Serra da Capivara National Park
—
2017 —
WHE6AE7034565
Wild bearded capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) at Serra da Capivara National Park, Brazil, employ two distinct techniques to position cashew nuts on an anvil before cracking them with stone tools. The arched position, previously undocumented, allows for more efficient nut-cracking by requiring less force than the traditional lateral positioning. This rare behavior was observed in only 6 out of 20 adult monkeys, suggesting it may require significant experience or social learning to master. Additionally, dry cashew nuts often needed preliminary processing to remove one lobe before being placed in an arched position, indicating a complex ontogeny. The study highlights the intricate tool-use behaviors exhibited by these primates and suggests further research is needed to fully understand the role of social learning in this technique.
Historic City of Ahmadabad
—
2017 —
WHEDEE33659FA
Ahmadabad's urban transformation, often celebrated for its economic dynamism, actually reinforces caste-based segregation and exclusion. Despite the city's reputation as a space where identities dissolve under capitalism, new Dalit middle-class neighborhoods like Chandkheda have emerged on the periphery, distinct from older industrial-era Dalit settlements. These areas, born of post-liberalization economic mobility, are marked by three exclusionary mechanisms: spatial segregation, caste vigilantism, and intra-Dalit discrimination. The study reveals that caste and capital collude to create 'post-liberalization Dalit ghettos,' where distinctions based on micro-caste identities persist or intensify, often masked by the rhetoric of secular urban development. This ethnographic research highlights how economic progress can paradoxically deepen social divisions in middle-class residential spaces.
Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves
—
2017 —
WHE42CA00FB4A
Research on the UNESCO-listed Fernando de Noronha Island reveals limited genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii, with strains primarily clustering into Type II, III, and Caribbean 1 groups. Unlike mainland Brazil, where T. gondii strains show high pathogenicity to mice and genetic variability, isolates from Fernando de Noronha—derived from cats and rodents—were non-pathogenic to outbred mice. Genetic analysis suggests recent introduction of a few founding strains, likely via imported cats, with minimal evidence of mainland-derived strain transmission. The study used 11 PCR-RFLP and 15 microsatellite markers to characterize isolates, highlighting the island's unique epidemiological profile.
Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük
—
2017 —
WHEC8A11D72AE
A comprehensive analysis of skeletal remains from the Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük reveals significant evidence of interpersonal violence during this period. The study, conducted by Christopher J. Knüsel and Bonnie Glencross, challenges the conventional view that Neolithic societies were predominantly peaceful. By employing bioarchaeological methods, including the examination of trauma patterns on human bones, researchers identified markers of violent conflict such as blunt force injuries and perimortem fractures. This finding suggests that violence was a structured aspect of social dynamics in early agricultural communities, providing insights into the complexities of Neolithic life.
Mogao Caves
—
2017 —
WHE6E27734030
The Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the world's most remarkable Buddhist cave temple complexes, stand as a testament to the cultural and artistic exchange along China's Silk Road. This book highlights the caves' extraordinary significance, showcasing their intricate artistry, historical depth, and the challenges of preserving such a rare site in an arid desert environment. It delves into the complexities surrounding conservation efforts, balancing the need for scientific preservation with the ethical considerations of protecting a site of immense cultural heritage.
Monte San Giorgio
—
2017 —
WHE654545D528
A groundbreaking fossil discovery at Monte San Giorgio reveals the extraordinary preservation of soft tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS) and muscular bundles, in a 240-million-year-old giant bristletail, <em>Gigamachilis triassicus</em>. This specimen, the largest apterygote insect ever recorded at approximately 80 millimeters, showcases four abdominal ganglia, optic lobes with neuropils, and compound retina, providing unprecedented insights into ancient insect anatomy. The study suggests that modern archaeognathan lineages originated in the Middle Triassic, co-occurring with more primitive forms like <em>Dasyleptus triassicus</em>. This comparison offers a new reconstruction of character evolution in apterygote insects, hinting at significant morphological changes during the Permian or Lower Triassic.
