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Publications

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Hospicio Cabañas

Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara — 2019 — WHE4450F4C0A8

Google Maps is increasingly serving as an informal proxy for experiencing UNESCO World Heritage Sites, as demonstrated by a digital ethnography of Hospicio Cabañas in Guadalajara. This lesser-known Mexican site gains new dimensions through Google's two-dimensional and three-dimensional satellite maps, which provide large-scale views that contextualize the hospice within its urban environment. The study highlights how virtual tools like Street View and See Inside enable simulated physical exploration, offering dynamic interfaces that mimic in-person visits. These digital experiences not only emphasize the scale of Hospicio Cabañas relative to surrounding structures but also suggest a shift in how heritage sites are perceived and engaged with globally.

Household Food Consumption Patterns and Food Security among Low-Income Migrant Urban Farmers in Delhi, Jakarta, and Quito

City of Quito — 2019 — WHEFE1C0FAB2A

Urban agriculture provides a buffer against food insecurity for low-income migrant farmers, enhancing both the quantity and quality of their diets. A study across Delhi, Jakarta, and Quito found that participation in urban farming improves household food security through direct consumption and indirect benefits like increased income and better access to diverse food options. Despite varying practices in each city, growing food in urban areas consistently offered protection against food insecurity. This research aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by addressing hunger, nutrition, and sustainable agriculture, offering critical insights as rural-urban migration trends continue.

Households’ preferences for improved solid waste management options in Aksum city, North Ethiopia: An application of choice modelling

Aksum — 2019 — WHE4402A9E10C

Households in Aksum, Ethiopia, show strong willingness to pay for improved solid waste management, with frequency of waste collection being the most valued attribute. A study using choice modeling analyzed preferences based on service attributes—such as collection frequency, disposal mechanism, and transportation mode—and monetary costs. The research found implicit prices of 4.6 Birr (frequency), 1.7 Birr (disposal), and 2.5 Birr (transport) for the extended model, indicating households prioritize regular waste collection over other improvements. Trade-off calculations between non-monetary attributes supported these findings. The study highlights that residents are willing to pay for better waste management, offering insights for policy development in UNESCO World Heritage Sites with similar challenges.

Housing programmes in UAE: case study analysis based on regional sustainable standards and local microclimate

Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud and Oases Areas) — 2019 — WHE860A2BDF3B

A case study analysis of housing programmes in Al Ain, UAE, reveals that optimizing building orientation and space distribution can reduce cooling load by up to 5.2% while respecting local cultural norms, such as the separation of public zones for men and women. This finding offers a practical approach to improving energy efficiency in hot, arid climates without compromising traditional spatial arrangements. The study employed Revit software for energy simulations, leveraging its widespread use among architects in the region. By analyzing a typical housing unit under the UAE's housing programme, researchers demonstrated that strategic design adjustments could mitigate peak cooling demands during extreme summer temperatures. This work provides actionable insights for sustainable urban development in the Gulf region.

Housing-Based Urban Planning? Sir Patrick Geddes’ Modern Masterplan for Tel Aviv, 1925

White City of Tel-Aviv – the Modern Movement — 2019 — WHE782691EFDB

A groundbreaking urban planning approach by Sir Patrick Geddes for Tel Aviv, proposed as early as 1925, is highlighted for its innovative integration of housing and urban structure. This study reveals that Geddes' plan addressed Tel Aviv's pressing housing needs through cooperative neighborhoods based on self-help dwellings, challenging traditional urban planning paradigms. By analyzing three key planning processes—housing as a city problem, social utility for reform, and housing-based urbanization as self-help—the research offers a new historiographic perspective on Tel Aviv’s modern urbanism, emphasizing housing as the fundamental unit of urban living. This approach extends beyond Geddes' era to influence later brutalist housing estates in the 1950s and 1960s, providing insights relevant to broader town planning movements and pre-CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne) urban planning practices.

How destination music affects tourists’ behaviors: travel with music in Lijiang, China

Old Town of Lijiang — 2019 — WHEBD2F00E3D2

Tourists' behavioral intentions in Lijiang, China—a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its rich musical culture—are significantly influenced by music-induced emotions. These emotions arise from both the perception and cognition of music during travel, suggesting that destination music can shape tourist experiences and behaviors. The study employed a survey-based approach to explore this relationship, revealing new insights into how music characteristics in tourism destinations can be leveraged to enhance engagement and visitor interactions.

How Knowledge of the Golden Jackal ( Canis aureus ) is Formed: Report from the Danube Delta

Danube Delta — 2019 — WHE2E2E23A5F4

A rural community in the Romanian Danube Delta harbors deeply negative perceptions of the golden jackal (Canis aureus), shaped by historical, ecological, and geographical factors. This study reveals how villagers' knowledge of the species is formed through wildlife monitoring, interviews, and participant observation, highlighting the jackal's symbolic significance. The findings suggest that such perceptions must be addressed in future management plans to support rewilding efforts effectively.

