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Geological heritage assessment for sustainable development of Lenggong Valley

Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley — 2016 — WHE278ED66AD7

A quantitative methodology for assessing geosites has been developed, enabling the sustainable management and conservation of geological heritage. This approach evaluates geosites based on multiple value sets—scientific, cultural, ecological, aesthetic, and economic—and ranks them using total scores derived from quantitative analysis. The study applied this method to 13 selected geosites in the Archaeological Heritage of Lenggong Valley, demonstrating its potential for integrating diverse heritage values into conservation strategies.

Geomorphology of the Slovak Karst (Eastern Part)

Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst — 2016 — WHE3B511DDC22

Despite being considered less developed, the Slovak Karst region exhibits karst forms with smaller depression densities and sizes compared to western plateaus. This study challenges the perception of underdeveloped karst by mapping two plateaus—Jasov and Zádiel—and analyzing their geomorphological features through a 1:10,000 scale map. The research reveals that these plateaus, characterized by flat reliefs with east-facing hills and valleys, host dolines and other karst forms, albeit in less pronounced manners. Morphometric analyses further compare the Slovak Karst to other European karst areas, contributing to a deeper understanding of its unique geological evolution.

Gesamtkunstwerk, Gestaltung, and the Bauhaus Stage:

Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau — 2016 — WHE1721593117

This study redefines the concept of 'Gesamtkunstwerk' or 'total work of art' by examining its application in Bauhaus, particularly through Oskar Schlemmer's stage works. It argues that the notion of unity (Einheit) in art, rooted in Romantic thought, was reinterpreted by both Wagner and the Bauhaus as responses to their respective historical contexts—late 19th-century Bayreuth and post-World War I Weimar. The research highlights how these movements embodied a shared aesthetic impulse despite differing circumstances, offering a fresh perspective on the evolution of modernist art. Methodologically, it employs comparative analysis of Romantic aesthetics and Bauhaus practices to trace the transformation of unity in artistic expression.

GIS of thechoraof Cyrene: fortifications and Christian buildings in Late Antiquity

Archaeological Site of Cyrene — 2016 — WHEB32DDF89C5

A comprehensive GIS mapping project of the chora of Cyrene reveals significant insights into Late Antiquity, focusing on fortifications and Christian basilicas. The study, conducted by a collaborative team of Libyan and Italian researchers, employed advanced methodologies including remote sensing, laser scanning, geophysical prospection, and traditional archaeological surveys. This integrated approach identified numerous 'minor sites' that were crucial for local economic management from the Late Classical to Islamic periods. The research highlights the strategic importance of fortifications along the limes and the distribution of Christian buildings, contributing to a deeper understanding of the region's historical landscape during this transitional era.

Glaciations, gradients, and geography: multiple drivers of diversification of bush frogs in the Western Ghats Escarpment

Western Ghats — 2016 — WHE51E0A421ED

A recent study on bush frogs in the Western Ghats Escarpment reveals that more than 60 distinct lineages have diversified in situ, with deep geographical and clade-level endemism shaped by both geological processes and ecological gradients. The research highlights the biogeographic significance of the Palghat Gap, an ancient valley, which separates two deeply divergent sister clades—North and South. The study found that range stasis and allopatric speciation driven by geological processes dominate lineage isolation on adjacent massifs. Additionally, diversification events in montane zones (above 1800 m) suggest a role for climate-mediated forest-grassland persistence, while independent transitions along elevational gradients during the Miocene indicate diversification along these gradients. High elevations act as centers of lineage diversification, whereas low- and mid-elevations in southern regions serve as 'museums' for deeply divergent lineages.

Glacier changes in Glacier Bay, Alaska, during 2000–2012

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2016 — WHEEC0D37C0D9

Between 2000 and 2012, three major glaciers in Glacier Bay—Fairweather, Lituya, and Desolation—lost 1.5 to 7.7 meters in elevation while their snowlines rose by 120–289 meters, signaling accelerated retreat driven primarily by rising temperatures despite increased precipitation. In contrast, Cascade and Crillon glaciers gained ice thickness (0.65–7 meters) due to thicker debris cover, which moderated their response to climate change. The study used Landsat imagery and radar-based elevation models to quantify surface area changes (2.2–2.6% loss for Fairweather and Desolation), snow accumulation ratios, and dynamic shifts, highlighting how local conditions like debris cover can alter glacier behavior amid global warming.

Göbekli Tepe, Anlage H. Ein Vorbericht beim Ausgrabungsstand von 2014

Göbekli Tepe — 2016 — WHE07143B345A

Göbekli Tepe's Enclosure H reveals significant insights into the complex architectural and ritualistic practices of Neolithic communities. The 2014 excavation, detailed in a preliminary report, uncovered evidence suggesting that this structure was not merely a place of habitation but likely served as a ceremonial or ritual site. The research employs a combination of archaeological excavation techniques and stratigraphic analysis to document the site's layers, uncovering artifacts such as stone tools, faunal remains, and architectural features that provide clues about the social organization and symbolic significance of Göbekli Tepe during this early period. This report contributes crucial data to our understanding of the transition from hunter-gatherer societies to more settled, complex communities in the region.

Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians

Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh / Naracoorte) — 2016 — WHEA6FBAF0C95

A new analysis of the early Miocene marsupial mole, Naraboryctes philcreaseri, from Australia's Riversleigh World Heritage Area reveals that it was highly adapted for burrowing, with an Index of Fossorial Ability nearly identical to living marsupial moles. This suggests notoryctemorphians evolved their subterranean lifestyle before the Miocene, possibly transitioning from forest floor burrowing or alternative environments like caves. Phylogenetic analysis places Naraboryctes as a sister taxon to Notoryctes, diverging 30.3 million years ago (MYA), with evidence indicating its visual system was functional until at least 5.4 MYA when the gene RBP3 became inactive in the Notoryctes lineage, coinciding with the rise of open grasslands in Australia.

Golden-heaven's doors in Christian temples

Studenica Monastery — 2016 — WHE894569A4B4

A study reveals that 'Golden Gates' were a common feature in churches and monasteries founded by Serbian royalty, including Studenica Monastery. These gilded doors symbolized the transition from sin to grace and served as entrances to the heavenly Jerusalem. The research analyzes historical evidence, such as the depiction of despot Stefan's founder ensemble in Resava monastery, which shows a golden door matching his attire. By examining other significant royal foundations, the study concludes that such gates were prevalent across multiple Serbian monasteries, including Ravanica, Lesnovo, and Gracanica.

Governança turística em destinos brasileiros: comparação entre Armação dos Búzios/RJ, Paraty/RJ e Bonito/MS

Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity — 2016 — WHE4E029B4258

A comparative analysis of tourism governance in three Brazilian destinations—Armação dos Búzios, Paraty, and Bonito—reveals shared characteristics such as coordinated decision-making and structured conflict resolution mechanisms. These findings highlight the importance of collaborative governance in shaping tourism dynamics, innovation, and sustainability. The study employed qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews using a snowball sampling technique, alongside documentary analysis of official tourism documents. This approach allowed for an in-depth examination of how governance structures facilitate negotiation among stakeholders, ultimately influencing tourism development in these regions.

Grain size variability as an indicator of sediment transport alongshore the Curonian Spit (south-eastern Baltic Sea)

Curonian Spit — 2016 — WHEF96360D890

A study of sediment samples collected along the Curonian Spit (south-eastern Baltic Sea) from 2011 to 2015 reveals that grain size variability is not an effective indicator of longshore sediment transport in this transit coastal system. While the southern (Russian) and northern (Lithuanian) parts of the spit exhibit distinct medium-sized and fine sand compositions, respectively, the 'McLaren' method failed to align with wave action simulations or storm conditions preceding sampling, undermining its utility for predicting sediment movement directions. However, the study confirmed that cross-shore sediment transport occurs during calm weather, with deposits from the trough moving toward the shoreline. This research highlights the limitations of grain size analysis in dynamic coastal environments like the Curonian Spit, where sediment sources and sinks are transient.

Granitoid magmatism in the Arminskii block of Central Sikhote Alin (Primorye, Far Eastern Russia): U–Pb geochronology, 3He/4He isotopy, petrochemistry, and ore mineralization

Central Sikhote-Alin — 2016 — WHE26F3B2954B

Research reveals distinct structural and temporal patterns in granitoid magmatism within the Arminskii block of Central Sikhote Alin, linking specific rock series to unique ore mineralization types. The Tatibi gabbromonzodiorite series is associated with gold-ore occurrences, including the potential Glukhoe deposit, while the Olgino leucocratic granite series correlates with known tin-sulfide ore deposits. Using U–Pb geochronology and ³He/⁴He isotopy, the study determines the conditions for rock generation and provides precise timing for mineralization events, offering new insights into the region's geological history and resource potential.

Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site and sustainable development

Great Zimbabwe National Monument — 2016 — WHE7D0AD1357D

Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site serves as a valuable resource for sustainable development, particularly in cultural and social terms. The study reveals that the site promotes Shona traditions through community projects like the Shona Village and the Great Zimbabwe Nemanwa Craft Centre, generating revenue while fostering local culture. However, benefits such as employment creation are often temporary and unsustainable due to limited community participation. This challenges the common perception that cultural heritage is harder to sustain than natural heritage, offering a counterpoint by demonstrating its potential as an engine for sustainable development. The research employed questionnaires, personal interviews, and site visits to gather data, providing a nuanced understanding of the site's impact on local communities.

Gropius and the Teddy Bear: a tale of two factories

Fagus Factory in Alfeld — 2016 — WHEE75D06CE20

A comparative analysis reveals why the Steiff teddy bear factory, despite its architectural innovation and historical significance, remains obscure, while the Fagus Factory by Gropius and Meyer is celebrated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The study examines the contested histories of both buildings, highlighting how narratives often prioritize compelling stories over factual accuracy. It suggests that the Fagus Factory's fame stems from its association with modernist architecture and the Bauhaus movement, whereas the Steiff factory's unique design and industrial significance have been overlooked. The research also explores the parallel narrative around the teddy bear, illustrating a broader trend where history favors anecdotes over empirical facts.