Maya Site of Copan
—
2017 —
WHE6DAC3AF77C
Research on Temple 16 at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Copán reveals its central role during the reign of Yax Pasaj, the last ruler of the founder's dynasty. Analysis of architectural sculptures identified 63 distinct motifs, organizing them into three key iconographic themes: the temple as a symbolic mountain representing the dwelling and resurrection of the ancestral founder; the site as a place for rituals commemorating war and human sacrifice; and its representation of the universe. The study highlights how public art, combining local Maya and foreign Teotihuacan imagery, served to legitimize Yax Pasaj's rule while emphasizing large-scale cultural heritage. This approach underscores the temple's significance in political and ritual practices during the Late Classic period (430 A.C.).
State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv”
—
2017 —
WHE4210F69766
A comprehensive analysis of Sasanian pottery from the UNESCO World Heritage Site, State Historical and Cultural Park 'Ancient Merv,' reveals significant insights into the social and economic dimensions of the Sasanian Empire (224-651 AD). Puschnigg's study catalogs hundreds of securely excavated ceramic pieces, comparing them with previously inaccessible Russian research to establish a benchmark for future studies. This detailed examination provides a typology of shapes and wares, enhancing our understanding of Merv's role as a critical Silk Road hub and its cultural exchanges between east and west.
Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville
—
2017 —
WHEC2D9B99845
Research challenges the claim that the earliest known European play performance in the Americas occurred in Puerto Rico in 1510, finding it historically implausible. The study instead explores Spanish colonial encounters with the Taíno 'areyto,' a traditional performance practice, revealing attempts by Spanish friars to Christianize this cultural element during evangelistic efforts. Through archival research in Seville's Archivo General de Indias and analysis of chroniclers' accounts—including those by Ramón Pane, Bartolomé de las Casas, Oviedo y Valdes, and Pedro Mártir de Angelería—the study reconstructs the Taíno's cultural landscape under colonial rule. It highlights the 'areyto' as a significant yet understudied aspect of Taíno society, offering insights into the complexities of cultural exchange during early Spanish colonization in Puerto Rico.
Bale Mountains National Park
—
2017 —
WHE9A4BBCCC45
Human settlement, agricultural expansion, and livestock grazing pose significant threats to wildlife conservation in Bale Mountains National Park. A 2014/2015 study involving 365 households across 10 villages bordering the park revealed that 78% of respondents relied on farming or livestock as primary socio-economic activities, with forage (52%) and farming (25.6%) being key drivers for settlement near or inside the protected area. These pressures have led to deforestation, habitat loss, and vegetation decline, jeopardizing wildlife management efforts. The research highlights the urgent need for targeted conservation education and active measures to mitigate human impact on the park's biodiversity.
Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara
—
2017 —
WHE7163EB88EB
Despite significant financial investments, the Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Songo Mnara in Tanzania face persistent threats to their integrity due to insufficient government commitment, lack of local community involvement, and destructive conservation practices that compromise archaeological deposits—key components of their Outstanding Universal Values (OUV). A recent study reveals that while these sites have been removed from UNESCO’s List of World Heritage in Danger, their long-term preservation remains at risk without adherence to established Management Plans and professional guidance. The research highlights the critical need for multi-focused conservation strategies that balance financial resources with stakeholder engagement and expert oversight to safeguard these cultural landmarks for future generations.
Kaziranga National Park
—
2017 —
WHE66F1597BD8
A study reveals that the extent of exposed sandbars in the Brahmaputra River near Kaziranga National Park, India, is inversely related to annual rainfall, suggesting increased erosion risk during wetter years. Researchers applied a spectral signature-based post-classification change detection method using Landsat 5 satellite imagery from 2006 to 2011 to track sandbar dynamics and correlate them with regional precipitation patterns. The findings highlight that higher rainfall correlates with reduced sandbar visibility, likely due to intensified flooding during monsoon seasons. This relationship provides preliminary insights into erosion-prone zones, offering a foundation for further analysis to mitigate flood impacts on the UNESCO-listed Kaziranga National Park.