How Outstanding Universal Value, Service Quality and Place Attachment Influences Tourist Intention Towards World Heritage Conservation: A Case Study of Mount Sanqingshan National Park, China

Mount Sanqingshan National Park — 2019 — WHEFE7B50CD3A

Mount Sanqingshan National Park's Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) and service quality significantly influence tourists' intentions to conserve World Heritage Sites, with service quality proving more effective than OUV. A study of 565 tourist responses found that while both factors positively impacted conservation intent, place attachment did not mediate this effect. The research, using structural equation modeling, suggests prioritizing service quality improvements and affiliate attractions to enhance heritage protection and sustainable tourism development.

How the Mount Wutai cult stimulated the development of Chinese Chan in southern China at Qingliang monasteries

Mount Wutai — 2019 — WHE67D3E9F250

A study challenges the traditional perception of Chinese Chan Buddhism's origins, revealing that Mount Wutai, a northern sacred site, played a significant but often overlooked role in shaping southern Chan practices. The research examines four Qingliang monasteries in southern China, demonstrating how they preserved and disseminated a distinct 'Qingliang cult' lineage with unique teachings and practices. This contradicts longstanding assumptions about the separation between Chan and other Buddhist teachings, suggesting a more complex interplay between northern and southern influences than previously recognized. The study combines textual analysis of Chan sources with historical examination of monastery records to uncover this understudied dimension.

How to survey, model, and measure rockeries in a Chinese classical garden: a case study for Huanxiu Shanzhuang, Suzhou, China

Classical Gardens of Suzhou — 2019 — WHEAC4290E21D

Advanced digital survey techniques, including terrestrial laser scanning and digital photogrammetry, have been successfully applied to document and analyze rockeries in Huanxiu Shanzhuang. This study demonstrates that these methods can accurately model and measure both piled mountains and single monoliths, providing precise morphometric data for Chinese classical garden rockeries. By comparing techniques across different situations, the research establishes a robust approach for documenting this unique cultural heritage element. The findings contribute to preserving and understanding the intricate design of rockeries, which are distinctive features of Chinese gardens and reflect their cultural significance.

How Violence Shapes Religion: Belief and Conflict in the Middle East and Africa

Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork — 2019 — WHEC1C7A0833F

Violence profoundly shapes religious beliefs and conflicts, as evidenced by the 13th-century Marienburg Castle of the Teutonic Order near Malbork, Poland. This fortress, through its architecture and artifacts, reflects the interplay between Christian faith and violent encounters that defined its era. The study examines how such structures perpetuate myths of identity and belief, contributing to broader patterns of conflict in regions like the Middle East and Africa. By analyzing historical and material evidence, the research highlights the enduring impact of violence on religious narratives and societal dynamics.

Hoya aphylla (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a new leafless species from Laos

Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and Hin Nam No National Park — 2019 — WHE23D14C178C

A new leafless species of Hoya, Hoya aphylla, has been discovered in Hin Nam No National Protected Area, Laos. This unique find stands out due to its distinct floral morphology and corona characteristics, which differentiate it from similar species like H. lyi, H. carnosa, and H. multiflora. While it shares some traits with the type section of the genus Hoya, its leafless habit sets it apart, making it a notable addition to the region's flora. The discovery highlights the biodiversity richness of UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and Hin Nam No National Park.

Human activity can influence the gut microbiota of Darwin's finches in the Galapagos Islands

Galápagos Islands — 2019 — WHE523CAB8CF2

Human activity in the Galápagos Islands alters the gut microbiota of Darwin's finches, with significant differences observed between species and sites. The study found that small ground finches (Geospiza fuliginosa) and medium ground finches (Geospiza fortis) exhibit distinct bacterial diversity patterns depending on human presence—medium ground finches show reduced bacterial diversity in areas with humans, while small ground finches remain unaffected. Contrary to predictions, the greatest microbial divergence between species occurred in human-influenced sites, highlighting complex interactions between diet, environment, and gut microbiota. The research compared finch microbiota across sites with varying human influence, using dietary preferences as a key factor, providing insights into how anthropogenic changes reshape ecological and evolutionary processes.

Human and animal deposits in circular pits of the 5th millennium between the Rhine and the Danube

Upper Middle Rhine Valley — 2019 — WHE4A3B353535

A new hypothesis suggests that circular grave deposits, characterized by diverse typologies including burials and animal deposits, originated in Central Europe between the Czech Republic and Bavaria during the 5th millennium BCE. These early deposits exhibit a range of practices such as mixed deposits, anatomical segments, and isolated individuals in conventional or non-conventional positions. The phenomenon spread southward into the Upper Rhine Plain and Neckar Valley by the second third of the 5th millennium, likely influenced by the Münchshofen culture. This practice persisted through the Michelsberg culture in Lower Alsace and potentially diffused eastward via the Ludanice group in Slovakia to early Trichterbecherkultur groups. The study proposes a polycentric model for the diffusion of these deposits, challenging the traditional view of a linear spread from Chassean to Danubian regions. The research combines absolute chronology developments, bibliographic analysis, and recent archaeological discoveries to support this reinterpretation.