Growth rate of speckled snapperLutjanus rivulatus(Teleostei: Lutjanidae) based on tag-recapture data from the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa

iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park — 2016 — WHEE617FF16F9

Speckled snapper (Lutjanus rivulatus) exhibits slow growth, with a maximum length (L∞) of 918 mm fork length and a growth coefficient (K) of 0.06, as determined by a long-term tag-recapture study in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park—Maputo National Park, South Africa. The study, conducted over multiple years, tagged 1,429 individuals, with 31.7% recaptured, allowing researchers to model growth rates using maximum-likelihood methods. Notably, the growth index (phi-prime) of 2.69 was lower than that of related species, suggesting vulnerability to exploitation due to slow growth and high site fidelity. The research also found no significant impact from deep-hooking or multiple captures on fish growth. These findings underscore the need for a precautionary approach in managing this species within the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Growth trajectories in wild geladas (Theropithecus gelada)

Simien National Park — 2016 — WHEB91AA2BA49

Gelada females in Simien National Park, Ethiopia, reach adult body size by 7.72 years, with 97.2% of their shoulder-rump growth completed by first reproduction, contrary to expectations given their graminivorous diet and high infant mortality. Unlike other polygynous primates, male geladas surpass females in size not due to faster growth but because they grow for a longer period, reaching 96% of adult size at estimated first birth. The study employed a noninvasive photogrammetric method using parallel lasers to measure shoulder-rump growth in wild populations, providing novel insights into life history patterns in primates. This approach offers a promising tool for constructing comprehensive life history perspectives that were previously inaccessible.

Ha-lem As a Pueblo Indian Pedagogical Practice

Taos Pueblo — 2016 — WHECBE5948529

Taos Pueblo's concept of ha-lem, or respect, emerges as a powerful culture-based pedagogy that fosters self-determination and sustains the cultural and ecological integrity of the community. This study reveals how ha-lem operates through interconnected social relationships, maintaining balance among individuals, communities, and environments—a critical factor for the survival of Taos Pueblo, which has thrived for over 1,000 years in the Place of the Red Willows. Through autoethnographic vignettes, the research demonstrates that practicing ha-lem mitigates harm—both natural and supernatural—when relationships are disrupted. This approach offers a model for contemporary self-determination rooted in traditional knowledge and ecological stewardship.

Haliclonadiamine Derivatives and 6-epi-Monanchorin from the Marine Sponge Halichondria panicea Collected at Iriomote Island

Amami-Oshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, Northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island — 2016 — WHE08E4560B8F

Researchers have identified four novel haliclonadiamine analogues and a new bicyclic guanidine alkaloid, 6-epi-monanchorin, from the marine sponge Halichondria panicea collected at Iriomote Island, part of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Okinawa. These compounds exhibited varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, with (10Z,12E)-haliclonadiamine and papuamine showing the most significant inhibition zones. Additionally, halichondriamines A and B demonstrated weak cytotoxicity against the Huh-7 human hepatoma cell line, though less potent than previously known analogues. The study employed spectroscopic analysis to elucidate the structures of these compounds, contributing new insights into marine-derived natural products with potential biomedical applications.

Hamlet's ghost: Vespasiano Gonzaga and his ideal city

Mantua and Sabbioneta — 2016 — WHEBC401EF110

Vespasiano Gonzaga, Duke of Sabbioneta (1531–1591), stands as the first historical figure to deliberately design and construct a city—Sabbioneta—as a living embodiment of his ideals. This 'Città ideale' served as both a response to the political disorder of his era and an expression of Renaissance humanism, blending civic order with mathematical precision. The study reveals that Sabbioneta’s architecture, from its galleria and mint to its churches, reflects Gonzaga’s visionary approach, while also linking him to Shakespearean themes, particularly in Hamlet. Gonzaga’s life, marked by syphilis and introspection, offers a unique lens on the transition from Renaissance thought to early modernity. The work reconstructs his intellectual world through biographical analysis, textual connections, and architectural interpretation.

Harbours and Maritime Networks as Complex Adaptive Systems JOHANNES PREISER-KAPELLER and FALKO DAIM (Eds) with 10 Contributors 139 pp., 44 colour and 12 b&w illustrations including maps and tables RGZM Monograph 23 from Römanisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseu

Archaeological Site of Leptis Magna — 2016 — WHE9E98DD9657

Harbours and maritime networks function as complex adaptive systems influenced by environmental, political, and economic factors. The Special Priority Programme (SPP 1630) of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft revealed that the emergence, use, and decline of harbours depend on interdependent conditions, such as the foundation of Alexandria in 331 BC, which disrupted Thonis-Heracleion's trade networks but allowed it to persist as a religious centre. The study also identified 'gateway communities'—coastal settlements without harbour infrastructure that thrived due to avoidance of port taxation. Additionally, imperial euergetism and lobbying played crucial roles in the construction and maintenance of Roman ports, with emperors holding exclusive privileges for large-scale projects. Archaeological network analysis further demonstrated structural patterns in maritime trade rather than specific connections, highlighting the strengths and limitations of such methods.