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Stock discrimination of two insular populations of Diplodus annularis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae) along the coast of Tunisia by analysis of otolith shape

Djerba: Testimony to a settlement pattern in an island territory — 2015 — WHE39B8C950DD

Research on the annular seabream (Diplodus annularis) in Tunisia reveals distinct stock structures between populations from Djerba and Kerkennah islands, as evidenced by significant differences in otolith shape asymmetry. The study analyzed 120 specimens using Fourier coefficients to assess left-right otolith variability, finding that while males and females from Kerkennah displayed symmetry, Djerba's male population exhibited asymmetry, indicating potential sexual dimorphism unique to this site. These findings suggest the two populations belong to separate stocks, a critical insight for fisheries management. The study highlights the need for further research to determine whether these morphological differences stem from environmental factors or genetic variations.

Stonehenge, by Julian RichardsExploring The World Heritage Site: Stonehenge and Avebury

Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites — 2015 — WHEE625F7CA25

Recent archaeological research at Stonehenge, coinciding with the opening of its new visitor center and the completion of several studies, has shed light on the site's complex construction phases. The findings reveal that the monument's development was more intricate than previously understood, with evidence suggesting multiple stages of modification and refinement over centuries. This guidebook, authored by Julian Richards, provides a comprehensive overview of Stonehenge and its associated sites in Avebury, integrating the latest research to offer insights into the site's cultural significance and historical context.

Stonehenge: Making Sense of a Prehistoric Mystery

Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites — 2015 — WHEB9D466E74F

A groundbreaking interpretation of Stonehenge reveals its complex role as both a ceremonial and funerary site, challenging long-held assumptions about its primary function. Professor Mike Parker Pearson and colleagues integrate archaeological evidence, radiocarbon dating, and landscape analysis to demonstrate that Stonehenge was not merely a ritualistic monument but also served as a burial ground for significant individuals, including children, suggesting a multifaceted social and spiritual significance. The study employs advanced excavation techniques and isotopic analysis to reconstruct the site's evolution over millennia, providing unprecedented insights into Neolithic society.

Storyboards of remembrance: Representations of the past in visitors’ photography at Auschwitz

Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) — 2015 — WHE96F42A2BA3

Visitors to the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial site predominantly use photography as a mnemonic practice, with images serving as 'storyboards' that encapsulate historical understanding and emotional narratives. The study identifies six dominant photographic genres through which visitors negotiate their experiences within an ethical and social framework, highlighting the role of visual perception in regulating sensual impressions during visits. A strong emotional impulse, particularly the feeling of the sublime, is evident in amateur photography, supporting moral ideas such as freedom or justice when confronting the past. The research employs participant-oriented methods to empirically discuss historical imagination's significance in linking the past with the present.

Stream Macroinvertebrates and Habitat Below and Above Two Wilderness Fords Used by Mules, Horses, and Hikers in Yosemite National Park

Yosemite National Park — 2015 — WHE1000472F86

Wilderness stream fords used by mules, horses, and hikers in Yosemite National Park exhibit longer-term and late-season effects on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages and habitat characteristics. Below these fords, researchers observed higher silt, sand, and gravel cover, a thicker periphyton layer, increased Hilsenhoff biotic index, greater proportions of tolerant taxa (including chironomid midges), and higher species richness—primarily driven by chironomids. Conversely, sensitive taxa such as mayflies and stoneflies were less abundant below fords. These findings suggest that both hikers and stock contribute to downstream impacts, with management interventions targeting stock likely being more effective in mitigating these effects. The study involved examining macroinvertebrates and habitat at two subalpine stream fords over two years, comparing conditions above and below the fords during early and late seasons.

Striped domains of coarse-grained magnetite observed by X-ray photoemission electron microscopy as a source of the high remanence of granites in the Vredefort dome

Vredefort Dome — 2015 — WHED0F4921807

Researchers have identified striped domains of coarse-grained magnetite, observed through advanced microscopy techniques, as the source of the high remanence in granites from the Vredefort Dome. This discovery challenges traditional understanding, as such magnetite is typically associated with weak coercivity and remanence. The study used X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) analysis and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), conducted at the SPring-8 synchrotron facility, to investigate a shocked Vredefort granite specimen. The presence of hematite lamellae on partially oxidized magnetite indicated striped domains that intensified remanence and coercivity. Unlike natural lodestones formed by lightning strikes, which showed no magnetic domain structures despite containing maghemite, the Vredefort granites' intense remanent magnetization is attributed to post-impact hydrothermal activity, suggesting a unique mechanism for magnetic hardening.

