, demonstrating how legal frameworks and diplomatic efforts can synchronize national heritage protection with international recognition.
Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun
—
2022 —
WHE099D3A183F
Research reveals that tourists' perceptions of rural tourism supply significantly influence their experience memories, mediated by positive emotions. A study of 556 participants in Xidi Village, China, found that favorable views of tourism offerings trigger emotional responses, which in turn shape lasting memories. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing tourism supply to enhance visitor experiences and encourage positive word-of-mouth effects. The study used questionnaire surveys and statistical analyses to uncover this mechanism, providing actionable insights for sustainable rural tourism development.
Wet Tropics of Queensland
—
2022 —
WHE4D4AA5225C
Six out of seven endemic plants from the mountaintop areas of Mount Lewis National Park in Australia's Wet Tropics demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, with five also inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. The study highlights the potential of these tropical plants as sources for biodiscovery of lead compounds. Researchers assessed hydroethanolic extracts using DPPH-free radical scavenging assays and FRAP-based dose-response curves, finding a strong correlation between antioxidant power and total phenolic content. Additionally, five species showed inhibitory effects on TNF and IL-23 secretion in LPS-stimulated human PBMCs, underscoring their therapeutic promise.
Plantin-Moretus House-Workshops-Museum Complex
—
2022 —
WHEF51C16DFDD
A groundbreaking study reveals that Anton van den Wyngaerde's Panorama of Walcheren, housed in the Plantin-Moretus Museum in Antwerp, is not a single work but rather the result of at least three distinct projects spanning from 1547 to 1570. This extensive panorama, unique for its length and geographic coverage, was initially created through field sketches made between 1547 and 1552. Upon arriving in Spain in 1562, Van den Wyngaerde compiled these sketches into a draft, which formed the first third of the current Panorama. A more finished, colored drawing from this draft served as the basis for a second project, likely influencing the El Pardo painting created around 1564. The final project, undertaken between 1567 and 1570, copied at least part of the painting, with remnants from these projects combined to form the extant Panorama.
Works of Antoni Gaudí
—
2022 —
WHE126CA0F13E
Antoni Gaudí's works, life, and teachings exemplify human flourishing, demonstrating how his architectural achievements positively impact millions worldwide. The study explores two key aspects: Gaudí's personal path to flourishing and the ways his artworks contribute to the well-being of others. Through qualitative analysis of Gaudí's life, teachings, and three iconic works—La Sagrada Família, Casa Batlló, and Park Güell—the research illustrates practical pathways for human flourishing. This approach combines historical analysis with architectural interpretation, offering a unique lens on how art can foster social and individual perfection.
Routes of Santiago de Compostela: Camino Francés and Routes of Northern Spain
—
2022 —
WHE2554FABDD0
The Camino de Santiago Francés, particularly through Palencia, has emerged as a vital resource for local economic development since the 2008 financial crisis and the 2010 Holy Year. While it generates wealth through pilgrim spending, its impact is insufficient to reverse population decline or combat aging demographics. The study, using primary and secondary data, fieldwork, and thematic cartographic representation, highlights the route's economic contributions but also underscores post-pandemic uncertainties, including the 2021/2022 Holy Year, which may negatively affect tourism infrastructure.
The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera
—
2022 —
WHEC4AE4F769B
A novel biocide treatment using alginate–oxidizing hydrogels successfully removed biological colonization from the historic buildings of Matera, Italy, while preserving the original chromaticity of the surfaces. This approach, tested on two UNESCO World Heritage Site churches—San Pietro Barisano and Madonna dei Derelitti—demonstrated long-term efficacy, with no recolonization observed even after two years. The treatment minimized environmental impact by avoiding excessive biocide use and was followed by protective acrylic coatings to further prevent biological regrowth. Colorimetric and microscopic analyses confirmed the restoration of original surface characteristics without material grain loss.