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks
—
2017 —
WHE6C9AFF6FF4
Aged wildfire smoke from the Pacific Northwest and Canada significantly increased ozone (O3) levels by approximately 10 ppbv during two distinct events in summer 2015 over the Colorado Front Range, including at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory. This enhancement persisted even after accounting for temperature effects, suggesting that wildfire smoke can substantially contribute to O3 abundances across urban-rural gradients. The study analyzed in situ measurements of O3, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and reactive oxidized nitrogen species during smoke-impacted periods, revealing elevated levels of peroxyacyl nitrates, VOCs, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and morning/evening nitrogen dioxide. These findings provide a case study on how aged wildfire smoke influences atmospheric composition, with implications for air quality as anthropogenic emissions decline.
Curonian Spit
—
2017 —
WHE23814E1F55
Over the past decade, active wind dunes on the Curonian Spit, part of the UNESCO-listed Baltic sand belt, have exhibited significant degradation, with the Naglis Dune lowering by 4–6 meters and the Parnidis Dune experiencing a greater sand deficit (~10,000 m³). Unlike other European dune systems, this degradation is pronounced, suggesting complex interactions between natural climate change and anthropogenic factors. The study, conducted from 2003 to 2014 using geodesic levelling, meteorological data, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR), found that wind regimes remained near multiannual averages, while sand moisture and groundwater levels varied significantly. These findings underscore the need for long-term monitoring to disentangle natural processes from human impacts and inform protective measures.
Yakushima
—
2017 —
WHEABBC38150C
A significant decline in the population of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) on Yakushima Island over 20 years, particularly in northern and eastern regions, has been attributed to high hunting pressure for pest control, which exceeded 1,000 individuals annually after 2009. The study, conducted through point observations between 1991-1994 and 2013-2014, found that while hunting pressure was highest in these areas, it was absent in the west and low in the south. Conifer plantations, more prevalent in northern and eastern regions, may also contribute to the population decline. The findings suggest an urgent need for alternative pest control measures, particularly in high-pressure zones.
Historic Areas of Istanbul
—
2017 —
WHE6C966B71B8
Urban memory serves as a critical indicator for preserving the integrity of historic urban landscapes (HUL), bridging the gap between evolving spaces and collective recollections. This study highlights how Taksim Square, Istanbul—a symbol of historical significance—has undergone rapid transformation since 1923, particularly post-1980s, due to planning decisions that alter its physical environment, functions, and cultural references. These changes erode public memory, threatening the continuity of heritage. The research proposes 'urban memory' as a new metric for HUL preservation, emphasizing the need to integrate social elements alongside physical conservation. By analyzing expert meetings (2005–2010) and UNESCO’s HUL framework, it demonstrates that heritage preservation must account for dynamic urban dynamics to sustain both tangible and intangible cultural layers.
Grand Canyon National Park
—
2017 —
WHE0D90D0BC96
A comprehensive mapping of the Colorado River's channel from river miles 29 to 62 in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, revealed critical data on bathymetry, topography, and bed-sediment grain size. Conducted in May 2009, this study utilized multibeam and singlebeam echosounders for bathymetric mapping, ground-based total-stations for topographic surveys, and an underwater digital microscope system to collect sediment grain-size data. The findings include high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), spatially variable DEM uncertainty assessments, georeferenced grain-size datasets, and bed-sediment distribution maps. This research is part of a broader initiative to monitor sand storage dynamics along the Colorado River, providing essential insights for understanding river morphology and sediment transport in one of the world's iconic UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Fortifications of Vauban
—
2017 —
WHE7442B85A3A
The fortifications of Vauban in Metz underwent significant transformations from the 16th to the 21st century, marked by phases of destruction and preservation. Initially damaged during a siege in 1552, the city's medieval defenses were partially demolished and integrated into a new bastion system beginning in 1560. Vauban's interventions in the late 17th century standardized this approach, replacing medieval elements with modern fortifications, though some remnants survived. The 19th century saw both further destruction—particularly under German annexation—and a growing romantic interest in medieval architecture. Restoration efforts began in the mid-20th century, culminating in the 2014 restoration of the Porte des Allemands for cultural use. This study highlights the complex interplay between military necessity, urban development, and heritage preservation over five centuries.