Structure and functioning of intertidal food webs along an avian flyway: a comparative approach using stable isotopes

Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago – Omatí Minhô — 2015 — WHE070B8B3724

Coastal ecosystems along the East Atlantic Flyway exhibit significant variations in food web structure and shorebird community organization, with Banc d'Arguin displaying lower trophic diversity and higher functional redundancy compared to other sites. This pattern likely stems from its seagrass-dominated system, which lacks inputs from freshwater or nutrient-rich offshore waters, limiting organic matter transfer pathways. The study used Bayesian stable isotope mixing models and community-wide metrics to analyze four tidal ecosystems: Tejo estuary (Portugal), Sidi Moussa (Morocco), Banc d'Arguin (Mauritania), and Bijagós archipelago (Guinea-Bissau). Findings highlight distinct levels of ecosystem resilience and plasticity in foraging behavior among shorebirds, with low niche overlap suggesting strong interspecific competition in tropical systems like the Bijagós. The research underscores the importance of comparative approaches to understanding trophic dynamics in coastal environments.

Study of profitability of organization of tourism routes (on the example of Sheki-Zagatala Economic Region of Azerbaijan)

Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace — 2015 — WHE97858D6021

Effective tourism route organization can significantly boost profitability for tour operators by leveraging collective excursion models, but success hinges on meticulous cost analysis and market adaptation. A study focusing on Azerbaijan's Sheki-Zagatala region demonstrates that rent per tour—calculated using main and variable expenditures alongside company income—serves as a robust metric for evaluating profitability. The research analyzed existing and recommended routes, assessing their natural and man-made recreational resources while offering actionable recommendations to enhance tour organization. By integrating prior measuring, planned measuring, individual calculation, and rent per tour methods, the study provides a practical framework for tour operators to optimize profitability in competitive tourism markets.

Study on the Original form of Hwaseong Hwahongmun Gate

Hwaseong Fortress — 2015 — WHE65147E9FED

Hwahongmun Gate, the northern gate of Hwaseong Fortress, underwent significant structural changes over centuries, deviating from its original 1795 design. A study reveals that post-1846 flood reconstructions and subsequent repairs, particularly during Japanese colonial rule and in 1977, altered its form substantially. By comparing historical construction records with the current structure, researchers identified discrepancies in materials and design, providing insights into the gate's original prototype. This analysis highlights the importance of preserving historical accuracy in heritage restoration efforts.

Study on the sports culture of Zhuang nationality interpreted from rock paintings of Hua Mountain in Ningming, Guangxi

Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Cultural Landscape — 2015 — WHEE30B07DDB6

Rock paintings on Hua Mountain, Guangxi, reveal significant insights into the sports culture of the Zhuang nationality. These ancient artworks, dating back over 2000 years, provide tangible evidence for the development history of the Zhuang people and their ancestral roots in the Zuo River basin. The study interprets these rock paintings to unravel the rich cultural connotations embedded within them, offering a unique perspective on the disappeared history of ancient Xiou and Luoyue peoples. By analyzing the visual representations, researchers can reconstruct elements of traditional sports culture, contributing valuable knowledge to both archaeological and anthropological fields.

Sun Temple Konark Orissa, India

Sun Temple, Konârak — 2015 — WHE6F2644C58F

The Sun Temple at Konârak, India, stands as a remarkable architectural marvel designed to align with the sun's first rays, symbolizing its celestial significance. Built by King Langula Nar Singh Dev around 1200 AD, this 'black pagoda' is structured in the form of a chariot pulled by eight horses, reflecting advanced engineering and artistic innovation of the era. The temple's design ensures that sunlight illuminates its sanctum at dawn, underscoring its spiritual and astronomical importance. This study highlights the temple's unique alignment and symbolic representation, offering insights into ancient Kalinga's architectural prowess and cultural heritage.

Sur le mal et sur Bisutun

Bisotun — 2015 — WHE779B0896AC

The Bisotun inscription reveals a mythological narrative where Darius I portrays his ascent to the throne, framing it as a cosmic struggle between good and evil. The text highlights how Bardiya's murder by Cambyses II was denied, leading to Gaumata's false claim to Bardiya's identity. Darius resolves this deception by asserting his kinship with Cambyses and restoring Persia's alliance with Ahuramazda, thereby ending the era of lies. This inscription provides a unique lens into ancient Persian political and religious dynamics, blending historical events with mythological symbolism.

Surface water quality in the Okavango Delta panhandle, Botswana

Okavango Delta — 2015 — WHE06989D9723

Despite increasing human and livestock activity, the water quality in the unprotected panhandle of the Okavango Delta—a vital Ramsar and World Heritage Site—has remained largely unchanged over two decades. A study comparing data from 2006–2009 to mid-1980s findings found that physical parameters met South African guidelines, while most chemical substances were below detection limits. However, microbial concentrations spiked in areas with higher human and livestock presence, indicating localized impacts on water quality. This suggests resilience in the ecosystem's ability to buffer against growing pressures, though targeted monitoring may be needed for sensitive zones.