Mount Wuyi
—
2022 —
WHE5536EC8B5A
Consumer-level UAV photogrammetry emerges as a transformative tool for surveying cliff-burial culture relics, offering significant improvements in accuracy, range, and flight control compared to conventional methods. This study demonstrates its potential for digital surveys of challenging sites like those on Mount Wuyi, where traditional techniques are impractical due to steep slopes and escarpments overlooking rivers. The approach not only advances the documentation of cliff-burial heritage but also establishes a scalable method applicable to other excavated funeral sites globally, bridging research gaps in Far East Asia and Europe.
Rideau Canal
—
2022 —
WHEBAA228187B
A comprehensive metabolomic analysis of cyanobacteria harmful algae blooms (cHABs) in Ontario and Quebec lakes revealed the presence of 117 unique cyanopeptides, with anabaenopeptins (APs) and cyanopeptolins (CPs) displaying significant diversity and concentrations comparable to microcystins (MCs). This study highlights the ubiquity and potential ecological risk of these less-studied cyanopeptides, recommending their prioritization in future toxicological research. Additionally, the findings suggest that MCs in lake sediment archives can serve as stable proxies for historical cHAB occurrences, providing insights into past lake conditions influenced by climate warming and anthropogenic nutrient enrichment.
Al-Ahsa Oasis, an Evolving Cultural Landscape
—
2022 —
WHED493E69AD5
Modern geophysical techniques, including electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity tomography, reveal significant variations in soil salinity and texture at Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia. These findings highlight the impact of factors such as soil type, moisture content, and sabkha on agricultural productivity, offering critical insights for sustainable farming practices. The study utilized ten 2-D electrical tomography profiles and twenty electromagnetic conductivity measurements across 12,000 hectares of cultivated land, identifying distinct geoelectric units that reflect diverse hydrogeological conditions. This research provides actionable data for farmers, development sectors, and research institutions to address groundwater depletion and soil salinity issues, ensuring the long-term sustainability of this historic oasis.
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada
—
2022 —
WHE926ED00321
A bioarchaeological analysis of a late Roman and early medieval necropolis in Granada's Albayzín reveals significant insights into the health and disease patterns of its inhabitants, contributing to our understanding of life during this transitional period. The study, conducted on remains from the street Panaderos (n. 21-23), combines archaeological and physical anthropology techniques to assess skeletal indicators of stress, diet, and pathological conditions. Findings suggest a population facing challenges such as nutritional deficiencies, infectious diseases, and physical strain, providing a rare window into the biocultural dynamics of late antiquity in southern Iberia.
Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks
—
2022 —
WHE73FA7B9756
A new species of fossil wood, <em>Agathoxylon argentinum</em>, has been identified from the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation in Argentina. This discovery, preserved as silica permineralization, reveals unique anatomical features distinct from other Mesozoic Gondwanan species, linking it to the conifer family Araucariaceae. The study also documents fungal-mediated wood decay and spherical structures interpreted as holocarpic chytrid fungi, providing insights into paleoecological processes. Analysis of growth rings suggests that <em>A. argentinum</em> was an evergreen gymnosperm, thriving in humid conditions. Additionally, the research highlights a significant floristic change in the Ischigualasto Formation, marked by the decline of corystosperm genera and increased humidity, offering new paleoclimatic implications for this UNESCO-listed site.
Taxila
—
2022 —
WHE05C68725ED
Taxila, Pakistan's most renowned UNESCO World Heritage Site, faces significant challenges due to tourism-related damage. This study identifies critical issues in heritage management and proposes effective strategies to mitigate these impacts. By analyzing current practices and designing regulatory frameworks, the research offers actionable guidelines for the Department of Heritage and Tourism to preserve Taxila's cultural legacy while sustaining visitor engagement. The findings emphasize the need for proactive measures to prevent irreparable harm, ensuring the site's long-term conservation.
Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
—
2022 —
WHE47D69D2480
Excavations at the Selimiye Mosque complex in Doboj, Bosnia, revealed significant insights into Ottoman period living conditions and social hierarchy. Analysis of archaeological and bioarchaeological finds from 1994 uncovered a child burial within the mosque's harem, suggesting the individual belonged to an upper-class Muslim family. The assemblage, dating from the 16th to 19th century, included pottery, clay tobacco pipes, metal objects, costume parts, and glass fragments. Animal remains were likely associated with ritual food consumption during Eid al-Adha feasts. This interdisciplinary study provides a rare glimpse into the material culture and social dynamics of Ottoman Bosnia.
Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
—
2022 —
WHEBC9F0B6611
A new analysis of fox remains from the Swabian Jura reveals distinct dietary niches among Middle Paleolithic foxes, with high δ15N values indicating a commensal relationship with large predators—likely wolves—in the Lone Valley, while low δ15N values suggest rodent hunting in both the Lone and Ach valleys. This differentiation suggests seasonal resource partitioning, as Neanderthal occupation of caves was sparse and likely limited to winter and spring. Despite the low population density of Neanderthals and minimal evidence of fox exploitation (only one cut-marked bone), foxes were opportunistic predators, aligning with their typical dietary behavior. The study contrasts prey preferences between valleys—horses in the Lone Valley and reindeer in the Ach Valley—while highlighting the limited use of small game by Neanderthals during this period.
Bisotun
—
2022 —
WHE64FDA92950
A comprehensive archaeological survey in the Central Zagros, Iran, has uncovered 21 previously unknown Paleolithic to Epipaleolithic sites, significantly expanding our understanding of human occupation in the region during the late Pleistocene. This study challenges the previous focus on Mount Bisotun by systematically exploring intermountain valleys and foothills near Harsin, revealing a more dispersed pattern of early human settlement. The research employed intensive surveys to identify and document these sites, providing critical insights into prehistoric human activity in one of the most significant archaeological regions of the Zagros Mountains.
Historic Centre of Siena
—
2022 —
WHE44335A7E87
A preliminary archaeoseismological study of Siena's historic center, particularly the Terzo di Città, reveals critical insights into the seismic impacts on architecture and post-earthquake restoration techniques. Conducted as part of the EU-funded PROTECT project under Horizon 2020, this research introduces a theoretical framework for a specialized database designed to address precise chrono-typological queries. The study, initiated in December 2021, aims to deepen seismic prevention knowledge by analyzing historical earthquake contexts and their architectural consequences. This approach not only enhances understanding of past seismic events but also provides a foundation for future preservation strategies.
The Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities
—
2022 —
WHEBBDAA5BF20
A significant shift in archaeological collaboration at Ur, Iraq, marks the beginning of a new era in Mesopotamian research. Following decades of isolation due to conflict and embargoes, international teams are now working closely with local archaeologists, breaking down historical barriers. The 2017 excavations at Ur revealed not only the physical remnants of ancient civilizations but also the potential for sustainable, collaborative research models that could redefine archaeological practice in the region. This study highlights the challenges and opportunities in rebuilding these partnerships, offering a blueprint for future international collaborations that prioritize mutual learning and exchange.
Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape
—
2022 —
WHE44B4365E82
Archaeological excavations at Pergamon have demonstrated that sustained engagement with local communities can significantly enhance awareness and protection of cultural heritage. Since its inscription on UNESCO's World Heritage List in 2014, Bergama has seen increased attention to heritage preservation, but sustainable protection requires active community involvement. A capacity-building project implemented by the Pergamon Excavation between 2019-2021 successfully intensified local engagement through targeted initiatives, fostering a deeper understanding of heritage values and conservation practices. The project's outcomes highlight the potential for archaeological work to bridge scientific objectives with local needs, providing a model for other World Heritage Sites seeking to integrate community-based approaches in heritage management.