Historic Centre of Évora
—
2017 —
WHEB16B791FAD
The historical city centre of Leiria, Portugal, exhibits significant architectural and cultural heritage value despite the absence of an integrated conservation policy. A detailed characterisation of its building stock reveals notable discrepancies in construction materials and techniques, even among similar urban centres like Porto, Lisbon, Guimarães, and Évora. This study highlights the importance of individualised analysis for each historic centre to effectively safeguard their unique heritage. The research employed non-destructive inspection methods to document pathologies and assess preservation needs, underscoring the necessity for tailored conservation strategies to protect these invaluable cultural assets.
Ilulissat Icefjord
—
2017 —
WHECBB2BB1970
A study of Jakobshavn Isbræ, the fastest retreating glacier in Greenland and a significant contributor to ice-sheet mass loss, reveals that its meltwater export forms a buoyant coastal gravity current extending 10 km offshore and reaching depths of 100 meters. The research, conducted using hydrographic observations and inert geochemical tracers, provides the first quantitative description of glacially-modified waters exported from the Jakobshavn/Ilulissat Icefjord system. These waters contain submarine meltwater (up to 2.5 ± 0.12%) and subglacial discharge (up to 6 ± 0.37%), along with entrained ocean waters, suggesting a deep-reaching overturning cell driven by glacial buoyancy forcing. The findings highlight the potential impacts of increased freshwater discharge on ice melt feedbacks, marine ecosystems, and regional ocean circulation.
Grand Canyon National Park
—
2017 —
WHE3CC0588B13
A unique karst system beneath the Kaibab Plateau and Grand Canyon National Park exhibits rapid, conduit-dominated flow with fracture connectivity between surface and deep aquifers, unlike typical karst behavior. Dye trace analysis revealed that base flow recession coefficients in the deep karst are an order of magnitude lower than global averages, indicating exceptional hydraulic efficiency. This study used LiDAR data, GIS mapping, and non-toxic fluorescent dyes to characterize sinkhole distribution and delineate flow paths, providing critical insights for aquifer management in complex karst environments.
Rila Monastery
—
2017 —
WHEAA40CA8BA5
A groundbreaking analysis of Zahari Zograph’s nave wall paintings in the church 'The Nativity of the Virgin' at Rila Monastery, Bulgaria, reveals the use of azurite—a pigment not previously identified in other murals from this site. This discovery is significant as it uniquely links these paintings to Zograph's artistic style. Researchers employed vibrational spectroscopy and SEM–EDX analysis to identify pigments such as smalt (blue background), green earths (green color), and red lead (red-orange color). Additionally, the study characterized the gilding mordant using drying oil, resin, and siccative metal oxides, providing insights into the materials and techniques employed by Zograph during the 19th century.
Niokolo-Koba National Park
—
2017 —
WHE5544693FE5
Guinea baboons (Papio papio) exhibit a unique multi-level social organization that challenges traditional understandings of baboon society. Unlike other baboon species, they form stable reproductive units with one primary male and multiple females, which coalesce into parties and gangs with overlapping home ranges. This structure is marked by low male aggressiveness and female freedom, contrasting sharply with hamadryas baboons (P. hamadryas). Population genetic and behavioral data suggest female-biased dispersal, with females playing a pivotal role in intersexual bond formation. Female tenure varies from weeks to years, and while vocalizations resemble those of other baboon taxa, the social dynamics are distinct. This study, conducted at CRP Simenti in Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal, offers new insights into the diversity of primate social systems and their implications for understanding human social evolution.
Mount Taishan
—
2017 —
WHEEE0658872F
A significant increase in cloud water acidity at Mount Taishan, China, was observed between 2014 and previous studies (2007–2008), with pH levels rising from 3.86 to 5.87. This shift was attributed to higher nitrate and ammonium concentrations, particularly the overcompensation of ammonium, which neutralized acidity. The study also revealed that cloud droplets at Mount Taishan were predominantly smaller than 26.0 µm, with most ranging between 6.0–9.0 µm, peaking at 7.0 µm. High liquid water content (LWC) broadened droplet size distribution and facilitated the formation of larger droplets. Additionally, higher PM2.5 levels correlated with increased soluble ion concentrations, smaller droplet sizes, and greater droplet numbers, suggesting a strong interaction between cloud droplets and atmospheric aerosols. The research highlights clouds as an important sink for soluble atmospheric materials and emphasizes the need to consider the dilution effect when estimating cloud-phase component concentrations.