Sustainability and nature-based mass tourism: lessons from China's approach to the Huangshan Scenic Park

Mount Huangshan — 2015 — WHED032970F59

China's government-led model for sustainable mass tourism, exemplified by Huangshan Scenic Park, reveals a dual structure: efficient management at core sites and economic growth, juxtaposed with unsustainable practices in surrounding communities. This approach, while practical through top-down control and learning-by-doing, risks path dependency, hindering integrated development. The study highlights that without systematic planning for societal transformation, environmental pressures are exported to inadequately managed buffer zones, creating suboptimal outcomes. Parallels with global models suggest a need for balanced, community-inclusive strategies to avoid long-term sustainability challenges.

Sustainable Cities and the Contribution of Historical Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study of Historical Persian Gardens

The Persian Garden — 2015 — WHECA7129DF22

Historical Persian gardens emerge as vital components for urban sustainability, enhancing citizens' well-being and fostering community cohesion. Unlike generic urban green spaces, these heritage sites offer multifaceted benefits, including psychological relief, social congregation, and economic activation, while maintaining cultural identity and emotional resonance. A case study of actively used historical Persian gardens demonstrates their potential to address urban dwelling challenges by strengthening place attachment and accommodating diverse social functions. The research highlights their role as a cohesive municipal resource, integrating cities' fabric and contributing to environmental sustainability.

Sustainable regional development: Reconciling global and local dynamics and stakes in the Swiss Alps

Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch — 2015 — WHE4CEAEC8A1A

Sustainable development in the Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch World Heritage Site (WHS) hinges on local and regional dynamics, not global or national frameworks. Research reveals that while tourism drives economic growth, achieving sustainability requires balancing diverse interests through quality dialogue. Unlike traditional political or administrative units, this WHS crosses boundaries, complicating governance. Studies using population data, employment indicators, and stakeholder interviews found that local solutions are essential, as broader policies often lack specificity. The global WHS label alone does not guarantee sustainability; success depends on tailored regional strategies.

Sustainable valorization of cultural heritage via tour guides: turkish case of Ephesus ancient city

Ephesus — 2015 — WHEA80B729C37

Tour guides at Ephesus Ancient City play a crucial role in mitigating the negative impacts of mass tourism on cultural heritage, according to a study published in PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural. The research highlights that guides can significantly influence tourist behavior and contribute to sustainable heritage valorization. Conducted through semi-structured interviews with Turkish tour guides at Ephesus, the study reveals their potential as key supporters for heritage site managers in reducing environmental degradation and resource consumption. Recommendations derived from this research aim to guide tourism industry practices and cultural heritage management strategies, emphasizing the importance of integrating sustainable tourism principles into local operations.

Sustainableaflajwater management in Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Sultanate of Oman

Aflaj Irrigation Systems of Oman — 2015 — WHE2AD29F9131

Rapid development in Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Oman, has significantly strained the sustainability of its traditional aflaj irrigation systems. A DPSIR (Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Responses) framework analysis identified key threats including excessive water use for agriculture and tourism, compounded by climate change impacts like reduced rainfall and rising temperatures. These pressures have led to declining aflaj flows, deteriorating water quality, and reduced agricultural productivity. The study concludes that integrated water management strategies—prioritizing conservation, efficiency improvements, and climate adaptation—are essential to preserve the aflaj system and support local communities. Existing responses, such as regulatory measures and infrastructure projects, are insufficient without broader systemic changes.

Sustaining Local Community Economy Through Tourism: Melaka UNESCO World Heritage City

Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca — 2015 — WHEF2EA8E13C2

Tourism significantly boosts the local economy of Melaka, a UNESCO World Heritage City, with 34.3% of tourist expenditures directly benefiting local communities. The study reveals that while tourists spend 64.7% on transportation and only 1.4% on shopping, their average actual expenditure (RM172) is lower than budgeted (RM306), positioning Melaka as an affordable destination. This research highlights tourism's positive impact on the economic well-being of local populations, contributing to Malaysia's GDP through employment in sectors like accommodation, food and beverages, entertainment, shopping, and transportation. The findings were derived from a diary record survey involving 1,000 respondents across hotels with varying star ratings.

Sydney Opera House Adopts Innovative Building Management Interface

Sydney Opera House — 2015 — WHEB124487CFF

A groundbreaking integration of decades' worth of data on the Sydney Opera House's design and operation into a building information model has been achieved, promising long-term benefits for its management. This innovative approach leverages comprehensive datasets to enhance operational efficiency and sustainability. The research focuses on synthesizing historical data with modern building management techniques, providing a robust framework for future maintenance and preservation efforts.