Jodensavanne Archaeological Site: Jodensavanne Settlement and Cassipora Creek Cemetery
—
2022 —
WHED12D2F1793
Hidden within Suriname's jungle, the Jodensavanne Archaeological Site reveals the remnants of a 17th-century Sephardic Jewish settlement that thrived under Dutch colonial rule. This study uncovers how Jewish colonists, many descendants of Spanish and Portuguese conversos, strategically embraced notions of whiteness to secure their legal standing in colonial society while contributing significantly to European imperial expansion. Through historical, archaeological, and remote sensing data analysis from Cassipora Creek and Jodensavanne, the research sheds light on the complex interplay between Jewish communal identity, citizenship, and racial ideologies during the early modern period. It also highlights the experiences of black and mixed-race Jews within a plantation society, offering a nuanced perspective on their roles in shaping colonial dynamics.
Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan
—
2022 —
WHE52FBF08D68
Recent archaeological discoveries in Mexico City, including the remains of a room where Spanish explorers first encountered the Aztec capital and fragments of pre-Hispanic stone bas-reliefs, alongside the Great Tzompantli (a traditional skull construction), challenge and refine long-held understandings of Aztec society. The study employs advanced techniques such as electroresistive tomography and geophysics alongside traditional methods to investigate ritual spaces like the Great Cuaushikalco and salt mining sites from both Preclassic and post-classical periods. Ongoing excavations in Teotihuacan, including an artificial tunnel within the Moon Pyramid, further illuminate the region's complex history. While preliminary, these findings confirm established features of Aztec culture without diminishing their global significance.
El Tajin, Pre-Hispanic City
—
2022 —
WHEA548AE8ECB
State-run archaeology at El Tajín provided Indigenous Totonac workers with unprecedented opportunities for income and social mobility during the 20th century, despite broader trends of dispossession. Analysis of governmental payroll records from 1934 to 1974 reveals that wage labor in archaeology offered regular cash income and skill development, countering the decline of traditional agriculture. However, access to these opportunities was uneven, dependent on intermediaries and kinship networks, which reinforced socioeconomic stratification. The study underscores the dual role of state archaeology—both as an economic lifeline for rural communities and a reflection of broader regional dynamics.
Historic Walled Town of Cuenca
—
2022 —
WHE34FFAFC758
A decade of heritage management in Huete, Spain, demonstrates that architectural and cultural preservation can drive significant social change in rural areas. The study found that targeted restoration efforts and community engagement not only revitalized historic buildings but also fostered local empowerment, innovation, and economic growth through tourism. Researchers used Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis (PIPA) and Positive Social Change (PSC) frameworks to assess the impact of the Fundación Huete Futuro's initiatives between 2009 and 2019. The results revealed that integrating social participation into heritage planning shifted local perceptions, turning cultural assets into tools for development while promoting sustainable rural growth.
Hill Forts of Rajasthan
—
2022 —
WHE4E03A49637
A significant increase in fortified structures, including forts and temples, occurred between the late sixth to the late sixteenth century A.D. in the Sirohi district of Rajasthan, India, primarily as a response to high seismic activity rather than invader threats. Research indicates that natural catastrophes, such as earthquakes and floods, were more devastating than human conflicts, leading to the decline of trade and the destruction of large structures, including temples found in riverbeds. The study utilized primary and secondary sources, including indigenous folklore, literature, chronicle texts, and bard traditions, to document seismic events. Notably, architectural adaptations such as raised basements (Adhisthana) with brickwork and stone platforms (Jagati) were observed in temples like those in Chandrawati, designed to absorb earthquake waves. These findings highlight the resilience and ingenuity of ancient civilizations in mitigating seismic risks through innovative defensive structures.
Ancient City of Aleppo
—
2022 —
WHEB10947977B
Aleppo, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, exhibits diverse architectural features shaped by its strategic role as a crossroads between East and West. The city's residential areas reflect this historical synthesis, blending multiple architectural styles that evolved over millennia due to its significance in trade, politics, religion, and culture. This study highlights how Aleppo's urban fabric encapsulates layers of civilization, serving as both a cultural meeting point and a key hub for trade exchanges between the eastern and western worlds.