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago
—
2017 —
WHEBFFD9959FB
Researchers have identified four phenol glycosides, including cannabiside B, from the n-butanol extract of <em>Chirita drakei Burtt</em>, a plant species endemic to Ha Long Bay and Cat Ba Archipelago in Vietnam. Notably, compounds 4 and 5 represent novel discoveries within the <em>Chirita</em> genus, expanding the known chemical diversity of this group. Structural elucidation was achieved through mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, with comparisons to existing literature. This study contributes to the characterization of bioactive compounds from Vietnamese flora, particularly in UNESCO-listed marine environments.
Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
—
2017 —
WHE3BC705329E
Bikini Atoll, once chosen by the US government for nuclear testing under the guise of advancing global peace, remains uninhabitable due to severe environmental damage caused by these tests. Despite initial assurances that the displacement of Marshallese islanders would be temporary, the atoll's contamination persists, threatening future generations. This study highlights the ongoing health and socio-political impacts on Marshallese communities, including radiation-related illnesses, dietary dependence on imported Western foods, and climate-induced displacement risks. Through an analysis of Kathy Jetnil-Kijiner’s protest poetry, the research reveals how contemporary Pacific Islanders leverage global platforms to raise awareness and seek redress for these interconnected issues.
Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area
—
2017 —
WHECC71BE6B26
A significant generational divide exists among Chinese tourists at Wulingyuan, a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, regarding their connection to nature and interest in animal experiences. While older generations exhibit stronger environmental concern and support for Western conservation approaches, younger cohorts show less anthropocentrism but are less inclined to engage with nature through tourism interpretation. The study reveals that traditional Chinese values, such as the concept of <em>tian ren he yi</em> (oneness of humans and nature), continue to influence tourists' perspectives, even as their attitudes converge with Western views on ethical and aesthetic appreciation of animals. This research highlights both cultural persistence and evolving generational preferences in natural landscape interpretation.
Iguaçu National Park
—
2017 —
WHEA44168E582
A cytomolecular analysis of Abracris flavolineata, conducted in Iguaçu National Park—a significant fragment of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest—reveals remarkable karyotypic plasticity in the species. The study identified a diploid number of 23 chromosomes in males (22+X0), with distinct heterochromatic blocks predominantly marked by DAPI+, alongside CMA3+ and dual DAPI+/CMA3+ regions, suggesting genetic diversity. Notably, 18S rDNA sites were mapped to the short arms of five chromosome pairs, with two co-located with 5S rDNA, while histone H3 genes were localized on a single bivalent. This plasticity is hypothesized to stem from vicariant events shaping the species' geographical distribution across populations.
Taxila
—
2017 —
WHE82D3D5D157
Stupas in Gandhara, particularly those at Taxila and Swat, exhibit distinct chronological transformations in their plinth forms, transitioning from single-story to multi-story designs between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. While single-story stupas dominated early Buddhist temple construction (1st century), multi-story variants emerged later (2nd century) and persisted through the 5th century, notably at Butkara I. Regional variations were observed: Taxila showed an earlier adoption of both single and multi-story forms with increasing height over time, while Swat featured unique double-story designs across all sites. The study classified plinth forms based on physical characteristics—single, double (equal or smaller upper story), and multiple stories—and analyzed seven sites through field surveys and excavation reports, revealing both shared Gandharan features and localized differences.
Archaeological Site of Troy
—
2017 —
WHEAC8ACE9602
Civilians Under Siege from Sarajevo to Troy offers a comparative analysis of siege warfare, highlighting the unique vulnerability of civilians during prolonged military engagements. The volume examines historical and contemporary sieges, drawing parallels between modern conflicts like Sarajevo and ancient ones such as Troy. It employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating archaeological evidence with historical accounts and sociopolitical analyses to explore the psychological, social, and physical impacts on civilian populations. By framing siege warfare as a distinct form of combat, the study underscores its enduring relevance in understanding the human experience under extreme conditions.