Hydro-Meteorological Trends in the Upper Omo-Ghibe River Basin, Ethiopia

Lower Valley of the Omo — 2019 — WHE90B0C94040

A significant decline in rainfall and rise in temperature trends were identified in the Upper Omo-Ghibe river basin, Ethiopia. The study analyzed hydro-meteorological data from 1981 to 2008, revealing statistically significant decreasing trends in annual rainfall and increasing trends in air temperature at most stations, with changes particularly pronounced in the late 1980s and 1990s. Streamflow also showed a general decline, likely due to the combined effects of reduced rainfall and higher temperatures. These findings highlight critical shifts in the basin's hydro-meteorological conditions, offering valuable insights for water management planning.

Hydroclimatologie des zones urbaines dans les villes de Kairouan et de Sidi Bouzid : approche intégrée du risque inondation

Kairouan — 2019 — WHE01FB7CBE94

Urban flood risk in Kairouan and Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia, remains significant despite hydraulic infrastructure built post-1969 floods. Research indicates that these structures may not fully protect against extreme rainfall events similar to those in 1969, particularly under projected climate change scenarios for 2030 and 2050. The study integrates hydroclimatological analysis with land-use assessment to map flood risk, identifying factors influencing runoff and drainage patterns. Key findings suggest that urban expansion into previously flooded areas has increased vulnerability, necessitating adaptive hydraulic planning to mitigate future damage.

Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from marine fouling assemblages in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador

Galápagos Islands — 2019 — WHE25A192D892

A comprehensive survey of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from marine fouling communities in the Galápagos Islands identified 20 species, including six anthoathecates and 14 leptothecates. Eight species were recorded for the first time in the archipelago, with three also being new to the eastern Pacific. The study highlighted eight introduced hydroid species, increasing the known count to eight, and reclassified four as cryptogenic, bringing the total to five. Notably, the species Obelia thornelyi was reassigned to the genus Clytia, and Dynamena distans was combined with the genus Amphisbetia. The research, based on samples collected in 2015 and 2016, also included a previously undocumented hydroid from a shipwreck near Isla San Cristóbal. This study contributes significantly to the understanding of hydroid biodiversity and biogeography in the Galápagos.

Hydrothermal eruptions at unstable crater lakes: Insights from the Boiling Lake, Dominica, Lesser Antilles

Morne Trois Pitons National Park — 2019 — WHE70A0367818

A study of the Boiling Lake in Dominica's Morne Trois Pitons National Park reveals that small hydrothermal eruptions and toxic gas emissions, previously thought non-eruptive, can occur during lake drainage events. The research demonstrates that the petrophysical state of crater wall materials—such as porosity, permeability, and alteration-related strength—controls the style and energy of these explosive events, as well as landslide risks. Using experimental simulations of decompression under slightly elevated pressure (mimicking post-drainage eruptions) and rapidly enhanced pressure (simulating landslide-induced overpressurization), scientists calculated ejection velocities to estimate potential debris impact areas. This work advances the understanding of hydrothermal eruption hazards at unstable crater lakes, offering critical insights for risk assessment in UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Ice Core δ 18 O Record Linked to Western Arctic Sea Ice Variability

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2019 — WHE71EF902299

A strong correlation between ice core δ¹⁸O records and western Arctic sea ice variability has been identified, revealing that enriched δ¹⁸O values in the Bona-Churchill (B-C) ice core from southeast Alaska correspond to reduced sea ice cover in the region. This relationship is linked to increased southerly flow and warmer waters in the Bering Sea, which modulate heat flux through the Bering Strait and influence Arctic sea ice dynamics. The study utilized isotope-enabled model data, reanalysis data, and observations to explore these mechanisms, finding a significant negative correlation (r = −0.80, p < .001) between the B-C δ¹⁸O record and western Arctic sea ice duration reconstructed from Chukchi Sea sediment cores. This pattern suggests that during periods like the Little Ice Age, prolonged warm Arctic/cold continent conditions and a northwestward shift in the North Pacific storm track may have contributed to reduced sea ice cover.

Iconografia bíblica a la pintura mural romànica de la Vall de Boí: el cel dins de l’eglésia

Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí — 2019 — WHECFE735DAF5

Romanesque mural paintings from three churches in Vall de Boí—Sant Climent of Taüll, Santa Maria of Taüll, and Sant Joan of Boí—reveal a sophisticated system of biblical iconography designed to convey religious messages to illiterate medieval believers. These paintings, now housed in the National Museum of Catalan Art in Barcelona, depict celestial themes within ecclesiastical contexts, serving as a visual means of education and spiritual instruction. The study analyzes how these murals integrate complex biblical narratives while maintaining accessibility through symbolic representation. This approach highlights the cultural significance of Romanesque art in religious communication during the medieval period.