Mudejar Architecture of Aragon
—
2022 —
WHE74B9308E8F
Researchers have developed an integrated Information System for the Mudejar Architectural Heritage of Aragón, addressing the challenge of managing and storing large volumes of graphic documentation while ensuring interoperability. This system leverages the Arches platform—a free, open-source inventory tool—and a WebGIS to consolidate over 200 unique heritage assets with geo-referenced data and geometric information. The approach combines collaborative documentation methods with standardized data storage to enhance accessibility and analysis throughout the building's lifecycle. While the study focuses on cataloging this distinctive architectural style, its methodology offers scalable solutions for broader heritage inventory applications.
The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement
—
2022 —
WHE2B477A7402
Le Corbusier's architectural work in Paris was significantly shaped by professional constraints and evolving conditions, leading to distinctive residential designs that reflect both his innovative vision and the practical challenges of their time. This study reveals how these limitations—ranging from investor relations to urban planning regulations—influenced the final form of his buildings, such as the Unité d'Habitation. Through on-site analysis, archival research, and interviews with users, the authors document the transformations these structures underwent over the 20th century, highlighting their enduring impact on modern housing architecture.
Historic Centre of Riga
—
2022 —
WHE8CDE2831DC
Architecture serves as a powerful social symbol, embodying cultural, traditional, historical, and civilizational values beyond its structural function. This study compares three iconic buildings—the Sydney Opera House, the Riga National Library, and the Elbe Philharmonic Hall—to highlight their roles in fostering identity, integration, and international openness. The Sydney Opera House stands as a global platform for renowned architects, artists, and performers, while the Elbe Philharmonic Hall is celebrated as one of the world's top concert venues, particularly for jazz and pop music. The Riga National Library, meanwhile, promotes education and research by freely disseminating cultural heritage. The study underscores the importance of conserving such structures to preserve collective identity and heritage, emphasizing their societal impact.
Archaeological Sites of Mycenae and Tiryns
—
2022 —
WHE7DFDC8ED0C
Recent archaeological excavations at Mycenae, Tiryns, and Midea reveal significant architectural changes during the late Bronze Age. At Tiryns, a new assembly hall replaced the grand palatial megaron on the upper citadel, featuring two rooms separated by columns and lacking a central hearth, while the great court saw the introduction of a platform instead of the previous circular altar. Similarly, Midea's new structure also incorporated a central row of columns, indicating a shift in architectural design away from earlier palatial forms. These findings suggest a continued occupation and adaptation of citadels during this period, with fortifications being repaired and repurposed for community use.
Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
—
2022 —
WHEFC54E893D7
Beijing stands as one of China's six great ancient capitals, with its architectural heritage spanning over a millennium. The city's evolution from the Liao dynasty (907–1125) to modern times reflects significant shifts in political power and cultural identity, particularly during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Key architectural landmarks, such as the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square, exemplify its late imperial to modern period significance. This study synthesizes historical records, including local gazetteers, to trace Beijing's urban development and architectural evolution, providing insights into its cultural and political transformations. The research leverages dispersed literary sources on Chinese architecture, focusing on specific dynasties, periods, or typologies, while also examining significant buildings and complexes that define the city's identity.
Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
—
2022 —
WHE4F3A8D2FC1
Very large sunken warships can serve as significant biodiversity havens for corals, supporting a broad genetic diversity comparable to that found on neighboring natural reefs. A study conducted at Bikini Atoll and Chuuk Lagoon surveyed 29 sunken warships, identifying 34 coral genera at Bikini (67% of local natural reef diversity) and 51 at Chuuk (72%). Ship length emerged as a key predictor of coral abundance and richness, while water depth did not show a significant correlation. These findings suggest that large artificial reefs, such as sunken ships, could play a crucial role in protecting coral biodiversity from the impacts of warming surface waters, potentially aiding in the geographic migration of corals to more habitable conditions.
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica
—
2022 —
WHE9939CB9082
Depictions of armed human figures and weapons in Val Camonica rock art serve as an evocative ritual language, commemorating mythical forefathers, ancestral heroes, and departed warriors. These engravings, found across megalithic sanctuaries and Alpine spiritual centers from the Copper Age to the Iron Age, represent a dynamic visual tradition that not only memorialized significant figures but also invoked their presence during times of need. The study highlights the cultural and chronological importance of these depictions, which vary in stylistic and iconographic arrangements, providing insights into the ritual practices and societal structures of prehistoric communities.
Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba
—
2022 —
WHE6E17D21620
Preliminary analysis of rock art at the Alero Estancia Guayascate site, part of the Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba UNESCO World Heritage Site, reveals insights into the intersection of Indigenous and colonial identities during the 16th century. The study suggests that the rock art, traditionally a marker of shared identity among local groups in northern Córdoba, lost its original significance under colonial rule due to disruptions caused by the introduction of new populations through land grants (encomiendas). Archaeological evidence indicates that the site's use declined as Spanish authorities and introduced populations altered daily life, leading to a cessation of rock art production. The research combines ethnohistorical and archaeological methods to contextualize the site within broader colonial dynamics.
Vilnius Historic Centre
—
2022 —
WHEE73F69295E
A study on Vilnius, Lithuania, reveals that sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) are the primary pollutants affecting air quality in the city's Old Town. Using a 2-layer artificial neural network, researchers achieved high accuracy in predicting and warning about air pollution, identifying SO2 as the most significant pollutant with a normalized importance of 100%, followed by CO at 59%. The study utilized a multilayer perceptron network (MLPN1) with a hyperbolic tangent activation function to analyze data from post-loop traffic implementation in 2020. This approach provides reliable data for air pollution management, addressing the challenges posed by urban expansion and increased industrial and vehicular activity.
Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus
—
2022 —
WHE8EEFB0C24B
Medical students perceive the ancient Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus as a powerful and essential historical legacy that could enrich their medical education. A study involving 105 senior-year Athens Medical School students found that participants, after a multimedia lecture on the Asclepion's structure and role, expressed positive attitudes toward its significance, demonstrating interest and excitement about this unfamiliar but valuable knowledge. The research used semantic differential analysis of responses to a questionnaire with opposite adjective pairs to evaluate student perceptions. The findings suggest that integrating historical perspectives like those from Epidaurus could enhance medical ethos and education by grounding modern practices in ancient healing traditions.
Asmara: A Modernist African City
—
2022 —
WHE8FFD9F5F9D
Asmara's modernist architecture, recognized by UNESCO for its 'outstanding value to humanity,' represents a unique blend of Eritrean and Italian influences. The study challenges UNESCO's rejection of Criterion 3 for Asmara, arguing that indigenous labor and cultural traditions played a pivotal role in shaping the city's modernist identity. Focusing on St. Mary's Orthodox Cathedral, the research demonstrates how bricolage—layering diverse architectural elements—created a distinct modernist language, distinct from European modernism but deeply rooted in African contexts. This finding underscores Asmara's significance as Africa's sole explicitly modernist UNESCO World Heritage Site, offering new insights into the cultural and historical intersections that define its heritage.
Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island
—
2022 —
WHE11EA242AAC
A female-biased sex ratio and bimodal carapace length distribution suggest that the fluvial prawn Macrobrachium shokitai on Iriomote Island, Japan, exhibits prolonged lifespan (>1 year) with distinct juvenile and adult cohorts. Recruitment occurs from August to December, while ovigerous females peak in abundance between June and August, aligning with breeding patterns typical of subtropical East Asian Macrobrachium species. Monthly sampling at seven stations along a 4.0-km river revealed stable populations above waterfalls (>270 m elevation), highlighting critical habitat preferences for this regional and vulnerable species.
China Danxia
—
2022 —
WHECD6032783D
Researchers have identified a new tetraploid fern species, <em>Asplenium danxiaense</em>, within the <em>A. coenobiale</em> complex from the Danxia landform in Guangdong, China. This discovery was supported by detailed morphological and molecular analyses, including sequencing of five chloroplast markers and one nuclear marker. The new species is distinguished by its narrowly triangular to lanceolate scales, fertile segments that are scarce, and spores exceeding 50 µm in length. It also exhibits significant molecular differences from other species in the complex. The study combines cytological and phylogenetic data to confirm this novel taxonomic entity, contributing to our understanding of fern diversity in the region.