Ogasawara Islands
—
2017 —
WHE872C149FF8
Captain Beechey’s plaque, affixed to a tree on Peel Island (Chichijima) in 1827, marked Britain’s early territorial claim over the Ogasawara Islands. While its sovereign significance waned over time, this study reasserts its historical importance as a catalyst for Anglo-Japanese diplomatic interactions and Japan’s first negotiations with the West over territorial sovereignty. The research traces the plaque’s provenance, revealing its role in shaping the transnational past of Chichijima’s descendants. Though later overshadowed by Japanese claims, the plaque remains a pivotal artifact in understanding early colonial diplomacy in the Pacific.
Classical Gardens of Suzhou
—
2017 —
WHE545A90B976
Classical Chinese gardens, particularly those of Suzhou, serve as landscapes for self-cultivation, fostering environmental ethics, aesthetic appreciation, and moral character development. The study reveals that these gardens achieve this through the metaphorical connotations embedded in their natural and architectural elements. By analyzing the design philosophy of Suzhou gardens, the research demonstrates their potential to promote contemporary values such as ecological responsibility and ethical behavior. The approach involves a thematic exploration of three key areas: environmental ethics, aesthetics, and moral cultivation, offering insights that bridge traditional garden design with modern educational and ethical paradigms.
Hebron/Al-Khalil Old Town
—
2017 —
WHE3E6390A94D
Residential buildings in Hebron's Old City exemplify a harmonious integration of architectural design with environmental and social needs, reflecting broader Islamic urban planning principles. These structures feature internal backyards, narrow streets, covered markets, and stone-paved courtyards, designed to optimize privacy, comfort, and collective living for extended families while adhering to Islamic construction rules. The buildings' shared external walls create a protective barrier around the city, providing shade and security. This study highlights how Muslim architects prioritized residents' welfare by adapting designs to local environmental conditions, ensuring both functional and aesthetic cohesion.
Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands)
—
2017 —
WHE10ED9C8A0F
Aeolian Islands' Filo Braccio settlement offers unique insights into the Capo Graziano phase of early Bronze Age, revealing it as the earliest known arrival point for these cultures. The study of Hut F, spanning approximately 150 years, identifies three distinct phases with evolving ceramic forms and uses, including a rare depiction of boats in marine-themed designs. Unlike other Aeolian sites, Filicudi's isolation preserved local traditions, avoiding elaborate decorations seen elsewhere. The absence of violent destruction or abrupt abandonment suggests a gradual cultural shift. This research provides a detailed chronological framework for Capo Graziano ceramics, integrating functional analysis to reconstruct daily life and spatial organization within the hut.
Yellowstone National Park
—
2017 —
WHE1E9A45C0CD
By mid-21st century, Yellowstone National Park's forest cover and species composition will shift significantly due to climate change and wildfire. Under moderate warming (>2°C) and increased precipitation (3–5%), burned area could rise 1.2–4.2 times, reducing forest cover by 10–44% and basal area by 14–60%. Lodgepole pine declines while Douglas-fir expands, driven by climate-altered fire regimes. Conversely, mild warming (<2°C) with higher precipitation (12–13%) may boost forest cover, favoring spruce and subalpine fir. These projections stem from FireBGCv2 model simulations under three climate scenarios, revealing how changing fire dynamics and species responses reshape the landscape.
City of Safranbolu
—
2017 —
WHEE4534251D5
Safranbolu, Turkey, possesses climate characteristics highly suitable for saffron (Crocus sativus) cultivation, reaffirming its historical significance as a center for this precious spice. The study, using Thornthwaite climate classification and meteorological data from the General Directorate of Meteorology of Turkey, reveals that Safranbolu's arid-low humidity, mesothermal climate—lacking water excess and minimal sea effect—aligns with saffron's adaptability to temperatures ranging from -18°C to 45°C. Despite current limited cultivation in a few villages, the findings underscore Safranbolu's potential for expanded saffron production, leveraging its clay loam soil and favorable climate. The research employed systematic analysis and ArcGIS mapping, advocating for renewed focus on this 'golden' crop to restore its economic and cultural importance.
Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek
—
2017 —
WHEFF5986C31B
Tundra shrublines are advancing at measurable rates due to climate warming, with willow shrubs expanding upslope and increasing in cover by approximately 5% per decade. This finding, derived from a study in the Kluane Region of Yukon, Canada, suggests that shrubline advance is driven primarily by rising temperatures, particularly summer warmth influencing growth and winter conditions affecting recruitment. The research analyzed radial growth, age distributions, and field surveys across 14 sites, revealing low mortality and consistent recruitment patterns independent of elevation or aspect. These results align with broader trends in Arctic and alpine ecosystems, indicating that shrubline advance will persist if climate conditions remain favorable, though future variability between seasons could alter the trajectory of vegetation change.
Monte San Giorgio
—
2017 —
WHE8180AFDE03
A comprehensive analysis of Middle Triassic coelacanths from the UNESCO World Heritage Site Monte San Giorgio reveals significant insights into the evolutionary pace of actinistian fish. This study, part of a broader project, examines fossilized coelacanth material from the Besano Formation in Switzerland, housed at the University of Zurich. The research aims to compare and describe these specimens, contributing to our understanding of their evolutionary trajectory. While Latimeria chalumnae was once thought to be an ancestor of four-legged vertebrates, this study focuses on clarifying its actual evolutionary position and pace, addressing ongoing debates in paleontology.
Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection
—
2017 —
WHEF0D5D62D4B
Research reveals that the Coiban agouti (Dasyprocta coibae), a vulnerable rodent endemic to Coiba Island, Panama, exhibits a population density of 73.3 individuals per square kilometer, positively correlated with primary forest cover. Camera trap surveys detected 2114 instances, indicating higher activity on government-maintained trails and during daylight hours (06:00–19:00), particularly in late May to early June. The study suggests that Coiba Island's habitat may be limiting for agoutis due to lower predation risk compared to related species in Central America. These findings underscore the effectiveness of camera traps for future population monitoring, providing critical data to guide conservation efforts and reassess the species' vulnerable status.
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park and Hin Nam No National Park
—
2017 —
WHE0D21C6C3F1
Successful collaborative governance of protected areas, such as Hin Nam No National Protected Area in central Laos, hinges on community engagement incentives, formal power-sharing mechanisms, local resource ownership, downward accountability, trust-building strategies, and adaptive performance assessment. This study identifies these conditions as critical for decentralized and democratic governance models rooted in customary rights. While Hin Nam No demonstrates potential for such an approach, its long-term success depends on sustained political will to strengthen and maintain these arrangements. The research employs a qualitative analysis framework to evaluate governance structures, contributing valuable insights to the discourse on protected area management in Asia.
Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing
—
2017 —
WHE6622EFCC99
Over a million objects from the Yuanmingyuan, or Summer Palace—a significant imperial Chinese palace complex—were looted during the Second Opium War and dispersed globally. This study reveals how Western museums, including the Royal Engineers Museum in Kent, the National Museum of Scotland, and the Musee Chinois at Château de Fontainebleau, shaped the display of these artifacts over 150 years, reflecting European cultural, political, and aesthetic biases rather than the original context of the Yuanmingyuan. By analyzing museum practices, the research offers insights into Western representations of China during this period.
Venice and its Lagoon
—
2017 —
WHEA702391CBD
A novel framework for managing and valorizing tourist destinations emerges from this study, which applies the theory of commons—focusing on self-organized collective action—to territorial governance. By comparing two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park (characterized by collaborative governance) and Venice (marked by uncooperative governance), the research highlights how territorial identity and tourism heritage can be treated as shared resources. This approach reveals distinct governance dynamics that suggest innovative management strategies for sustainable tourism development. The study bridges gaps in existing literature, offering new pathways for research and practical applications in territorial conservation and governance.
Namhansanseong
—
2017 —
WHE24ABF70E59
A study on Sungryeoljeon, a historic structure within Namhansanseongreveals distinct column-leaning patterns in Korean traditional wooden architecture. Using 3D scanning technology, researchers measured the displacement of 12 columns, finding they generally lean southward and rotate clockwise, though at varying rates depending on direction. This method offers precise, periodic data to track structural changes over time, providing insights into the behavior of such heritage structures. The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring to understand and preserve architectural characteristics that are already in motion.