Putorana Plateau
—
2022 —
WHE212A4B61CF
A comprehensive study of microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) on the Putorana Plateau, a remote subarctic region, reveals a high species richness with significant biogeographical distinctions from other Arctic regions. The research identified 36 Cladocera and 24 Copepoda species, including four newly discovered taxa, highlighting the plateau's unique faunal composition influenced by Pleistocene glacial refugia and Middle Siberia's climatic features. Environmental factors such as water body size, type of water supply, and macrophyte composition were found to significantly regulate assemblage structures, with planktonic crustaceans more affected by these variables than meiobenthic ones. This study underscores the importance of the Putorana Plateau as a glacial relict hotspot and provides critical data for monitoring anthropogenic impacts and climate change in subarctic ecosystems.
Monumental Earthworks of Poverty Point
—
2022 —
WHEB63BFA157C
A groundbreaking analysis of lithic artifacts from the UNESCO World Heritage Site Poverty Point reveals that tool stones originated from diverse geologic sources across a vast geographic area. This study marks the first systematic application of hyperspectral reflectance spectroscopy to cryptocrystalline silicate artifacts, such as chert and flint, at this site. The findings challenge traditional assumptions about prehistoric exchange patterns by demonstrating the accuracy of non-destructive spectroscopic techniques over macroscopic visual identification. By examining 845 bifaces using visible/near-infrared reflectance and Fourier transform reflectance spectroscopy, researchers provide compelling evidence for extensive human mobility and differential access to raw materials during the site's occupation.
Salonga National Park
—
2022 —
WHE059EF3D599
Survey-inherent disturbance significantly underestimates primate density, with recovery times varying by species. This study found that cutting transects during surveys led to reduced observations of both primate groups and individuals, affecting five species in Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Piliocolobus tholloni and Colobus angolenis resumed normal behavior within 24 hours, while Lophocebus aterrimus, Cercopithecus ascanius, and Cercopithecus wolfi required at least 10 days. The research used line transect distance sampling over 378 km of transects, highlighting the need to account for survey disturbance in future density estimates. Recommendations include evaluating habitat type, niche occupation, and hunting pressure to minimize bias.
Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas
—
2022 —
WHE2413AB6182
Northern habitats of the Yunnan snub-nosed monkey in China's Three Parallel Rivers Protected Areas maintain higher quality than southern counterparts, correlating with lower village development pressure. Using the INVEST Habitat-Quality model combined with GIS spatial analysis and principal component analysis, researchers identified these northern zones as critical for conservation prioritization while warning that southern habitats risk irreversible degradation if current development trends persist. The study uniquely focused on the smallest administrative scale—the village—to provide actionable insights for balancing ecological protection and economic development, recommending long-term restoration strategies and corridor improvements to mitigate human disturbance.
Archaeological Site of Delphi
—
2022 —
WHEC113ED7CE0
Climate change poses significant risks to cultural heritage, particularly for UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The CLIMASCAPE project introduces a multi-criteria system to evaluate the vulnerability of archaeological areas to climate impacts such as heatwaves, floods, droughts, fires, and sea level rise. By analyzing eight Greek sites—including Delphi—using climate model projections, the study highlights the need for tailored adaptation plans based on site-specific characteristics and projected climate risks. Preliminary findings underscore that differentiated strategies are essential to mitigate these threats effectively, ensuring the sustainability of both cultural heritage and tourism.
Vatnajökull National Park - Dynamic Nature of Fire and Ice
—
2022 —
WHEE8E203757A
A groundbreaking study demonstrates the potential of UAV-based laser scanning (UAV-LS) as a powerful tool for monitoring glacial processes with unprecedented spatial and temporal precision. Conducted at Vatnajökull National Park in southeast Iceland, the research successfully mapped surface elevation changes with median errors under 0.1 meters, reconstructed calving front geometry, and improved estimates of ice volume loss through calving. Additionally, it enhanced detection of crevasse morphology, offering new avenues for monitoring their evolution over time. The study's innovative approach involved repeat surveys at sub-daily, daily, and weekly intervals, producing high-resolution point clouds that outperformed traditional UAV-SfM methods in glacial settings. These findings highlight the significant role UAV-LS can play in advancing our understanding of rapidly changing glacial environments and improving mass balance assessments.