Abbey and Altenmünster of Lorsch
—
2017 —
WHECF51FE637C
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of combining Structure from Motion (SFM) and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for cultural heritage documentation, particularly in capturing 3D data of complex or inaccessible structures. The research highlights how these technologies complement each other, enabling precise modeling of archaeological sites and historical buildings. Using Lorsch Abbey's King’s Hall as a case study, the authors showcase the potential of this approach to preserve and analyze UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The paper also explores current software options for SFM, discusses workflows from photo capture to 3D surface creation, and addresses future challenges in integrating emerging technologies.
Kyiv: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra
—
2017 —
WHE41FF29170D
Research on Kyiv Pechersk Lavra (19th–early 20th century) reveals that communicative comfort near sacred objects played a crucial role in maintaining safety and order within the site. The study finds that structured disciplinary instructions for brethren, along with improved physical conditions—particularly in caves—helped prevent crowding, injuries, and thefts while enhancing pilgrimage experiences. Analyzing Lavra administration preconceptions, operational comfort for coffin-guardians and cave guides, and the gap between ideals and reality, the research highlights how these measures contributed to reliability engineering, ensuring the preservation of shrines and icons. The findings also suggest that theft prevention in caves remains an area warranting further investigation.
Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
—
2017 —
WHE5E35192CEF
Professor Takeo Ohnishi, a pioneering figure in radiation biomedicine, significantly advanced the field through his research on radiation effects, cancer biology, and related disciplines. His work spanned multiple domains, including ultraviolet radiation studies, slime mold sporangia formation, hyperthermia, heavy particle beams, astrobiology, and low-dose radiation. Ohnishi's flexible and innovative research approach, particularly his focus on the TP53 gene across various studies, set him apart as a model educator and researcher. He played a crucial role in establishing key institutions like the Radiation Effects Research Institution (RERI) and the Radiation Biology Center (RBC), fostering collaboration among radiation researchers nationwide. Additionally, he contributed to international efforts, notably organizing the International Congress of Radiation Research (ICRR2015) in Kyoto. Ohnishi's legacy includes numerous publications, his role as dean at Nara Medical University, and his mentorship of many students who became professors themselves.
Ajanta Caves
—
2017 —
WHEBCD726CF42
A pivotal analysis by Walter Spink reveals Bagh's significant role in the evolution of Buddhist shrines, particularly its influence on the transition from aniconic to iconic worship forms. The study highlights the site's connections with Ajanta and examines technological advancements, such as door fittings in monks' cells, alongside astronomical alignments tied to solstices. Spink's comparative approach, rooted in extensive historical and architectural analysis, underscores Bagh's importance in shaping Buddhist religious practices during a critical period of development.
Serengeti National Park
—
2017 —
WHE6535045B8E
Gender and education significantly influence communal knowledge and support for African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) reintroduction in the western Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. The study found that males outperformed females in identifying wild dogs and expressed stronger conservation priority for the species. Higher education levels correlated with greater support for increasing wild dog populations post-reintroduction. These findings underscore the need for conservation authorities to integrate local perceptions into reintroduction programs. The research used questionnaires from 216 respondents across six villages, revealing critical socio-demographic factors shaping attitudes toward wildlife conservation.
Archaeological Site of Olympia
—
2017 —
WHE48ACAE91B2
Archaeological evidence from the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Olympia suggests that during the sub-Mycenaean and Protogeometric periods, a small community, possibly consisting of just three or four families, inhabited the area. This finding challenges the notion that Olympia was merely a sanctuary, highlighting its role as a lived-in settlement alongside its religious significance. The study integrates archaeological discoveries with ancient literary sources to explore the extent of settlements in greater Eleia before the synoikism (unification) of 471 BC, revealing the presence of political entities like the unlocated Khaladrians. Additionally, it raises questions about the communication networks between Dodona and African sanctuaries, pointing to gaps in our understanding of interregional connectivity during this period.
Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca
—
2017 —
WHEA7A102A183
Local communities in UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS) are largely excluded from heritage protection and conservation planning, undermining sustainable management. A study on Melaka, a WHS recognized for its outstanding universal value (OUV), found minimal community participation despite international guidelines emphasizing local involvement. The research involved consultations and focus group discussions with various communities between 2013-2014, revealing that the local community is treated as an object rather than a subject of development. This exclusion contrasts with UNESCO's emphasis on community-driven heritage safeguarding, which advocates for active participation in decision-making to ensure sustainable continuity as a WHS.