Ajanta Caves
—
2022 —
WHE93EF2A6814
A comparative analysis of bacterial communities on deteriorated surfaces at two Indian heritage sites, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) and Ajanta Caves (AJC), reveals distinct microbial diversity and functional profiles. While both sites harbor common environmental bacteria like Pseudomonas and Bacillus, AJC exhibits significantly richer bacterial diversity due to its less maintained state. Metagenomic sequencing identified abundant sulfate reducers (15.4% in CSMT vs. 29.8% in AJC) and nitrate reducers (36.3% in CSMT vs. 25.1% in AJC), along with biofilm-associated genes (alg1 and pelA), suggesting biofilm-forming bacteria contribute to surface deterioration. The study proposes an integrated approach for tracking these microbes, offering a foundation for risk assessment and conservation strategies.
Cultural Landscape of Khinalig People and “Köç Yolu” Transhumance Route
—
2022 —
WHE351C404740
A comprehensive assessment of the northeastern slope of the Great Caucasus reveals significant geomorphological risks, particularly from landslides and mudflows, which pose threats to the region's inhabitants. The study, conducted between 1990 and 2020, utilized high-resolution aerospace imagery, morphometric analysis, and multi-temporal data interpretation to map the risk distribution and dynamics of these hazardous processes. Key findings indicate that excessive endo- and exogenous geomorphological activity, exacerbated by human pressure, necessitates advanced strategies for prevention, protection, and mitigation. The research proposes a new approach to assessing ecological-geomorphological risks, which can inform sustainable development plans for the region, including recreational and tourist activities.
Ngorongoro Conservation Area
—
2022 —
WHEA2349B9FF1
Groundwater quality in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), Tanzania, is projected to deteriorate significantly by 2036–2050 due to climate change. Two key anions (chloride and phosphate) and two cations (sodium and potassium) are expected to exceed permissible limits, primarily driven by increased evapotranspiration and temperature changes. Current groundwater remains suitable for drinking and domestic use, but correlations between hydrochemical shifts and climatic factors (Pearson’s r: 0.35–0.66) underscore the need for proactive water management strategies. The study used the HYDRUS-1D model to simulate surface water leaching under projected climate scenarios, providing critical data for sustainable conservation planning in this UNESCO-listed site.
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago
—
2022 —
WHEEF6F5D2C23
A calibrated ocean chlorophyll 2-band (OC-2) model, applied to Sentinel-2 satellite imagery on Google Earth Engine, reveals that phytoplankton blooms thrive in Ha Long Bay during colder seasons (fall and winter), particularly near aquaculture, urban, and tourist zones. This study demonstrates a significant improvement in model accuracy—nearly doubling precision compared to uncalibrated OC-2—highlighting its potential for seawater quality monitoring. Coal mining activities, however, did not correlate with algae growth. The findings underscore the utility of Sentinel-2 data for environmental assessments while emphasizing the need for longer-term simulations and more in situ measurements, along with manual atmospheric correction, to refine coastal studies.
Manú National Park
—
2022 —
WHED5951C0850
Jaguars (Panthera onca) in Peru's Manu National Park exhibit high density and widespread distribution, with estimates suggesting 193-241 individuals across the lowlands. A short-term study using 136 camera trap stations across 820 km² found jaguar densities of 2 to 2.5 individuals per 100 km², with no clear patterns in space use linked to environmental variables, prey availability, or competitors. Most prey species also showed high occupancy (>0.70), including ocelots (psi = 0.83) and pumas (psi = 0.25). The research suggests jaguars are abundant and resilient to spatial variations in habitat and human pressures, providing critical insights for conservation efforts in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.
